Name:
Period:
Cold War Review and Expansion
Misercola
Cold War Basics
Definition: hostility between nations ____________________ armed conflict.
Importance: from 1945-1991 the United States and the Soviet Union distrusted and hated each other.
The basic disagreement was _______________________ vs __________________________. As a result
the two nations competed in a number of ways including the Space Race, education, even war.
What do people in Democracies value?
What do people in Communist nations have to give up?
Why are people willing to give this up?
Containment
The United States passed several measures to ensure the “_______________________” of communism
inside the iron curtain.
Truman Doctrine- “it must be the policy of the US to support free people who are resisting subjugation
by armed minorities or by outside pressures [USSR]”
Marshall Plan- Use _______________________ aid to combat the appeal of communism- billions spent
By providing _____________________ __________________ and financial aid to rebuild, communist
influences are reduced
Democratic Capitalism vs Communist Socialism
The United States is ______________________ and trades for goods throughout the world. However,
Communist countries don’t trade goods with other nations. Therefore, the US tries to prevent other
nations from falling to communism, because it would __________________ _________________
partners.
Cold War Competition
The Cold War created huge competition between the US and USSR in a number of ways including:
-_________ Race
-Arms Race
-______________
-Berlin
-Israel and ________ nations
-Wars
Space Race
During the Cold War, the Soviet Union and the USA were in constant competition including a rush to
enter ______________. The Soviets won the satellite race when they launched an unmanned satellite,
____________________, into Space. The Soviets also had the first man in space. But it was the
Americans who landed the first man on the moon, an accomplishment that embarrassed the
__________________ and encouraged the Americans.
Name:
Period:
Cold War Review and Expansion
Misercola
Arms Race
One of the scariest aspects of the Cold War was the ______________ race. Each side wanted to be able
to withstand an attack by the other. However, by 1953 both sides had the ability to destroy the other
with a ________________________ Bomb. We refer to this as ________________.
The Cold War prompted alliances between Democratic Nations and between Communist Nations. The
Democracies created NATO and the Communists began the Warsaw Pact.
Alliances
The Cold War prompted alliances between _____________________ Nations and between
___________________ Nations. The Democracies created ______________ and the Communists began
the ________________ Pact.
Berlin Blockade
Berlin was split into _____ zones of occupation after WWII, 3 were democratic and one Communist. The
entire area was surrounded by ___________________ East Germany.
However, many people were escaping communism by fleeing into _____________ ______________. To
prevent this, the Soviets shut down all ____________________ into and out of West Berlin. In response,
the Americans airlifted supplies to prevent a _____________________ takeover.
Berlin Wall
After the Berlin Blockade failed, the Soviets allowed _______________ forces to send supplies into West
Berlin. In 1961 the Soviets began to construct a wall around West Berlin, again separating it from
Communist East Germany. The wall stood from 1961-1989
The goal was to stop the flow of ___________________ trying to escape communist nations for
democracies.
Israel vs Palestine
After WWII, the Democratic nations set up a _______________ nation in Israel with the
________________ Declaration. This decision took land away from _________________ Arabs already
living on the land and has created long lasting conflict. The Democratic nations aligned with Israel, while
the _____________________ aligned with the Palestinian
Wars
The United States tried to keep Communism from spreading through the policy of
______________________. However, sometimes _______________ wasn’t enough to prevent this
spread, so the US turned to _________ to stop communism from spreading.
Conflict occurred mostly in Korea, Vietnam, Afghanistan and Cuba.
Name:
Period:
Cold War Review and Expansion
Misercola
Korean War
Date:
1950-1953
Location:
Korean Peninsula and ________Parallel
Important
People:
Kim Il Sung- _________________ dictator
Summary:
Korea had been a Japanese colony but was freed after WWII. The North was occupied by
the Soviets and the South by the Americans. After the US left, the North invaded the
South to spread ____________________. War ended with a ____________________
and ceasefire.
th
Big Deal:
Korea remains divided along the ____________ (demilitarized Zone) on the 38 Parallel.
The North harbors a grudge against the US for our involvement in the war.
Vietnam War
Domino Theory-
Date:
1955-1975 (fighting mostly in _________________-)
Location:
Vietnam
Important People:
Ho Chi Minh and _____________ ____________
Summary:
Vietnam was a French Colony, but the French lost control. They asked ________
for help, and the US agreed to help. The North, led by Ho Chi Minh was
communist, while the south was Democratic. The War involved years of
________________ Warfare and massive bombings
Big Deal:
Vietnamese viewed the war as __________________ vs _________________,
while the US looked at it as containment against the Domino Theory.
Name:
Period:
Cold War Review and Expansion
Misercola
Afghanistan
Date:
1979-1989
Location:
Afghanistan
Important
People:
________________________- (guerilla Muslim Fighters)
Summary:
In 1979 the Soviets invaded Afghanistan to gain control over its __________________,
primarily oil reserves. The Soviets quickly gained control of the cities, but the rural areas
were controlled by the Mujahedin. In 1989 the Soviets finally left
Big Deal:
The Americans supplied the Mujahedin with military supplies and ___________________.
After the Soviets left the Mujahedin became the _______________, which later used the
same American weapons against _____________________ troops.
The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cubans turned to communism after Fidel ________________ took over. The Soviets offered help to
Cuba in exchange for land for ___________________. Once the Americans learned of the Missiles an
__________________ was imposed on the Island.
This was the closest the world came to ___________, or nuclear war.
Cold War- Cuba 1962
Limited Test Ban Treaty
Both sides agree to ban testing nukes above ____________- saves the world from ______________
debris
Japan
After WWII Japan was _____________________ by American Forces. These forces helped Japan develop
into a world power. Soon Japan’s industry propelled it to a world power. With America’s help, the
Japanese became a leading ________________ super house.
Japan also created a parliamentary democracy and _________________ economy. After the atomic
bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Japanese have a ____________________ view and avoid conflict
when possible.
Soviet Leaders
There are several major Soviet Union leaders to know:
-Vladimir Lenin
-Joseph Stalin
-Nikita Khrushchev
-Mikhail Gorbechev
Name:
Period:
Cold War Review and Expansion
Misercola
Vladimir Lenin
During WWI Lenin led the Communist Revolution in Russia, creating the Soviet Union (__________).
Lenin and his _____________________ instituted Communism by gaining the public’s support with the
slogan _____________, ____________ and ______________.
Joseph Stalin
Stalin took over after Lenin and created a system of strict _________________. Stalin was a very strict
leader, and also worried about a coup. He ruled ruthlessly, killing all dissenters during his ___________
_________________. Stalin created 5 year plans to increase industry and production.
Nikita Khrushchev
Khrushchev led the Soviet Union during the ____________________ Missile
Crisis, but used __________________ to prevent nuclear war. Together with
America’s John F. Kennedy, Khrushchev began talks to limit nuclear
________________________.
Proliferation-
Mikhail Gorbechev
In the 1980’s the Soviet Union was beginning to crumble despite __________________. To help prevent
a total collapse, Gorbechev introduced two reforms: Glasnost and Perestroika. These reforms failed and
the Soviet Union officially collapsed in __________
Glasnost-
Perestroika-
Détente-
Russia the Democracy
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia became a ________________. The first President, Boris
________________, struggled to make Russia prosperous. Today, the Russian President, Vladimir
____________ holds nearly as much power as a ___________________.