ENERGY EFFICIENT
IMPROVEMENT OPPORTUNITIES
IN ICT
- Evidence from the SusteIT
Project
Peter James
University of Bradford
ABOUT US
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1998 – Co-founded world’s first NGO on GreenIT
EU Expert Advisors/Project Managers on ICT &
Energy Efficiency; Environmental Technology
Higher Education Environmental Performance
Improvement (HEEPI)
- www.goodcampus.org
SusteIT
- guidance, networking, publications etc
- conferencing, low carbon data centres, storage
- footprinting, comparison tools
- monthly newsletter
DRIVERS
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Direct
- regulations
- stakeholder pressures
- performance
- financial
Building
Certificates
– DEC; EPC
Building
Regulations
Inspection
- Cooling
Climate
Change
Act
Renewable &
Low Carbon
Requirements
Procurement
- Quick Wins
Emission
Trading
Scheme
Carbon
Reduction
Commitment
Key
Campus
Holistic – all
impacts
Energy &
Carbon only
Equipment/
Systems
Current
Future
Buildings
Inter-linked
Organisation
BREEAM
Higher
Education
Codes of
Conduct Data Centres
HE Funding
Requirements HEFCE/UUK
80% Carbon
HEFCW EMS
Environmental
Management
Systems
- EcoCampus
- 14001
U&C Climate
Commitment
for Scotland
Universities
That Count
Green
League
Table
Carbon
Trust
- HE CMP
- Standard
DRIVERS
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Direct
- regulations
- stakeholder pressures
- performance
- financial
Integrated improvement
- energy/environment one of many
- supporting the business case
- e.g. thin client
- e.g. virtualisation
THE DARK FOOTPRINT OF THE
KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
Heavy Burdens
PRODUCTION BURDENS
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A typical semiconductor facility:
- 591 million gallons DI water
- 5.2 million pounds of chemicals
- 8.8 million kwh of electricity
PC/LCD production
- 1,000+ hazardous substances
High energy materials
- 2.5 tonnes of rock
- for 1 gram of gold
THE DARK FOOTPRINT OF THE
KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
Heavy Burdens and ….
Steam Computers
SUSTEIT HE FINDINGS
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Sheffield
- £1 million + electricity bill
- 47% desktop related
HE sector wide
- 760,000 PCs
- 215,000 servers
- 147,000 networked printers
- £60 million + energy bill
- 35/40% data centres/HPC
NHS ICT
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Carbon footprint England
- 18 million tonnes (25%
public sector)
- Procurement (Embedded)
60%
- Building Energy 22%
- Travel 18%
ICT
- 15% Building energy?
- 5% Embedded energy?
GOVERNMENT CIO ADVICE - 1
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Remove active screensavers
Switch Monitor to Standby
Shut down PCs OoH
Active power management
Re-use, re-cycle or green disposal
Low power CPU & high efficiency PSU
Thin client
Timer switches for non networks devices
Set default “green”print settings
GOVERNMENT CIO ADVICE -2
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Optimise printer power saving
Printer consolidation
Device consolidation
Server Optimisation
Reduce data centre cooling
Decommission redundant devices
Ensure re-use of serviceable equipment
Data Centre Audit
DESKTOP OPTIONS
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High efficiency models
Laptops/docking stations
Notebooks & hand held
Small form devices
Multi-seat devices
Virtualised desktops
DATA CENTRE OPPORTUNITIES 2010
- Adapted from EPA Original
Power efficiency/management
Consolidation/Virtualisation
Tiered/high efficiency storage
Power
Conversion &
Distribution
High voltage distribution
Use of DC power
Highly efficient UPS systems
Efficient redundancy strategies
Better air management
Free/efficient cooling
Innovative cooling
Load responsiveness
Server Load/
Computing
Operations
Alternative
Energy
Supply
Cooling
Equipment
On-site renewables
Waste heat for cooling
Fuel cells
Thermal storage
DATA CENTRE PUE
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Power Usage Effectiveness
- ratio of total energy (ie
servers + support) to server
energy
1990s centres 2.0 +
University of St Andrews 1.2
Cap Gemini, Swindon 1.08
Carbon PUEs below 1
(MORE) EFFICIENT
STORAGE OPTIONS
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Manage
- policies; deduplication
Optimise
- tiered storage
Replace
- more for less efficient devices
Extend
- cloud, shared services
HILLINGDON
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£26,500 power savings pa
from:
Storage management
- automated tiering
- ‘thin provisioning’
Storage energy efficiency
- less fibre channel
- more SATA
Virtualisation
- 94 production servers to 3
ICT BENEFITS – SMART 2020
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Benefits
- 15% cut in CO2 emissions by 2020
- $946 billion of cost savings
- 5:1 CO2 avoidance/creation ratio
Means
- smart grid
- intelligent buildings
- new ways of working
Hot & Cold Aisles
Free cooling
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Wall of 8 dry air coolers
Flow temps vary
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Fans modulate up to 600prm
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7C in winter = 100%FC
7-20C in Autumn
20C+ = no free cooling
Discharge into plantroom past standby generator to
provide background heat in winter. Free cooling for
over 80% of year.
High Efficiency UPS
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Eaton 9395 UPS
High efficiency double conversion mode
Variable Module Management &
Energy Saver Systems
UPS has highest efficiency when at full
capacity. Modular system is automatically
optimised.
Salix funded additional £32,452 with 1.8yr
payback
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