CANADA
What do you remember?
Who or what are the following?
Queen Elizabeth II –
Canada’s Head of State
Michaelle Jean –
Canada Governor-General
Sir John A.
Macdonald –
Canada’s 1st PM
Stephane Dion –
Leader of the Official
Opposition
Dalton McGuinty –
Stephen Harper –
Current PM of Canada
Current Ontario Premier
A Mountie!
Lacrosse: Canada’s
Other National Sport…
The Bluenose
Why are
symbols
important in any
nation?
What battle took place in Canada
in 1759?
• The Plains of Abraham
• Where did this battle
occur?
• Quebec City
• What 2 nations
fought in this
battle?
• Why did they
fight?
• It was part of
the 7 Years
War (1756-63) –
they were
fighting to
expand their
colonial
empires
• Who was the
British general?
• James Wolfe
• Who was the
French general?
• Marquis de
Montcalm
• Who won?
• What makes this battle important, even
in 20th century Canadian history?
• When the British defeated the French,
the colony of New France came under
British control…
• New France  British North America!
• This Conquest was completed in 1760
• Most of the settlers – the habitants –
spoke French though…but over time,
more English-speaking immigrants
came over, esp. from the new United
States (the Loyalists - ?)
• So Canada has had bicultural and
bilingual issues right from the start…
Lord Durham –
Quebec Act –
Created by G.B., to allow Quebec
to maintain its French-Catholic
culture - ?
- A Br. Politician who thought
The French should be assimilated
into English culture …
- French Canada resolved to protect
itself = La Survivance!
What major event took place in
Canada in 1867?
• Confederation
• What was it?
• The Dominion of
Canada was created
– Canada gained
sovereignty, or
partial
independence from
G.B.
Canada On July 1, 1867
• Why did this happen?
• The “Fathers of
Confederation”
thought it would be a
good idea b/c…
– They feared the U.S - ?
• Post-Civil War –
American military
might…
• Manifest Destiny…
– Wanted to promote
unity and trade w/in
Canada
Come to your
genuine
poppy!
Gracious, my
own child
doesn’t
recognize me!
Don’t it
recognize its
own daddy?
• Why did the British allow
this to happen?
• Canada had been moving
towards Responsible
Government for 20+ yrs
• Queen Victoria favoured it
• Canada was no longer a
money maker… - ?
• Br. had more profitable
colonies, namely India - ?
• So the 1st 4 provinces came together –
Ontario, Quebec, N.S., and N.B. – and
Canada became a nation
• Canada took charge of internal affairs, and
G.B. controlled our foreign policy (= partial
sovereingty)
• The first PM =
• Other provinces joined…as
Canada pushed to the west
and east…
• 1870 – Manitoba – who
lived there?
• Many French-speaking
Metis – they feared the
expansion of the new
nation into their territory,
so…
• Red River Rebellion
• Who emerged as their
leader?
• Louis Riel…
Riel…
• What was his role in 19th century Canada?
• When the rebellion ended and Manitoba
became the 5th province, Riel was elected as
an MP…but a mob in Ottawa prevented him
from taking his seat in Parliament
• He retreated to Quebec and ended up in an
insane asylum
• He later returned to western Canada, where
he led a 2nd Northwest Rebellion, this time in
Saskatchewan
• Riel’s forces were
defeated b/c:
– “Mac” sent the NWMP to
defeat Riel’s forces using
the new railroad
– The Native Peoples decided
not to support Riel
– Riel had become obsessed
w/ religion and thought he
was on a divine mission to
save the Metis people (he
prayed endlessly, went into
battle w/ a cross…)
– The Metis were more
interested in their rights, not
religion
Riel’s Trial
• What was the charge?
• High Treason (it was an old British crime that
allowed “Mac” to use the death penalty…)
• The trial was supposed to be held in
Manitoba, but that could have meant a Metis
jury - ?
• So “Mac” had it moved to Regina – the jury
was made up of 6 men (only one spoke
French)
• Riel’s lawyers tried to use an insanity
defense - ?
• Riel refused the defense
and insisted on speaking
himself
• The jury judged him
competent and found him
guilty
• The judge imposed the
death penalty
• This caused riots, esp. in
Quebec
• “Mac” decided to hang Riel
anyway…the news spread
quickly, and this caused
more uproar in Quebec,
where Riel was seen as a
martyr
What is being shown in the picture
below?
Provinces are shown by numbers
Capital Cities are shown by capital letters
You’ll also need to know the 5 Great Lakes,
the 3 surrounding oceans, and the
St. Lawrence River! Write those in yourself.
1
A
J
13
12
B
11
7
K
I
C
2
10
4
H
9
3
G
5
N
D
F
E
L
8
6
M
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
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____________
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A. ____________
B. ____________
C. ____________
D. ____________
E. ____________
F. ____________
G. ____________
H. ____________
I. ____________
J. ____________
K. ____________
L. ____________
M. ____________
N. ____________
Don’t forget
to add the
bodies of
water!