FOCUS
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Quiz on the Articles of Confederation and the US Constitution!
• 3.2
• 1) Frayer model
• 2) Think Pair Share (weakest/articles)
• 3) Cause and effect (Shay’s Rebellion)
• 4) Twitter
• 5) Summary
• 3.3
• 6) Activating = list of weaknesses
• 7) Frayer
• 8) event summary
• 9) Twitter
• 10) Summary
Unit 3: Political and Economic
Conflict
Lesson 3.4: Washington and
Congress
Activating
List as many of the
“freedoms”
guaranteed in the Bill
of Rights as you can.
What is the historical
significance of the Bill
of Rights?
Frayer / Precedence
WASHINGTON AND
CONGRESS
SETTING THE STAGE
• President Washington and the First Congress had to decide how to
make the new government function effectively. The conflicting
philosophies of Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton became
the basis for two new political parties.
CREATING A NEW
GOVERNMENT
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Washington’s task, and the task of congress, was to turn the words of the constitution
into effective government
In 1789 congress created:
Department of State = Thomas Jefferson
Department of Treasury = Alexander Hamilton
Department of War =Henry Knox
The office of the Attorney General = Edmund Randolph
These men became to be known as the Cabinet, a group of advisors to the president.
Washington met regularly w/ cabinent…setting a precedent for future presidents!
Congress also passed the Judiciary Act of 1789 established 13 district courts, 3
Courts of Appeal, and the Supreme Court.
FINANCING THE GOVERNMENT
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Government must have money to operate!
James Madison’s plan = Tariff of 1789 = angered southerners (the beginning of a lot
of hate)
Hamilton believed the government must be able to borrow money and tax= creditors,
bankers, and merchants would have a stake in success of government= North
prospers again
Debate raged between north and south leads to compromise =
Hamiltons plan passes
Capital moves from New York City to District of Columbia in south
AP 1: Think Pair Share
• Why does Hamilton believe the
government must be able to borrow
money?
THE BANK OF THE UNITED STATES
• Hamilton argues the need for a bank to manage its debts and
interest payments
• Bank would also issue paper money to promote trade and
investment
• Washington realized his decision would set another precedent = is
this constitutional?
• Hamilton argues the “necessary and proper” clause of us
constitution leads to implied powers (loose interpretation)
• Jefferson argued for enumerated powers = if its not stated, you cant
do it! (Strict interpretation)
Venn : Loose vs Strict
Interpretation
AP 2
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eN2QV
W1Wh84
• Twitter Post
• In 140 characters or less, explain the
difference of opinion regarding
government between Hamilton and
Jefferson.
THE WHISKEY REBELLION
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Hamilton also believed the federal government must impose direct taxes
In 1791 congress imposed a tax on whiskey = enraged western farmers.
Whiskey rebellion erupts in western pa in 1794
They terrorized tax collectors, stopped courts, and robbed the mail.
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Washington sends in 15,000 federal troops to crush rebellion = another precedent
THE RISE OF POLTICAL PARTIES
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Nations first political parties develop over differing views on role of
government.
Hamilton and Federalists = strong national government =
Democracy dangerous, power should be in hands of wealthy elite
Manufacturing and trade at basis of national wealth and power
Jefferson and the (Democratic) Republicans =
Strength of nation based on farmers (agrarianism)
All about rights of ordinary people, distrusted wealthy
AP 3: Venn Diagram /
Federalists vs Democratic
Republicans
PRIMARY SOURCE: FUNDING
THE GOVERNMENT
• Read “Funding The Government On
Pages 156-157.
• Why Did Hamilton Want To Establish
Credit For The New Nation?
• Why Did Jefferson Argue Against The
National Bank?
READ “PEOPLE IN HISTORY” ON PAGES 158159. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
IN YOUR NOTES:
• How Did Alexander
Hamilton Contribute To
The Formation Of The Us
Government?
• What Was Jefferson’s
Vision For The Nation?
Learning Log
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Summarize In Your Journal What You Have Learned Today By Referencing
The Following Questions:
What Actions Of The New Federal Government Started And Ended The
Whiskey Rebellion?
Who Was The Main Leader Of Each Of The New American Political
Parties?
How Did Jefferson And Hamilton Disagree With One Another In Regard To
The Creation Of A National Bank?
What Are The Main Differences B/W The Federalists And The Republicans?
What examples Did Washington Set As The President Of The United
States?