Gonad Glands
(testes & ovaries)
Bradley Chatterton, Kyra Mackesy, Emily Egazarian, Allison Lee and Erin Pak
Pd.2
Role & Function
• The production of steroid hormones.
Role and Function
• Organs that make gametes
• Gonads in males are the testes
• Gonads in females are the
ovaries
• Gametes are haploid germ
cells.
• In males they are
spermatozoon and in the
females they are the egg cells.
Location
• FEMALE
• MALE
• Ovaries are on both sides of the
uterus below the opening of
the fallopian tubes
• Testes hang in a pouch of skin
called a scrotum outside the
male body
Female Hormones
• Estrogen and Progesterone
• Steroid Hormone
• Controls the cyclic changes within the uterus
• Ripening and discharge of the egg to be fertilized
• Prepare the lining of the uterus to receive a fertilized egg
• This linings subsequent dismantling
*All the events that occur as part of every women’s menstrual cycle*
Male Hormone
• Testosterone
• Steroid Hormone
• Occurs in men
• Stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics
Disease #1
• DHT Deficiency
–
–
–
–
–
–
Dihydrotestosterone
Mutant gene inhibits the conversation of testosterone into DHT
Testes don’t descend into the scrotum
External genitalia is ambiguous
Internally male
Onset puberty  testosterone released
Disease #2
• Hypogonadism
– Occurs when your sex glands produce little or no sex hormones
– Sex hormones help control sex characteristics
– Breasts and testicle development and pubic hair growth
– Play a role in menstrual cycle and sperm production
In females:
- Loss of
menstruation
- Hot flashes
- Loss of body hair
In males:
- Breast enlargement
- Decreased body hair
- Muscle loss
- Sexual issues
Fun Facts
• Females are born with all the eggs they will ever have. Males don't
start to make sperm until puberty, and continue to make new
supplies their whole life.
• Andropause is male menopause. It is the result of a gradual drop in
testosterone.
• The testes hang away from the body in the scrotum because sperm
needs to be kept a few degrees cooler than body temperature to
function best.
Concept Check
• 1. The role of Gonads in males is to
A) make egg cells
B) make sperm cells
C) help with hair growth
D) protect organs
• 2. Name some symptoms of Hypogonadism in boys? In girls?
• 3. Name the hormones associated with gonad glands and which
gonad they are produced in?
Answers
•B
• Girls: loss of menstration, hot flashes, sexual issues
• Boys: breast enlargement, decreased body hair, muscle loss, sexual
issues
• Testosterone, estrogen and progesterone. Testes and ovaries.
Bibliography
• "Hypogonadism." Healthline. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.
<http://www.healthline.com/health/hypogonadism#Overview1>.
• "The Endocrine System: Gonads." Gonads. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Mar. 2015. <https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/childrenshospital/endocrinology/gonads.aspx>.
• http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/33/53333-004-8B9F7E2F.jpg
• http://www.testogain.com/images/gonads_testicle_ovary.jpg
• http://www.faqs.org/health-encyc/images/tnismhe_02_img0038.jpg
• http://www.pauerhome.com/ryan/endocrine_system/endocrine_system_diagrams/gonads_diagram.jpg
• http://www.medicalook.com/systems_images/Gonads_large.gif
• http://www.physoc.org.nz/assets/images/models/Fig1.png
• https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/the-endocrine-system-37/endocrineglands-214/pineal-gland-and-gonads-809-12047/
• http://f.tqn.com/y/biology/1/S/g/d/gonads.jpg