Chapter Overview
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Managing Compression
Managing Disk Quotas
Increasing Security with EFS
Using Disk Defragmenter, Check Disk, and
Disk Cleanup
1
Introduction to Windows XP
Professional Compression
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Microsoft Windows XP Professional supports two
types of compression.
The Compressed Folders feature
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You can use this feature to create a compressed folder.
All files you store in that folder are compressed.
NTFS compressed files and folders
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You can use this feature to compress files and folders or an
entire drive.
The drive must be formatted with NT file system (NTFS).
Each file and folder has a compression state that is either
compressed or uncompressed.
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Using Compressed Folders
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Benefits of Compressed Folders
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You can create and use compressed folders on file
allocation table (FAT), FAT32, or NTFS volumes.
You can open files and run some programs directly
from the compressed folders.
You can copy or move these compressed folders.
Compressed folders are compatible with other zip
programs.
You can encrypt compressed folders that you created
with this feature.
You can compress folders without decreasing
performance.
4
Using NTFS Compressed Files and
Folders
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Operating systems and applications can read
and write compressed files.
NTFS uncompresses the file before making it
available.
NTFS compresses the file when you exit or
explicitly save the file.
NTFS allocates disk space based on the
uncompressed file size.
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Compressing Files and Folders Using
NTFS Compression
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Compressing a Drive or Volume Using
NTFS Compression
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Displaying NTFS Compressed Files
and Folders in a Different Color
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Copying and Moving Compressed
Files and Folders
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NTFS Compression Guidelines
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Base your selection of file types to compress on the
anticipated resulting file size.
Do not store compressed files, such as PKZIP files, in
an NTFS compressed folder.
Windows XP Professional automatically uses a
different display color for compressed files.
Compress static data rather than data that changes
frequently.
Do not compress files that you copy and move
frequently.
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Understanding Disk Quota
Management
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Tracks and controls disk usage on a per-user,
per-volume basis
Bases disk usage on file and folder ownership
Ignores compression when calculating disk
usage
Calculates free space for applications based
on the user’s quota limit
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System Administrator Use of Disk
Quotas
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To specify the amount of disk space for each
user
To set a warning to log an event when a user
is nearing the limit
To deny users access if they exceed their limit
To log an event when a user exceeds a
specified disk space threshold
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Setting Disk Quotas
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Determining the Status of Disk
Quotas
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Red traffic light: disk quotas are not enabled
Yellow traffic light: disk quota information is
being rebuilt
Green traffic light: the disk quota system is
active
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Monitoring Disk Quotas with the
Quota Entries For Dialog Box
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Guidelines for Using Disk Quotas
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Log on as Administrator to install additional Windows
XP Professional components and applications.
Clear the Deny Disk Space To Users Exceeding Quota
Limit check box.
Set restrictive default limits for all users, and then
modify them to allow more disk space if needed.
Share disk space appropriately among all users who
share the computer.
Set disk quotas on shared volumes, on public folders,
and on network servers.
Delete disk quota entries for a user who no longer
stores files on a volume.
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Understanding EFS
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Microsoft Encrypting File System (EFS) lets you
encrypt files on NTFS volumes.
EFS lets users with roaming profiles use the same
key with trusted remote systems.
EFS lets you
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Copy, move, or rename files, which remain encrypted
Set policies to recover EFS-encrypted data when necessary
EFS can be implemented either from Windows
Explorer or from the command line.
EFS can be disabled for a computer, domain, or
organizational unit (OU) by using Group Policy.
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EFS Features
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Transparent encryption
Strong protection of encryption keys
Integral data recovery system
Secure temporary and paging files
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Encrypting Files and Folders
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To encrypt files, place them in an encrypted
NTFS folder.
Compressed files cannot be encrypted, and
encrypted files cannot be compressed.
A file is encrypted by using file encryption
keys.
All file encryption keys are stored and
encrypted in the file header.
By default, encryption provided by EFS is
56-bit encryption.
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Decrypting Files and Folders
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Using the Cipher Command
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Cipher [/e | /d] [/s:folder_name]
[/a] [/i] [/f] [/q] [/h] [/k]
[file_name […]]
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Using the Recovery Agent
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A recovery agent can help if a user loses the file
encryption certificate and associated private key.
The local computer administrator is the default
recovery agent.
The domain administrator is the default recovery
agent for the computers in a domain.
The recovery agent can open a file using his or her
own private key if the owner’s private key is not
available.
The recovery agent can be on another computer in
the network.
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Disabling EFS
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You can disable EFS for a domain, OU, or
computer by applying an empty Encrypted
Data Recovery Agent policy setting or by
deleting the existing recovery agents.
EFS uses the recovery agents listed in the
Encrypted Data Recovery Agents Group Policy
agent.
If the Encrypted Data Recovery Agent policy
setting is empty, EFS does not operate.
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Defragmenting Disks
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Windows XP Professional saves files and
folders in the first available space.
Defragmenting finds and consolidates
fragmented files and folders.
Disk Defragmenter moves the pieces of each
file or folder to a single contiguous space.
Disk Defragmenter can defragment FAT,
FAT32, and NTFS volumes.
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The Disk Defragmenter Window
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Using Disk Defragmenter Effectively
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Defragment when the system will receive the
least use.
Educate users to defragment at least once a
month.
Analyze and defragment the target volume
before installing large applications.
When you delete a large number of files or
folders, defragment your hard disk.
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Using Check Disk
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Check Disk attempts to repair file system
errors.
Check Disk locates bad sectors and recovers
readable information.
All files must be closed to run Check Disk.
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Check Disk Dialog Box Options
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Automatically Fix File System Errors
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This specifies whether file-system errors found
during disk checking will attempt to be repaired.
All files must be closed for this program to run.
Scan For And Attempt Recovery Of Bad
Sectors
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This specifies whether file-system errors found
during disk checking will attempt to be repaired,
bad sectors will be located, and readable
information recovered.
All files must be closed for this program to run.
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Check Disk Command-Line Version
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Chkdsk [volume[[path] filename]]
[/f] [/v] [/r] [/x] [/i] [/c] [/l
[:size]]
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Using Disk Cleanup
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The More Options Tab of Disk
Cleanup
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Chapter Summary
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You can create compressed folders on FAT
and NTFS volumes.
You can view the contents of, open files from,
and encrypt compressed folders.
You can copy or move compressed folders.
Compressed folders are compatible with other
zip programs.
NTFS compression lets you compress files
and folders only on NTFS volumes.
32
Chapter Summary (Cont.)
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Disk quotas let you manage and allocate hard
disk space usage.
EFS lets users encrypt files to make them
more secure.
Disk Defragmenter moves pieces of each file
and folder to a contiguous location.
Check Disk attempts to repair file system
errors and to recover readable information
from bad sectors.
Disk Cleanup frees up disk space by deleting
temporary files and uninstalling programs. 33