Security Issues, Ethics, and
Emerging Technologies in
Education
Chapter 8
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Computer Security:
Risks and Safeguards
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Computer security risk - Any event or
action that has the potential of causing a
loss of computer equipment, software,
data and information, or processing
capability
Computer Viruses
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New virus programs found every day
Boot sector virus
File virus
Worm
Trojan horse
Macro virus
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Signs of a Virus Infection
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Computer Security:
Risks and Safeguards
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Computer Viruses
• Logic bomb
• Time bomb
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Michelangelo virus
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Computer Security:
Risks and Safeguards
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Virus Detection
and Removal
• Antivirus programs
• Popular antivirus
programs
• Many options to
using antivirus
software
• Rescue disk
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Computer Security:
Risks and Safeguards
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Unauthorized
Access and Use
• Crackers and
hackers
• Access controls
 Identification
 Authentication
• Selecting a
password
• Protecting your
password
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Computer Security:
Risks and Safeguards
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Firewall
• A security system consisting of
hardware and/or software that prevents
unauthorized access to data and
information on a network
• Proxy server
• Personal firewall
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Hardware Theft
and Vandalism
• Cable lock devices
• Portable equipment
warrants special
considerations
• Computer
vandalism
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Cutting cables
Deleting software
Smashing computer
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Computer Security:
Risks and Safeguards
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Software Theft
• Software piracy
• Software license
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Single-user license
Product activation
Shareware and
freeware
Site license
Network site license
Community site
license
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Computer Security:
Risks and Safeguards
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System Failure
• Undervoltage
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Brownout
Blackout
• Overvoltage
(powersurge)
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Spike
• Surge protector
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Surge protector with
phone line protection
• Uninterruptible
power supply (UPS)
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Computer Security:
Risks and Safeguards
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Backup Procedures
• Backup
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Duplicate of a file, program, or disk that
may be used if the original is lost, damaged,
or destroyed
Backup procedures policies in schools and
school districts
Backup programs
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Ethics and the Information Age
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Computer ethics
• Moral guidelines that govern the use of
computers, networks, and information
systems
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Ethics and the Information Age
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Phishing
• Email attempting to obtain personal and
financial information
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Spam
• An unsolicited e-mail mess or newsgroup
posting sent to many recipients or newsgroups
at once
• Average user receives more than 1,000 spam
e-mail messages each year
• Anti-spam campaigns
• Anti-spam program
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Ethics and the Information Age
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Privacy Laws
• Business or government agencies
should only collect information
necessary to carry out their functions
• Restrict data access to those who must
use it to perform job duties
• Release personal information only after
agreement to disclosure by individual
• Must inform the individual when
collecting information
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Ethics and the Information Age
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Employee and Student Monitoring
• Use of computers to observe, record,
view, and review an individual’s use of a
computer
• Policies of computer use
• Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)
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Ethics and the Information Age
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Copyright Laws
• Copyright Act of 1976
• Illegal copying
• Fair use
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Copyright information on Web pages
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Ethics and the Information Age
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Copyright Laws
• Teacher and student
Web pages
 Copyright laws do
protect these pages
 Public domain Web
sites
 CD-ROM with
images, graphics,
audio, and video
clips
 Guidelines for
creating Web pages
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Internet Ethics
and Objectionable Materials
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Three categories of objectionable
material
• Pornographic material
• Racist literature, gambling
• Incorrect or inappropriate material
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Inaccurate information
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Internet Ethics
and Objectionable Materials
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Recent Government Actions
• Dot Kids Implementation and Efficiency
Act
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Every site designated .kids will be a safe
zone for children
• Children’s Internet Protection Act
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Protects children from obscene,
pornographic, and other information
considered to be harmful to minors
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Internet Ethics
and Objectionable Materials
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Parental Controls
• Rating systems
 ICRA
• Filtering software programs
• Check Internet browser’s history
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Internet Ethics
and Objectionable Materials
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Educational Controls
• Acceptable Use Policies (AUP)
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Use of network is a privilege, not a right
Behave as if you are a guest on the Internet
Rules concerning objectionable sites
Rules concerning copyright issues
Outline proper use of equipment
Online safety and personal information
Consequences of violating rules
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Internet Ethics
and Objectionable Materials
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Educational Controls
• Curriculum pages
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Acts as guides for students
Sites are pre-evaluated by teachers
Eliminates typing mistakes when typing URLs
• Teacher observation
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Final measure to prevent students from accessing
objectionable and inappropriate materials
Instruct students on use of Back button on the
browser
Understanding of ethical concepts
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Health Issues
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Computers and Health Issues
• Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD)
• Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)
• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
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Hand Exercises
• Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS)
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Techniques to ease eyestrain
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Health Issues
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Ergonomics
• An applied science devoted to
incorporating comfort, efficiency, and
safety into the design of items in the
workplace
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Emerging Technologies
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The Web offers enormous potential
for expanding the classroom
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Emerging Technologies
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The World Wide Web
• Most K-12 schools are on the Internet
• The federal government is committed to
high-speed Internet access in every
classroom
• Speed will increase
• Full-motion video on demand
• Instant access to Web-based
educational programs
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Emerging Technologies
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Educational Software on DVD
• Information, graphics, animations,
video, and interactive links
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Emerging Technologies
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Assistive
Technologies
• Technologies that
modify or adapt the
classroom for
special learning
needs
• Individuals with
Disabilities Act
(IDEA) Amendment
of 1997
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Emerging Technologies
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Federal Accessibility Initiative
• Technology should be available to people
with disabilities
• Section 508
• WebXACT
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Text equivalents for all non-text elements
Summaries of graphs and charts
All information displayed in color available
without color
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Emerging Technologies
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Web- and Video-Enhanced Digital
Textbooks
• Web site is continuously updated and
maintained
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Web-Based Distance Learning
• All instruction provided via the Web
• Still evolving
• Useful for specialized classes not
available in all schools
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Florida Virtual School
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Emerging Technologies
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A World Without Wires
• Allows teachers and students to connect to
a truly global network
• Wireless computers will ensure that
educational technology is used seamlessly
and at the point of instruction
• Small, inexpensive computers ensure that
all children have access to their lessons
and the World from both home and school
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Reference
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This PowerPoint is an abbreviated
version of the one provided for this
class by the textbook publisher
Thomson Course Technology.
Thomson Course Technology