Name: ____________________________________Period:_________Date:____________
Bio I - Unit 2, Part 2 Study Guide
Answer with as much detail as possible. Use your notebook as a reference.
1. How is energy retrieved by most all organisms? ____________________________________________
2. Which molecule is used by living things to store and transfer energy? ________________
3. What are the parts of an ATP molecule?
A = ____________________________________
B= _____________________________________
C = ____________________________________
4.
Write the equation that shows how ADP is
changed into ATP.
5. What is the enzyme called that facilitates the removal of the third phosphate group from ATP?
6. What are the suffixes of sugars? Enzymes?
7. Explain what about an enzyme’s structure allows for substrate specificity.
8. What are enzymes?
9. How do enzymes catalyze reactions?
10. Describe the factors that affect enzyme activity.
11. What is cellular respiration?
12. What is aerobic respiration?
13. What is anaerobic respiration?
14. Typically, what are the three stages of cell respiration?
15. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
16. Label the reactants and produces in the above equation.
17. What is the relationship between the inputs and outputs of
photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Type of energy:
______
18. Some organisms live in places that do not receive sunlight;
instead of photosynthesis they utilize a process called
chemosynthesis (using chemicals in their environment to
make organic molecules such as glucose). Is the cycle
shown to the right still relevant even though sunlight is not
available? Label the energy conversion of each process.
19. Glycolysis:
a. Where does it take place in the cell?
b. Anaerobic or aerobic?
c.
What happens during the process? Identify the inputs and outputs.
d. How many ATP are gained by the cell?
e.
Can organisms survive using only glycolysis? Explain.
20. Krebs Cycle:
a.
Where does it take place in the cell?
b. Anaerobic or aerobic?
c.
What happens during the process? Identify the inputs and outputs.
d. Explain why two turns of the Krebs cycle are needed for each molecule of glucose.
e.
How many ATP are gained by the cell?
Type of energy:
______
21. Electron Transport Chain:
a.
Where does it take place in the cell? What is the advantage of having a folded cristae?
b. Anaerobic or aerobic?
c.
What is the purpose of the oxygen in this stage?
d. What happens during the process? Identify the inputs and outputs.
e.
How many ATP are gained by the cell?
22. What is the maximum number of ATP molecules that can be produced during the aerobic respiration?
23. How efficient is cellular aerobic respiration?
24. When you exhale onto a cold window pane, water vapor in your breath condenses on the glass. Where does
the water vapor come from?
25. Assume that a new species of organism has been discovered. Scientists have observed its cells under a
microscope and determined that they lack mitochondria. What type of cellular respiration would you
predict that the new species uses? Explain your prediction.
26. Why is fermentation necessary for some organisms?
27. Lactic Acid Fermentation – What are the inputs, outputs, and organisms that use it? How does it affect us?
28. Alcoholic Fermentation – What are the inputs, outputs, and organisms that use it? How does it benefit us?
29. Tanya is on the high school track team and runs the 100-meter sprint. Marissa is on the cross-country
team and runs 5-kilometer races (3.2 miles). Explain which type of respiration the muscle cells in each
runner’s legs use.
30. Explain why bread dough rises when it is set aside in a warm place.
Complete the diagram below.