Welcome everyone! If you have any questions, please type them to us 
 Nouns
 Pronouns
 Verbs
 Prepositions
 Adjectives
 Adverbs
 Conjunctions
 Interjections
Put an appropriate noun in each of the following
blanks:
The shoplifter stole a(n) ____________ from the store.
____________ threw the football to me.
Tiny messages were scrawled on the ____________.
A(n) ____________ crashed through the window.
Give the _______________ to Ellen.
Avoid the repetition!
The phone rang, and Bill answered the phone.
_____________________________________________.
Lisa met Lisa’s friends in the record store at the mall.
Lisa meets Lisa’s friends there every Saturday.
________________________________________________________
_________________________________________.
 The surgeon ________ through the first layer of skin.
 The animals in the cage ________ all day.
 I _______ anxious to get my test back.
 The grocery store ________ open until
11pm.
What Can You Do?
Page 331 (great reference!)
An ant was crawling up the teachers
leg.
The man with the black mustache
left the restaurant quickly.
The plant on the windowsill was a
present from my mother.
 The _________ pizza was
eaten greedily by the
_____________ teenagers.
 The restaurant throws
away lettuce that is
___________ and tomatoes
that are _______________.
 The canary sang
softly.
 The chef yelled
angrily.
 The sick man
spoke very faintly.
 Obviously, an important part of testing is
understanding what the question is asking you to do!
Lets take some time to review some terms you will
need to be familiar with for the Keystones!
 The repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words.
 Example: She sat of the soft, silky, silver couch.
 Think of tongue twisters!
 An implied or direct reference in literature to a
familiar person, place, event, or other piece of
literature.
 Example: If you were to say, “I have a dream,” in a
speech, what would you be alluding to?
 A word that has the opposite meaning of another
word.
 Example: Hot vs. Cold
 Example: Angry vs. Happy
 The author’s intent either to inform or teach someone
about something, to entertain people or to persuade
or convince his/her audience to do or not to do
something.
 Look for the message. If there is a call to action (the
writer is urging you to take action) you are probably
reading a persuasive piece.
 The subtle presence of a positive or negative
approach toward a topic.
 Example: I hated my British Literature course last
year, so I am going to hate my American Literature
course this year too.
 The method an author uses to reveal characters and
their various traits and personalities
 Indirect: Appearance, Dialogue, Internal Thoughts,
Actions, and Effects
 Direct: The author provides you with the information.
No guesswork needed. Example: Maria has dark hair
and large almond eyes.
 A variety of language distinct from the standard
variety in pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary.
 Example: In Western PA we say, “Pop.” In the South
they will use “Coke” or “Soda.”
 An author’s choice of words, phrases, sentence
structures and figurative language, which combine to
help create meaning and tone.
 Distinguish, tell apart, and recognize differences
between two or more items.
 Please differentiate between the two short stories,
“Call” and “Answer.”
 We will continue to cover more vocabulary next week.
 Any questions??