Logistics Tran Van Hoai Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering HCMC University of Technology 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 1 Outline • What is logistics ? – As a part of supply-chain • Systems and total cost approaches • Logistical relationships with a firm • Activities in the logistical channel 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 2 Economic impacts Year Inventory carrying costs Transporta Administrativ tion costs e costs Total US logistics costs Logistics as a percentage of GDP 1980 220 214 17 451 1985 227 274 20 521 16.1 12.4 11.4 12th Annual State of Logistics Report, 2001 mainly contributes to explosive growth 1960 - (60% GDP 31 increase) 44 of Ireland’s 3 78 economy 14.7in 1965 38 mid-64 and late-4 1990s106 14.7 56 91 6 153 -1970 15-20% GDP of Vietnam (~12billions USD14.7 2010, 1975 97 116 9 222 13.5 source: Vietstock.vn) 351 25 659 Strong 283 macro-level economic impacts 1990 1995 302 441 30 773 10.4 2000 377 590 39 1006 10.1 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 3 Impacts to individual customer Economic utility Possession utility Form utility Place utility Time utility • A student uses online service to order Valentine’s Day flowers for his out-of-country girlfriend – Possession utility: service provides secured payment by credit card – Form utility: service provides correct bouquet – Place utility: bouquet arrives at girlfriend’s residence – Time utility: on Valentine’s Day 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 4 What is logistics ? • It has been referred by many terms • Different organizations may have different definition of logistics – Business logistics st organization: • 1 – Distribution Logistics is a part of supply chain process that plans, transportation & – Industrial distribution implements, and controls the efficient, effective forward inventory management Logisticsflow and storage of goods, and –reverse services, and • 2nd organization: – Logistics management related information between point transportation, of origin and point of – Materials management inventory management consumption in order to meet customers’ requirements – Supply chain & warehousing (Council of Logistics Management) management –… 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 5 Supply chain configurations (1) Supplier Organization Customer Direct Supply Chain 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 6 Supply chain configurations (2) Supplier’s supplier Supplier’s supplier Customer’s customer Organization Customer Extended Supply Chain 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 7 Supply chain configurations (3) Ultimate customer Ultimate supplier Market research firm Financial provider Supplier’s supplier Organization Ultimate Supply Chain 2010-2011 Customer 3rd party logistics supplier Tran Van Hoai 8 Supply chain management A supply chain management is as systemic, strategic coordination of traditional business functions and tactics across these business functions within a particular and across businesses in the supply chain, for the purposes of improving long-term performance of individual companies and supply chain as a whole (Mentzer et al, 2001) 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 9 Supply-Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) SCOR process Definition Plan Balancing demand & supply to develop actions which best meets requirements Procuring goods & services to meet planned or actual demand Transforming product to finished state to meet planned or actual demand Providing finished goods & services to meet planned or actual demand Returning & receiving returned products for any reason Source Make Deliver Return 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 10 Increased importance of logistics • A reduction in economic regulation – Tailored logistics approach to meet different specific service levels • Technological advances – Computer – Internet • Growing power of retailers • Globalization of trade – $200billions in 1970 -> $7.7trililions in 2000 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 11 Logistical relationships within firm FINANCE MARKETING PRODUCTION Systems approachLOGISTICS and total cost approach should be applied to logistics 2010-2011 Tran Van Hoai 12 Activities in logistical channel • Customer service • Facility location decisions • Inventory management • Order management • Production scheduling • Returned products • Transportation management 2010-2011 • • • • Demand forecasting Industrial packaging Materials handling Parts and service support • Procurement • Salvage and scrap disposal • Warehousing management Tran Van Hoai 13