The Catcher in the Rye JD Salinger Chapters 15-26: Notes Chapter Fifteen Chapter Fifteen 1. What is the point that Holden tries to make about people when he elaborates about the suitcases of the nuns and his former roommate? He is slightly ashamed of being born into money Materialism creates a rift, “inferiority,” which makes Holden depressed “The thing is, it’s really hard to be roommates with people if your suitcases are much better than theirs…” (109) Chapter Fifteen 2. How does Holden treat the nuns? Holden admires the nuns for their good nature; he treats the nuns with respect and patience He offers them a $10 donation Juxtapose this with his refusal to give Maurice $5? Does Holden envy the nuns for their lack of money/choice not to worry about money? Chapter Fifteen 3. Why does Holden think it spoils a conversation if someone asks which religion he practices? Religion tends to be too outward to too many people Some people feel the need to identify others’ religious beliefs or convert/preach to others about their own beliefs “Catholics are always trying to find out if you’re a Catholic.” (112) Chapter Sixteen Chapter Sixteen Holden states, “That’s what I liked about those nuns… they never went anywhere swanky for lunch.”… The nuns are not obsessed with material acquisitions; they do not wish for personal wealth and would rather donate money than spend it on themselves Holden wishes that money did not have such a grip on him; he envies the nuns’ financial indifference Chapter Sixteen 1. Who does Holden make a date with? Why does he call her up if he thinks she is a phony? Holden calls Sally Hayes (exgirlfriend) “I used to think she was quite intelligent, in my stupidity.” (105) Holden is physically attracted to Sally, has a sexual urge to see her, but acknowledges that this urge clouds his judgment “My big trouble is, I always sort of think whoever I’m necking is a pretty intelligent person.” (105) Chapter Sixteen 2. How does Holden treat little kids? Give an example. Holden treats children with a profound respect and appreciation Holden buys Phoebe a “Little Shirley Beans” record Holden observes a young boy “just singing for the hell of it” as he walks with his parents Holden interacts with a young girl in the park and helps her tighten her skate “She was a very nice, polite little kid. God, I love it when a kid’s nice and polite when you tighten their skate for them or something. Most kids are. They really are.” (119) Chapter Sixteen Chapter Sixteen 3. What is the significance of the young boy with his parents that Holden sees on Broadway? Holden’s depression is interrupted and he is briefly cheered up by witnessing this child be so carefree and jolly First mentioning of the novel’s title: “If a body catch a body coming through the rye.” (115) Chapter Sixteen The Museum of Natural History particularly intrigues Holden… Holden has many memories attached to this museum He is intrigued by the fact that things stay exactly the same each time he goes, and yet notices that he changes each and every time he is there “The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was.” (121) Chapter Seventeen Chapter Seventeen 1. What does Holden’s comment about Sally, “Suddenly I felt like I was in love with her and wanted to marry her,” show about his current emotional state? Holden is desperate for companionship and love, even to the point where he may profess love to someone he actually hates Holden is only physically attracted to Sally; he does not have a spiritual connection with her like he thinks he has with Jane Chapter Seventeen 2. How does Holden feel about Sally as the date progresses? Holden is increasingly agitated and annoyed with Sally as the date progresses Sally converses with an ex-boyfriend of hers, making Holden seem like a third wheel He tries to have an intellectual conversation with her, but it turns into an unfocused rant on the things Holden hates; Sally becomes fearful of Holden’s apparent craziness Holden eventually calls her “a pain in the ass” and walks out on her Chapter Seventeen 3. What does Holden admit to Sally about his health? Holden comments on his mental state: He is “fed up” and in “lousy shape,” admitting “I don’t get hardly anything out of anything.” Discuss Do “crazy” people know that they are crazy? Is this a cry for help? Is Holden looking for someone to cure him? Chapter Seventeen 4. As a result of his mental state, what does Holden suggest to Sally? Holden suggests that she escape with him, somewhere north, to live in a cabin away from society “How would you like to get the hell out of here? …we could live somewhere with a brook and all…we could get married or something. I could chop all our own wood in the wintertime and all…” (132) Chapter Seventeen 5. Why does Holden feel the need to escape now rather than later in life? Holden realizes that if they wait, they’ll get mired in adulthood The older one gets, the more stuck one becomes Quote133 Chapter Eighteen Chapter Eighteen 1. Who is Carl Luce? Carl Luce Former classmate of Holden’s at Whooton School 3 years older than Holden The highest IQ of Holden’s classmates Holden, following a lousy conversation with Sally, is seeking an intellectual conversation with someone. Chapter Eighteen 2. What does the Radio City experience prompt Holden to think about? The one and only thing Holden admires about RCMH’s Christmas show is the kettle drummer The only genuine performer in the show It invokes a memory involving Allie, in which the two moved their seats to get a closer view of the drummer Allie tried to send the drummer a postcard while on vacation Chapter Eighteen 3. What opinions does Holden have about war? Holden is a self-professed “pacifist” but accepts/understands the necessity of war He witnessed how DB was changed by WWII (Salinger fought in D-Day too!) He loathes having to be in an army more than fighting in battle Why fight alongside people you actually hate? Is any cause so noble? He appreciates the invention of the atomic bomb for its efficient means of ending the war “…It’d drive me crazy if I was in the war with a bunch of guys like Ackley and Stradlater and Old Maurice all the time, marching with them and all… I swear if there’s ever another war, they better just take me out and stick me in front of a firing squad. I wouldn’t object… I’m sort of glad they have the atomic bomb invented. If there’s ever another war, I’m going to sit right the hell on top of it. I’ll volunteer for it, I swear to God I will.” (140-141) Chapter Nineteen Chapter Nineteen Carl Luce… Carl is a former classmate and student adviser of Holden’s at Whooton School Currently attends Columbia University in NYC In high school, Carl was known to be one of the few kids who experienced sex According to Holden, Carl “knew who every flit and Lesbian in the United States was” Described as highly intellectual; has the highest IQ Chapter Nineteen 1. Has Holden matured at all since first knowing Carl Luce? Prove it! Holden, although admitting to us that he is seeking an intelligent conversation, seems hell-bent on talking about Carl’s sex life Holden sticks to the same topic of conversation rehearsed with Carl in high school three years prior He has not progressed from high school, whereas Carl certainly has “Must we pursue this horrible trend of thought?” (Carl, 145) Chapter Nineteen 2. What more do we learn about Holden’s opinion of sex? Carl to Holden: “[Chinese] regard sex as both a physical and spiritual experience.” Holden to Carl: “So do I! …I know it’s supposed to be physical and spiritual, and artistic and all… you can’t do it with everybody– every girl you neck with and all– and make it come out that way.” Holden respects (but has not experienced first-hand) the sanctity, spirituality of sex Chapter Nineteen Holden the homophobe? Holden is homophobic? He chooses to use a derogatory term for homosexual (“flit”) “He used to scare the hell out of us. I kept waiting to turn into a flit or something” Holden is tolerant of homosexuality? He is simply judgmental about all topics that concern or intrigue him The fact that he uses a derogatory term is merely a product of his immaturity and ignorance; shows his stubborn refusal to be mature and speak maturely Chapter Nineteen 3. What does Luce suggest to Holden (Carl has suggested that Holden do this before)? Carl’s father is a psychoanalyst There is evidence that Carl once suggested to Holden that he seek therapy “For one thing, [Carl’s father] would help you recognize the patterns of your mind.” (Luce to Holden, 148) Perhaps the true reason that Holden has met with Carl at the Wicker Bar is to ask for help? Chapter Twenty Chapter Twenty 1. What does Holden pretend happens to him at the Wicker Bar? An increasingly drunk Holden secretly playacts that he has been shot in the stomach and is holding his guts Holding onto his guts = Mentally degrading? He thinks to call Jane at this time We witnessed Holden do this after being punched in the stomach by Maurice and chiseled out of money “I was even concealing the fact that I was a wounded sonuvabitch.” (150) Chapter Twenty 2. What happens to Holden’s gift for his sister? How does he feel at this point? Holden’s gift, the “Little Shirley Beans” record he purchased for her, is accidentally dropped and breaks “into about fifty pieces” Holden is devastated but does not disregard the broken gift and holds on to it “I damn near cried, it made me feel so terrible, but all I did was, I took the pieces out of the envelope and put them in my coat pocket.” (154) Chapter Twenty Holden’s “drunk dial” with Sally Hayes… Holden calls Sally Hayes He asks her/accepts her invitation to “trimma goddam tree for her” (decorate the Christmas tree) on Christmas Eve Sexual inuendo? He is still “holding onto [his] guts” An apology for acting the way he did, calling her a “pain in the ass”? Chapter Twenty 3. Where does Holden go after leaving the Wicker Bar? Holden winds up in Central Park, which he claims to “know... Like the back of my hand” He is searching for the lagoon where the ducks may be but is unable to find it Holden’s inability to locate himself, find a direction in life? “I didn’t even know where I was supposed to go… I started walking over to the park. I figured I’d go by that little lake and see what the hell the ducks were doing, see if they were around or not. I still didn’t know if they were around or not.” (153) Chapter Twenty 4. What information does Holden finally tell us about Allie’s funeral? Holden admits that he did not attend Allie’s funeral, on account of his hand being broken and having to be in the hospital Does this help us understand Holden’s inability to find closure with his brother’s death? Allie is “stuck” in a cemetery Holden resents the fact that Allie can’t move on from the ground and hopes that when he dies, someone has “sense enough to just dump [him] in the river.” (155) Chapter Twenty 5. What does Holden say about Allie that contradicts all his other statements about being an atheist? He contradicts his supposed atheism by admitting that Allie’s soul ascended to heaven “and all that crap” Atheists would not believe in an afterlife as, say, a Catholic would. One of the many contradictory elements of Holden’s character An accurate portrayal of a youth’s “belief”? When developing socially, spiritually, academically, etc., it seems hard-pressed for any 16-year old to say “I believe…” Chapter Twenty 6. Besides Allie, what are some of Holden’s other thoughts as he sits in Central Park? Holden thinks he is about to die from pneumonia (harsh winter cold; hunks of ice in his hair) as he is sitting on a bench in Central Park Holden does not wish to be memorialized after death and hopes his “lousy” family members do not attend his funeral Chapter Twenty 7. After he leaves the park, where does Holden go? Holden, fearing death, decides to go see the one person he would surely want to see before he dies: Phoebe He plans on sneaking in his parents’ apartment, avoiding them, in order to speak to Phoebe “I started thinking about how Phoebe would feel if I got pneumonia and died… I figured I better sneak home and see her… and just sort of chew the fat with her for a while.” (156) Chapter Twenty-One Chapter Twenty-One 1. What does Holden find so intriguing about Phoebe’s notebook? She has “about five thousand notebooks” HYPERBOLE! She uses a fake middle name: “Weatherfield” Although she is very smart and gets great grades, her notebooks are not filled with only academic notes; she inscribes her name over and over again and writes notes to her classmates She is not overpowered or encumbered by academic responsibilities Chapter Twenty-One 2. What is the one critique Holden has about Phoebe? “She’s very affectionate. I mean she’s quite affectionate, for a child. Sometimes she’s even too affectionate.” (161) Perhaps Holden is worried that her overly kind nature will allow others to take advantage of her kindness? DISCUSS: Do you know anyone who is “too affectionate”? Chapter Twenty-One Phoebe’s reaction to Holden’s broken gift… She accepts the broken “Little Shirley Beans” record and saves the pieces and stores them in the drawer of her night table She is appreciative of a gift that she can’t even use This demonstrates her gratitude and appreciation for her older brother Chapter Twenty-One 3. Why does Phoebe become so upset with Holden? She figures out that he has been expelled again; she is not told (very perceptive for her age) Phoebe is very disappointed and, perhaps, overly dramatic She punches him “She gets very fisty when she feels like it” (165) She worries that Holden’s father is going to kill him She puts a pillow over her head and refuses to acknowledge Holden’s pleas Chapter Twenty-Two Chapter Twenty-Two Holden’s reasoning as to why he got kicked out of school again… Holden has “a million reasons why” he was kicked out of Pencey Prep and admits to Phoebe that he “didn’t like anything that was happening” there “Everybody was always locking their door when somebody wanted to come in” (167) Teachers acts differently when the headmaster is around (phony adults) Alumni always return to PP and refer to their high school days as “the happiest days” of their lives Chapter Twenty-Two 1. What does it tell us about Holden when Phoebe states, “You don’t like anything that’s happening”? This demonstrates that Holden’s cynical apathy has been a recurring pattern for some time now Holden tells the reader that he “couldn’t concentrate too hot” after she asks him to name one thing he likes He admits to liking… The nuns with “those old straw baskets” James Castle His brother, Allie “chewing the fat with [Phoebe]” Chapter Twenty-Two 2. Why does Holden think about James Castle when Phoebe asks him to name one thing he likes a lot. James Castle = Holden’s former classmate at Elkton Hills Was bullied and abused because he called a kid “conceited” Refused to take back what he said Had something “too repulsive” done to him by Stabile and a handful of other guys Committed suicide by jumping out the window He was wearing a turtleneck sweater that Holden let him borrow Chapter Twenty-Two 3. What does it tell us about Holden when he says, “Just because somebody’s dead…”? “Just because somebody’s dead, you don’t just stop liking them, for God’s sake– especially if they were a thousand times nicer than the people you know that’re alive and all.” (171) Holden has set a standard of comparison for all he meets since Allie’s death Holden still positions Allie as a living entity; has not found closure from Allie’s passing Holden wishes to keep his memory of Allie preserved as is Chapter Twenty-Two 4. What does Holden tell Phoebe he’d like to be? (Significance of novel’s title) Holden wants to be the “catcher in the rye” Imagines himself as the only adult in a field full of children who are playing innocently He has to catch them from falling off a cliff if they get too close to the edge of the field Inference = Holden wishes to protect children from the phoniness and corrupt nature of adulthood Falling off the cliff = becoming an adult; giving up one’s innocence Chapter Twenty-Three Chapter Twenty-Three 1. Who is Mr. Antolini? Mr. Antolini = Holden’s former English teacher at Elkton Hills Family friend of the Caulfields About the same age as D.B. “He was about the best teacher I ever had… You could kid around with him without losing your respect for him.” (174) Chapter Twenty-Three 2. How does Phoebe cover for Holden when their parents come home? She lies to avoid situations just like her older brother does She covers for Holden and tells her mother that she was smoking a cigarette Chapter Twenty-Three 3. In talking with her mother, how does Phoebe “sound” like Holden? She chooses similar inappropriate words to use “Lousy” She speaks with a similar cynical tone and emphasizes certain words “The lambchop was all right, but Charlene always breathes on me whenever she puts something down. She breathes all over the food and everything. She breathes on everything.” (178) Chapter Twenty-Three 4. What does Phoebe do that makes Holden cry? Phoebe offers (then makes) Holden take her Christmas money Reasons why Holden cries? Humility The big brother accepting a handout from the little sister Admiration He is so overcome with gratitude and does not feel worthy of such charity Pattern of Depression/Symptoms of nervous breakdown He has cried several other times in the novel; this seems to be a pattern Chapter Twenty-Three Holden gives Phoebe his red hunting hat… Significance? This is the only item of value (sentimental) that he has on his possession A passing of the torch which signifies Holden’s lasting legacy A memento for Phoebe to keep in case he dies (similar to Holden keeping Allie’s mitt) He is giving up the emblem of his protection from the adult world and, upon leaving home uncertain that he’ll ever return, he is prepared to live on dangerously/unprotected Chapter Twenty-Four Chapter Twenty-Four Mr. Antolini… “More witty than intellectual” Holden has a closer, more familial relationship with him than just studentteacher (plays tennis with he and his wife) He agrees with Holden that D.B. is wasting his talents in Hollywood When Holden arrives he answers the door in his bathrobe, is seemingly drunk after having people over for a party earlier in the evening Chapter Twenty-Four 1. Why did Holden fail his ‘Oral Expression’ course at Pencey? The teacher, Mr. Vinson, forced students to stay on topic/stick to the point when giving speeches Students (and Mr. Vinson) yelled “Digression!” whenever anyone strayed from the point He made nervous students like Richard Kinsella, who had trouble sticking to the point, feel inferior Holden likes it when somebody digresses “I don’t like it when somebody sticks to the point all the time” (183) Chapter Twenty-Four 2. How does Holden feel physically when he talks to Mr. Antolini? “…but I felt sort of funny when I got outside. Sort of dizzy.” (181) “I was still feeling sort of dizzy or something and I had a helluva headache all of a sudden.” (183) “I didn’t feel much like thinking and answering and all. I had a headache and I felt lousy. I even had sort of a stomach-ache…” (184) “I didn’t feel at all like discussing it. The coffee made my stomach feel a little beter, but I still had this awful headache.” (186) “The thing was, though, I didn’t feel much like concentrating. Boy, I felt so damn tired all of a sudden.” (188) “I kept trying not to yawn… I was so damn sleepy all of a sudden.” (190) Chapter Twenty-Four 3. What does Holden say about hating people, such as Ackley and Stradlater? Holden’s hatred masks the secret appreciation/gratitude and dependency he has for others “I don’t hate too many guys. What I may do, I may hate them for a little while… but it doesn’t last long… After a while, if I didn’t see [Ackley and Stradlater], if they didn’t come to the room, or if I didn’t see them in the dining room for a couple of meals, I sort of missed them. I mean I sort of missed them.” (187) Chapter Twenty-Four 4. Explain Antolini’s advice: “The mark of the immature man is that he wants to die nobly for a cause, while the mark of the mature man is that he wants to live humbly for one.” Maturity comes to those who endure life’s struggles humbly No cause is worth risking one’s life, no matter how nobly one pursues or defies the cause Youth is a time of great impulse and urgency while wisdom comes from experience and time Which type of man is Holden? DISCUSS! Chapter Twenty-Four Comparing Mr. Antolini’s advice to that of Mr. Spencer’s advice from earlier in the story… Antolini’s advice is similar to Spencer’s advice in that he is urging Holden to conform to the expectations of adults/society His advice differs, however, because he offers Holden hope that once he gets through school he can find “the size of [his] mind” His advice is to deal with the phoniness of school for as long as it takes to get through school; Spencer’s advice is to “play the game according to the rules” forever Chapter Twenty-Four 5. How does Antolini upset and scare Holden? Can you relate this to Holden’s previous digression about “flits”? Holden wakes up to Antolini crouched next to him on the couch, in the dark, and feels Antolini’s hand “sort of petting me or patting me on the goddam head.” Holden admits to having “perverty” experiences as a child “Boy, I’ll bet I jumped about a thousand feet… When something perverty like that happens, I start sweating like a bastard. That kind of stuff’s happened to me about twenty times since I was a kid. I can’t stand it.” (193) Chapter Twenty-Five Chapter Twenty-Five 1. Later, after he has had time to think about it, what does Holden think about Antolini? Holden wonders whether or not he overreacted Perhaps Antolini was not making “a flitty pass” at him but was simply admiring/caring for him as a father would his son It depresses Holden even more when he starts to feel guilty about leaving/not returning to Antolini’s apartment “The more I thought about it, the more depressed and screwed up about it I got.” (195) Chapter Twenty-Five Holden reads a magazine article about hormones while at Grand Central Station The article reminds him of impending old age He is reminded that he is getting older no matter what he does and he can not stop time from changing him He is terrified at the thought of dying from cancer “I figured I’d be dead in a couple of months because I had cancer. I really did. I was even positive I would be. It certainly didn’t make me feel too gorgeous.” (196) Chapter Twenty-Five 2. What strange feeling does Holden start to have when he steps off of curbs? As he is attempting to walk across the street, Holden feels like he is going to disappear “…I had this feeling that I’d never get to the other side of the street. I thought I’d just go down, down, down, and nobody’d ever see me again. Boy did it scare me. You can’t imagine.” (197-198) This reminds the reader of an earlier episode, in Agerstown, PA, when Holden felt this way while running to Spencer’s house Chapter Twenty-Five Holden keeps repeating, “Allie, don’t let me disappear”… Perhaps this helps Holden summon the strength and power to keep going When he gets to other side of the street, he thanks Allie He admits that he was scared to stop doing it but also admits that he couldn’t remember this episode too well Discussion: What other experiences throughout the novel does Holden have trouble remembering? Chapter Twenty-Five 3. What does Holden decide he must do next? Where does he go? Holden makes the decision to flee NYC and hitchhike out west He’ll own a cabin that is somewhat in the woods but still mostly in the sun He’ll become a deaf mute, marry a deaf mute, and demand that his beautiful wife, like everyone else, write him notes instead of speak to him He’ll have children but will not allow them to go to school; he will teach them himself He’ll work at a filling station or someplace where nobody tries to talk to him Chapter Twenty-Five 4. With all the bad language that Holden uses, why is he so upset that curse words are written on a school wall? The curse words on the wall at school make Holden fearful that the children that do not know what the words mean will become curious, find out, and become exposed to the true meaning of the words He is worried that children will lose their innocence Chapter Twenty-Five 5. How does Holden treat the two boys at the museum? Holden admires the two brothers he meets at the museum He jokes around with them He guides them to where the mummies are He informs them about Egyptian history This is contrasted to Holden’s failed paper (topic = Egyptians) he read aloud earlier in the story at Spencer’s house Chapter Twenty-Five 6. Why is it so important to Holden that Phoebe not be mad at him? Relate this to his past (think: Allie). Holden once did not allow Allie to play with him and has harbored that guilt since his brother’s death Earlier in the story, he explains the situation when he tried to protect Allie from the dangers of shooting BB guns and did not allow him to play with him He is scared to do the same to Phoebe and feels a need to include her in case he (or she) dies/vanishes Chapter Twenty-Five Holden and Phoebe come “full circle” The siblings wind up in Central Park at the carrousel, one of Phoebe’s favorite childhood rides The carrousel, like many NYC landmarks, never seems to change nor age It is similar to the Museum of Natural History, for example “That’s one nice thing about carrousels, they always play the same songs.” Chapter Twenty-Five 7. What does Holden mean when he states, “The thing with kids is, if they want to grab for the gold ring, you have to let them do it, and not say anything. If they fall off, they fall off, but it’s bad if you say anything to them”? This statement contradicts what he says about being the “catcher in the rye” and preventing children from falling off the cliff Here, Holden argues for the need to let children learn to go hardships and growing pains so that they can learn from their own mistakes Chapter Twenty-Five 8. Of what may the carousel be considered symbolic? Carrousel symbolism: Cyclical nature of time Until this moment, Holden seems to view life as a linear path which begins at birth, moves through childhood, to adulthood, and ultimately to death. The carrousel makes Holden wonder if time is more revolving than straight Icon of childhood The carrousel in Central Park is in Holden’s childhood backyard/playground. It reminds him of the times when he was young, when DB, Allie, Phoebe and he were kids Chapter Twenty-Five Holden becomes so happy that he is “damn near bawling”… Holden has an epiphany; a moment of selfactualization and realization that life can be okay He has decided, at this point, to give up his “madman” journey and return home “I felt so damn happy all of a sudden, the way Phoebe kept going around and around… It was just that she looked so damn nice… God, I wish you could’ve been there.” (213) Chapter Twenty-Six Chapter Twenty-Six 1. According to Holden, why shouldn’t we “ever tell anybody anything”? “If you do, you start missing everybody.” The more we reflect upon our lives, the more appreciative we become of our journey The more we reflect upon our lives, the more reminded we become that all people have had a huge impact, positive or negative, on us Chapter Twenty-Six Does Holden seem to be better off or worse off after being psychoanalyzed in California? There is evidence to argue for either side DISCUSSION: Better off or worse off?