Taking a closer look at the foods that we eat.

What kinds of claims can be made about the
link between sugar and diabetes, obesity,
heart disease, weight gain and tooth decay?

What claims have the most evidence? Based
on the evidence, and that fact that some of
the evidence is inconclusive, what health
recommendations would you make about
sugar consumption?

Claims- to assert or maintain as a fact: She
claimed that he was telling the truth.


Evidence-that which tends to prove or disprove
something; ground for belief; proof.
2.something that makes plain or clear; an
indication or sign: His flushed look was visible
evidence of his fever.

Retrieved from Dictionary.com
WHAT IS A FOOD ADDITIVE?




Any substance added to
food.
Direct- added to a food for
a specific purpose
Indirect-become part of
the food due to packaging,
storage, or other handling.
Must prove to form safe
before permitted to add to
food.
FUNCTION OF FOOD ADDITIVES

To Maintain Safety and
Freshness
 Slow mold
 Control contamination and
possible food borne illness

To improve or maintain
nutritional value
 Make up for any lacking nutrients
in your diet

Improve taste, texture, and
appearance




Enhance taste
Improve appearance
Help texture
Aid in appearance



Have been used for many years to preserve,
flavor, blend, thicken, and color foods.
Strictly studied, regulated, and monitored.
Federal regulations require evidence that
each substance is safe before added to food.

Americans consume on average
more than 200 calories each day
from sugary drinks

Four times what they consumed
in 1965

Strong evidence indicates this
has been a major contributor to
the obesity and
diabetes epidemics.

the American Heart Association
found that the average
American eats 22 teaspoons of
“added” sugars per day.

For your reference, 1 teaspoon is
4 grams of sugar.

A can of coke has 39 grams of
added sugar, or almost 10
teaspoons of sugar.

Recommendations:

Men no more than 9 teaspoons
of added sugar per day

Women- no more than 6
teaspoons of added sugar per
day.

Sugar Toxic?????

Do you feel like this is a controversy that is
unnecessary? Explain
Describe how the video explains that sugar can
be toxic.
Crave Sugar
What is released when
we eat sugar?
 How does the brain
crave sugar?



Brain on Sugar





Substances used in place of sugar or sugar
alcohols.
Can help people who are trying to lose weight
Provide sweetness without adding extra
calories
Can help prevent tooth decay and control
blood sugar for diabetes patients
Chemically processed

More research is also needed on the safety of
artificial sweeteners.

There is no clear evidence that the artificial
sweeteners sold and used in the United
States are linked to cancer or coronary heart
disease risk in humans.






Aspartame- Equal– 220 times sweeter than
sugar
Sucralose-Splenda– 600 times sweeter than
sugar
Saccharin- Sweet-n-Low– 200-700 times
sweeter than sugar
Monk Fruit- 150-200 times sweeter than
sugar
Acesulfame K- Sweet One
Neotame

To date, the FDA has approved the use of five artificial sweeteners; each one is far sweeter
than regular sugar. (55) They include: Bellisle F, Drewnowski A. Intense sweeteners, energy
intake and the control of body weight. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007;61:691-700.
Artificial
sweetener
Brand names
Aspartame
Equal®, NutraSweet®, others 180 times sweeter than sugar
Sweetness as compared to sugar
Acesulfame-K Sunett®, Sweet One®
200 times sweeter than sugar
Saccharin
Sweet’N Low®, Necta
Sweet®, others
300 times sweeter than sugar
Sucralose
Splenda®
600 times sweeter than sugar
Neotame
No brand names
7,000 to 13,000 times sweeter than sugar

One natural low-calorie sweetener, stevia,
has not yet been evaluated by the FDA.

Stevia is about 300 times sweeter than sugar.

There are no long-term studies of the health
effects of stevia.

Natural sugar is the
kind of sugar
contained in fruits,
vegetables, and other
plants.

Natural sugars occur
most plentifully in
fruits, which is what
gives them their sweet
taste.

In the United States,
sugars that have been
refined or processed,
even minimally, cannot
be sold under the
“natural” label.

Fruits and Sugar

Looking at sugar on Food Labels Activity

Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) Myths and Truths

What are your thoughts on Genetically
Modified Foods after watching this clip.
GENETICALLY MODIFIED
MORE THAN 70 MILLION ACRES SINCE 1986.




Does not require labeling.
Process of breaking the
natural boundaries that
exist between species
Produces desired traits
Example: genes from
salmon can be spliced into
tomatoes to make them
more resistant to cold
weather
HYBRIDIZATION

The fertilization of the
flower of one species by
the pollen of another
species



Hotly debated subject.
In the 1930s, Milford Beeghly created new
hybrids of corn that were more resistant to
insects and easier to grow than the original
strain.
Many felt that this was against nature or
immoral, but the hybrids proved to be
commercially successful for the farmers that
used them in their fields.


More than ½ of America's processed grocery
products contain gene-altered ingredients.
Splicing the genes makes the tomatoes crops
larger when the weather is unfavorable.

11 year old speaks about Modified Foods

Refers to the way farmers grow and process
agricultural products




Fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy, and meat.
Designed to encourage soil and water
conservation and reduce pollution
Do not use conventional methods to fertilize
and control weeds.
Use natural fertilizers, crop rotation, or mulch
to manage weeds.

What is Organic?
View the video to the
left and pay attention
to the differences in
the way that
conventional and
organic farmers grow
their foods.



No generally accepted definition of “local
food”
Typically involve smaller farmers,
heterogeneous products, and short supply
chains
Farmer’s perform marketing functions:
including storage, packaging, transportation,
distribution, and advertising.

Local Food Movement

As you view the clip, answer any questions
that go along with this topic.


Probiotics are live bacteria and yeasts that
are good for your health, especially
your digestive system.
Probiotics are naturally found in your body.
You can also find them in some foods
and supplements.


Probiotin
Although this is for a particular product, the
information presented in the video is good at
explaining why there is an increased need in
adding probiotics to your diet.



When you lose "good" bacteria in your body,
probiotics can help replace them.
They can lower the amount of "bad" bacteria
in your system.
They can help balance your "good" and "bad"
bacteria to keep your body working like it
should.



Lactobacillus. This may be the most common
probiotic. It’s the one you’ll find in yogurt and
other fermented foods.
Bifidobacterium. You can also find it in some
dairy products.
Probiotics help move food through your gut
Researchers are still trying to figure out which
are best for certain health problems.
 Some common conditions they treat are:
 Irritable bowel syndrome
 Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
 There is also some research to show they ease
the symptoms of non-stomach-related problems
like:
 Skin conditions, like eczema
 Preventing allergies and colds
 Oral health




We have discussed 4 Nutrition Controversies
that are sometimes heavily discussed.
Choose one and write a response to the
following.
I feel that it is important for consumers to
understand the following facts about
________________.
Your response should be at least 2
paragraphs in length and provide some
evidence.
Food Additive Overview
http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagin
gLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm0942
11.htm
 Webmd.com



The next topic we will
cover is obesity. You will
have an individual research
and presentation
assignment. This is be a big
portion of the final 9 weeks
grade. Do not
procrastinate these last
weeks

4th 9 Weeks Topics

Finish Strong!!!!

Finish Nutrition
Controversies- Response
Paper
Obesity- Individual
Research and
Presentations
The Food Supply- where
does your food come from?
Creating a Sensory
Experiment( will likely be
the final)
Final Portfolio


