Introduction to the Human Body
Ms. De Los Rios
6h Grade
11.4
The Skeletal System
Essential Question:
How Does your Body Work?
What Does the Skeleton Do?
What Role Do the Joints Play?
What are the Characteristics of Bones?
Interesting fact:
The word skeleton comes from Greek words meaning “ a dried
body”
Pgs. 426-433
Vocabulary 11.4
1. Skeleton- is made up of all bones in your body.
2. Vertebrae- 26 small bones (vertebral column/backbone)
3. Joint- A place where two bones meet.
4. Ligament- strong connective tissue that hold together the movable
joints.
5. Compact Bone- hard and dense (not solid) bone tissue that is beneath
the outer membrane of a bone.
6. Spongy Bone- layer of bone tissue that has small spaces (inside the
layer of compact bone)
7. Marrow- The soft connective tissue that fills the internal spaces in
bone.
8. Cartilage- Connective tissue that is flexible and protects the end of
bones and keeps them from rubbing together.
9. Osteoporosis- A condition resulting from loss of minerals in which the
body’s bones become weak and break easily.
What Does the Skeleton Do? Pg. 427
Your inner skeleton (framework), is made up of all the bones in your
body.
Skeletal = building framework
Building would collapse without its frame, same as your body
without your skeletal
Your skeleton has five major functions.
1.It provides shape and support
2. enables you to move
3.protects your organs
4. It also produces blood cells
5.stores minerals and other materials until your body needs them.
What Does the Skeleton Do? Pg. 427
The skeletal shapes and supports your body.
•Skeletal system is made up of 206 bones (different shapes and sizes)
•26 small bones/vertebrae, make up your backbone in the vertebral
column.
•
•
The Skeletal System pg. 428
Skull
The Skeleton
The skeletal system
Clavicle
•Allows you to move
Sternum
Ribs
Humerus
Vertebral
column
Pelvis
Radius
Ulna
Carpals
•Most of the body’s bones are associated
with muscles, which pull on the bones to
make them move (contract & relax)
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
•Example of bones protecting organs=
The skull’s protection of the brain
•Produces substance your body needs
such as: blood cells
•Provides storage for minerals=calcium
The Skeletal System pg. 429
Movable Joints
Movable joints allow movement in different ways. What is another
joint for each type?
What Roles Do the Joints Play pg. 429
A joint is a place where two bones come together.
• Joints allow bones to move in different ways.
You have two types of joints:
1. Immovable joints (connect bones but allow little or no movement)
2. Movable joints (allow the body to make many different movements)
The bones in movable joints are held together by ligaments, which are
made of strong connective tissue.
The Skeletal System pg. 430
Types of Joints
What is the name of the type of joint of each object?
What are The Characteristics of Bones? Pg. 431
Bones are complex living structures that
grow,
develop, and repair themselves.
Bones are made up of:
1. bone tissue
2. blood vessels
3.Nerves
•A thin, tough outer membrane covers all of a typical bone except the
ends.
•Beneath the membrane is a thick layer of compact bone. This bone is
hard and dense but not solid; it contains minerals such as phosphorus
and calcium that strengthen it. Bone can absorb more force without
breaking than concrete or granite, yet it is far lighter than those
materials.
The Skeletal System pg. 431
Bone Structure
Many tissues make up the femur, the body’s longest bone. Describe each
part of the bone and what it does.
What are The Characteristics of Bones? Pg. 431
•Spongy bone has small spaces within it, making it lightweight but still
strong.
• Bone has soft connective tissue called marrow, which is responsible
for producing most blood cells and for storing fat.
•Bones form new bone tissue as you grow.
•Cartilage is a strong connective tissue that is more flexible than bone.
Interesting fact: At birth, human beings’ bones are mostly cartilage.
Gradually most cartilage is replaced with bone. Some cartilage still
protects the ends of your bones.
The Skeletal System pg. 432
Bone Strength, Growth, and Development
What are the characteristics of bones?
What are the Characteristics of Bones? Pg. 433
Healthy Bones
A combination of:
1. a balanced diet (calcium & phosphorus rich)
2. Regular exercise helps build and maintain strong, healthy bones.
•Your bones support the weight of your body and exercising helps
maintain strong bones!
•In order to protect your bones, use safety equipment when exercising.
•As you grow older, your bones start to lose some minerals, leading to
osteoporosis, a condition in which bones become weak and break
easily.