Jabodetabek and domestic
connectivity
M. Benmaamar
Bappenas
August 25th, 2010
1
Contents
1.
2.
3.
Jabodetabek and the connectivity
agenda
Key facts about Jabodetabek
transport
Priority actions
2
Jabodetabek and the connectivity agenda
• Congestion in Jakarta has a far reaching
impact on the Indonesia’s economic
development
– high cost of congestion – access to ports/airports
– influences projects selection and decision making
(i.e. FDI)
• Improving urban transport in Jabodetabek is
central to domestic connectivity
• This should be THE priority in Indonesia
3
Jabodetabek: Key facts
•
•
•
•
•
22 m inhabitants
22% of Indonesia’s GDP
Largest concentration of urban poor
Exponential growth in cars and motorcycles
Around 20% of total household expenditure is
spent for transportation
• Annual congestion cost of around 5% of GDP
4
Drastic Increase of Commuting Trips to Jakarta 1985 – 2002:
0.7 million people/day in 2002
5
Exponential growth in cars and motorcycles in Indonesia
50
45
Millions
40
35
30
Passenger cars
25
Bus
Truck
20
Motorcycle
15
10
5
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008*
6
Anticipated Serious Traffic Congestion
Volume / Capacity Ratio in 2002
Volume / Capacity Ratio in 2020 : Do Nothing Case
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WAJAH TRANSPORTASI KOTA
Damaged Sidewalk
9
Informal transport: Illegal road occupancy and
inadequate use of the road space
10
Deteriorating Public Transportation
11
Ineffective Transportation Demand Management
12
TransJakarata: A back bone for an integrated public
transport system
13
TransJakarata: Room for improvement
• Around 100 km of BRT lanes, one of the longest in the
world but operates at 25% of its capacity
• Lack of integration between BRT lanes and with the
other modes of transport (trains, feeders, walking…)
• No priority at intersections
• Buses queue for up to 3 hours at CNG refilling stations
• Performance based on km travelled and not on pass/km
carried
• Lack of terminal interchanges
• Operates with buses with one door
14
Integrated Transport Master Plan
• Master plan prepared in 2004
• A legal document, adopted by the parliament
• Fragmented institutions and decision making
process
• Fragmented Implementation: a “piece meal’’
approach
• Lack of coordination between the main
players
• Lack of enforcement
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First: Institutional accountability
Establishment of a Unified Metropolitan Transport
Authority for Jabodetabek (including commuter trains)
- Clear role and responsibilities
- Autonomous and empowered body
- Highly qualified staff who will enter in a performance
agreement contract with a board of representatives
Prior action:
• Identification of needs for consolidation, modification, or adjustment
in the functions of other existing institutions/organizations to ensure
full and comprehensive functioning of the new and well represented
Transport Authority.
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Strategic Planning
Policy Formulation
Capital Financing
Long term investments
MV Act functions
Driver licensing
Vehicle registration
Issue of permits
Fare fixation
Strategic Functions
Planning functions
Network and route design
Demand assessment
Service planning
Inter-modal coordination
Procurement & Contracting
Contract monitoring
Regulation
Provisioning
Operations
Common Facilities
Depots and terminals
Passenger Information
Common ticketing
Data Management
Dispute resolution
Metro
Bus
Other
mode
s
Separate Services
Para Transit/Trains
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Jabodetabek Transportation Authority (I)
Role:
• to oversee all transportation issues in Jabodetabek
area (i.e. London, Vancouver and Singapore)
Legal status:
• The Jabodetabek Transportation Authority (JTA) is
established as an independent public corporation,
which has main accountability to the public, not only to
the central or sub-national governments.
• The authority would be endorsed by either presidential
decree or government law to stand as an independent
public corporation.
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Jabodetabek Transportation Authority (II)
Responsibilities:
• formulate regional transportation policy,
• formulate integrated transportation planning, including road network
development, railway (BRT, MRT, Feeders and walkways) development,
traffic management and public transportation system management, PT
interchange stations
• regulate public transport services, such as TransJakarta, MRT, Trains…
• issue licenses and control public transportation with bus route license,
public transport business license, bus terminal development permission,
• support development of inter-Kota or inter-Kabupaten highway network,
• implement the integrated transportation planning and programs,
• carry out traffic management measures, such as road pricing and park and
bus ride.
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Jabodetabek Transportation Authority (III)
Funding:
• The Authority would be operated by the revenue
from vehicle license fees, parking fees and
surcharge on fuel tax and financial contribution or
subsidy from DKI Jakarta and the relevant local
governments.
• As an independent corporation, however, its
primary task is to be financially sovereign and it
should be underlined that a disclosure of financial
status is one of the most important aspects to
secure its position as a public corporation offering
public services to users in the region.
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Priority actions (I)
As a first step, establish an empowered body to define,
drive, coordinate, prepare and implement a
comprehensive and integrated transport action plan
for the Jabodetabek region including through:
Review of public transport route planning and
licensing (e.g. Mini-buses, Bajaj…) to better reflect
travel demand
Bringing order in the informal sector
Improving enforcement of technical control of
vehicles (e.g. emissions, etc)
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Priority actions (II)
• Integrated Public Transport System:
– Maintain TransJakarta as the backbone of an
integrated Public Transport System: First: Optimise
its potential (from corridor to network system)
– establish an integrated and seamless public transport
system that covers the entire city - through
interchanges, fare systems and institutions
– establish multi-modal trunk and feeder systems that
provide easy movement across the city
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Priority actions (III)
• Fiscal policy:
– Rationalize access to vehicle and motorcycle
ownership (Increase vehicle taxes and annual
license fees)
– Rationalise usage of personal vehicles: Phasing out
fuel subsidy
– Develop a parking policy and a parking master plan
that promotes use of public transport and
discourages use of personal vehicles
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ROAD MAP - TRANSJAKARTA
2010
• Institution: BLUD
2011
• Institution: BUMD
• Increase flat fare
2012
• Institution: BUMD
• Integrated
2013 - 2014
• Institution: BUMD
• Preparation for
2015
• Institution: BUMD
• Operate new
Penuh
• Remove economic become
ticketing system
new corridor 13,
corridor 13, 14 &
/ morning fare
Rp.5.000,-.
operated in all
14 & 15, (i.e.
15.
(Rp.2.000), only flat • Fleet
corridor
operators
• Continuous
fare Rp.3.500,management &
• Ticketing system
procurement,
improvement
• Operate new &
control system
integration with
construct bus way, • Integration with
Varian route
operated
feeder & other
ramp, shelter and
MRT
• The Beginning of
• Integration with
modes
others supporting
• Services
Transformation
feeder
• Operate new
infrastructure.
integration
• Preparation for
corridor, 11 & 12. • Flat fare
(feeder ,
new corridor, 11 & • Review integration increased, fare
MRT)
12.
plan with Mass
adjustment
• Ticketing
• Replace single
Rapid Transit
implemented.
integration
busses in
(MRT).
• Access
corridor 1 with
integration
articulated
busses.
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Terima Kasih
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