WHAT YOUR DOCTOR IS NOT TELLING YOU ABOUT YOUR Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 About the Factors Causing Heart Diseases and How to Avoid Them ......................................................... 13 High Blood Pressure ................................................................................................................................ 13 How to Combat High Blood Pressure ...................................................................................................... 16 Excessive Insulin ...................................................................................................................................... 23 How to Combat Excessive Insulin ............................................................................................................ 26 Emotional Stress ...................................................................................................................................... 30 How to Combat Emotional Stress ............................................................................................................ 32 Oxidative Stress ....................................................................................................................................... 45 How to Combat Oxidative Stress ............................................................................................................. 47 LDL Cholesterol ....................................................................................................................................... 69 How to combat LDL cholesterol .............................................................................................................. 72 Micro-organisms (viruses): Periodontal disease ...................................................................................... 76 How to Combat Gum Disease Infection .................................................................................................. 77 Menopause Hormones ............................................................................................................................ 79 How to combat menopause hormones and protect your heart.............................................................. 80 Trans fatty acids ...................................................................................................................................... 83 How to Combat Trans Fatty Acids ........................................................................................................... 86 Genetics .................................................................................................................................................. 89 How to detect and combat your genetic predisposition to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.. 92 Alternative healing practices: Grounding Techniques ................................................................................ 95 Final words ................................................................................................................................................ 102 2 Introduction Heart Disease is one of the world’s largest health problems today. It not only affects the wealthier nations, but it is also affecting the poorer ones. Heart Disease covers a wide range of health ailments relating specifically to the heart. The term Cardiovascular Disease includes a large number of diseases, which directly affect the heart and the blood vessel system. It especially affects the veins and arteries that lead to and from the heart. There are different types of heart diseases, including: Rheumatic heart disease Rheumatic fever is a condition that is a complication of untreated strep throat. Strep throat is caused by a group A streptococcal infection found in the throat. 3 Rheumatic fever can damage body tissues by causing them to swell, but its greatest danger lies in the damage it can do to your heart. More than half of the time, rheumatic fever leads to scarring of the heart’s valves. This scarring can narrow the valve and make it harder for the valve to open properly or to close completely. In turn, your heart has to work harder to pump blood to the rest of your body. This valve damage can lead to a condition called rheumatic heart disease, which, in time, can lead to congestive heart failure. Rheumatic fever is not an infection itself, rather the result of an untreated strep infection. When the body senses the strep infection, it sends antibodies to fight it. Sometimes, these antibodies attack the tissues of joints or the heart instead. If the antibodies attack the heart they can cause the heart valves to swell, which can lead to scarring of the valve “doors.” (The doors are called leaflets.) The scarred leaflets make it harder for the valve to either open or close properly, or both. 4 The symptoms of rheumatic fever usually begin 1 to 6 weeks after a strep infection. The symptoms are fever, joint pain or swelling in your wrists, elbows, knees, or ankles. Small bumps under the skin over elbows or knees (called nodules). Maybe a small raised red rash on the chest, back, or stomach, experience stomach pain or feeling less hungry. Hypertensive heart diseases As suggested by the name, the hypertensive heart diseases are caused by hypertension (or high blood pressure), which, in turn, may have been caused by various infections or other diseases. It is important to prevent the hypertensive heart disease, as it may and will damage the heart and the relating blood vessels. Common hypertensive heart diseases include: - aneurysm (protuberance affecting most often the aorta and preventing the blood flow properly to and from heart); 5 - atherosclerosis, characterized by deposits of fats, also known as plaques, thickening the arteries, and thus preventing blood from circulating properly and leading to strokes; Sometimes, the clot is called coronary thrombosis or coronary occlusion, since is often caused by rupturing or tearing of plaque in an artery. As a result, the damaged muscle cells die, leading to disability or death depending on the extent of the damage to the muscle. - Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD), affecting more than 12 million people in the United States alone, with severe consequences (amputation of the extremities, rupture of an aortic aneurysm, severe hypertension, kidney failure, but also heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular death), in which the arteries supply blood to the arteries outside the heart; 6 Ischemic heart disease Ischemia is a condition in which the blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted to a part of the body. Cardiac ischemia is the name for lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle. What is ischemic heart disease? It is the term given to heart problems caused by narrowed heart arteries. When arteries are narrowed, less blood and oxygen reach the heart muscle. This is also called coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary heart disease. This can ultimately lead to heart attack. Ischemia often causes chest pain or discomfort known as angina pectoris and atherosclerosis. What is silent ischemia? People who experience ischemia without pain have a heart condition known as silent ischemia. They may have a heart attack with no prior warning. People with angina also may 7 have undiagnosed episodes of silent ischemia. An exercise test or 24-hour portable monitors of the electrocardiogram (Holter monitor) are two tests often used to diagnose this problem. Other tests also may be use Cardiac ischemia refers to lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle. Cardiac ischemia happens when an artery becomes narrowed or blocked for a short time, preventing oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart. If ischemia is severe or lasts too long, it can cause a heart attack (myocardial infarction) and can lead to heart tissue death. In most cases, a temporary blood shortage to the heart causes the pain of angina pectoris. Silent ischemia may also disturb the heart's rhythm. Abnormal rhythms such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation may interfere with the heart's pumping ability and can even cause fainting or sudden cardiac death. 8 Silent ischemia has no symptoms. Researchers have found that if you have episodes of noticeable chest pain, you may also have episodes of silent ischemia. Cerebrovascular disease It can be caused by obesity, smoking, diabetes and sustained hypertension, which narrow the blood vessels leading to and from the heart to the brain. Thus, these thinned blood vessels are prone to ruptures and cause intracranial hemorrhage in the process. Usually, blood vessels tear and cause hemorrhage when the patient experiences sudden rising levels of his blood pressure. Cardiovascular diseases lead to atherosclerosis and strokes (impeding our sight, speech and even cause paralysis). Inflammatory heart disease Examples include: - atherosclerosis, 9 - cardiomyopathy: i.e., heart muscle diseases, caused as a result of the heart muscle being dilated or thickened; - pericardial disease: diseases affecting the pericardium, which represents the sac enclosing the heart. The pericardium can inflame, accumulate liquid or become stiff. - valvular heart disease, caused by the valves not closing properly, thinning or leaking. Any of these conditions can be congenital or acquired during our lifetime, due to radiation exposure, rheumatic fever, or any other infections. Heart failure Conducted research has suggested that women who suffer with cardiovascular disease usually suffer from forms that affect the blood vessels. While men usually suffer from forms that affect the heart muscle itself. Other known or associated causes of 10 cardiovascular disease include diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Heart diseases affect over five million people in the United States alone, and out of those five million, two and a half million people die within a few years after being diagnosed with heart disease. This leads to the conclusion that patients find out too late about their condition, and that is when the disease is at an advanced stage. Therefore, knowing exactly what can damage your heart and how you can prevent any heart condition is vital. 11 Today heart disease does not have to be a death sentence. There are healthy lifestyle choices that can be made and science has come a long way in the early detection of heart disease. People have always blamed and attributed high cholesterol levels to various heart diseases, but this is plain wrong. In the next chapter you will see that cholesterol is not the main lead, but in fact, it represents only one factor that damages the cardiovascular health. 12 About the Factors Causing Heart Diseases and How to Avoid Them High Blood Pressure As previously discussed, a higher, sustained level of blood pressure can cause hypertensive heart diseases, such as aneurisms, atherosclerosis or PAD, among others. High blood pressure is a serious disease because it forces the heart to work much harder than it is used to, to pump harder. If the heart has to work harder for extended periods, it will become 13 larger. If the heart is slightly enlarged, it can and should still work alright, but if it becomes greatly enlarged it will not work alright. High blood pressure can also cause damage to the arteries, which can lead to arterial disease. The higher the blood pressure, the bigger the risk of acquiring either a heart disease or a stroke. This means somebody with a blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg is at much greater risk than someone with a blood pressure of 120/70 mmHg. For this reason, it is important for all to lead a healthy lifestyle to make sure their blood pressure levels are contained within the normal values and do not jeopardize their health. A new study is shedding light on ways to help older Americans keep healthier longer. According to the study, thousands of heart attacks, strokes and deaths could be prevented if patients maintain their elevated blood pressure levels under control. 14 The study, “Reducing the Human Impact of High Blood Pressure,” looked at the number of strokes, heart attacks, deaths and nursing facility placements that could be avoided every year if all seniors were to actively treat their high blood pressure. For instance, it was discovered that proper treatment of high blood pressure could prevent almost 7,000 deaths in Los Angeles alone. “Currently, two-thirds of Medicare beneficiaries have hypertension, which puts millions of seniors at risk annually,” according to Dr. Paul Antony, chief medical officer for Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America. “Yet, for most people, high blood pressure can be controlled.” High blood pressure has no symptoms. If you’re at risk, you should be tested regularly by your doctor. Self-tests at pharmacies and convenience stores are useful, but may not be totally reliable. Get tested if you’re over 60, if you smoke, if you 15 eat a lot of salt, if you lead a high-stress lifestyle or if you suffer from diabetes. Nationwide, the study found that about a quarter of senior citizens with hypertension can easily manage their condition with proper treatment. Active treatment includes proper diet, exercise, lifestyle changes and taking prescription medications in consultation with a doctor. The study also demonstrates that diseases often associated with age are not simply inevitable consequences of getting older. With the help of a physician, these diseases can actually be sometimes treated, controlled and prevented. How to Combat High Blood Pressure A healthy lifestyle can help people with various disorders and diseases better control them, gaining a better quality of life. High blood pressure is one of the diseases that can be better controlled with a healthy lifestyle. In some 16 people, a healthy lifestyle can prevent high blood pressure from developing blood pressure. Try to eat more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, and lean protein. High blood pressure and a high weight are closely related. Being overweight significantly raises a person’s risk of developing high blood pressure. An overweight person raises their risk by as much as six times. But, as a person 17 starts to take the extra pounds off, their blood pressure typically goes down too. Exercise is another important factor in preventing and controlling high blood pressure. Exercising makes the heart stronger and enables it to pump blood throughout the body with less effort. The easier it is for the heart to pump blood, the easier it is on the arteries. 18 Regular physical activity helps a person reach and maintain a healthy weight. The latest federal guidelines suggest a person engage in moderate physical activity 30-60 minutes a day, 5-7 days a week. Walking is a good physical activity, especially for people just starting an exercise routine. Swimming, biking, and jogging are also great forms of exercise. In addition, federal guidelines suggest a person engage in vigorous physical activities, such as strength training, three times a week for at least 20 minutes each time. Many of us have heard over and over to “lose weight and get more exercise” because it will help a person to maintain better health. Maintaining a healthy weight and exercising regularly can do a lot to help prevent and control high. Smoking is hard on the heart and nicotine cases the blood vessels to constrict, narrowing the blood vessels and making the heart work harder to pump blood through the body. Smoking also interferes with some blood pressure medications, making them much less effective. Quitting 19 smoking reduces the risk for high blood pressure, will help to control existing high blood pressure, and will also reduce a person’s risk of developing lung cancer, heart disease, and having a stroke. Quitting smoking is very difficult, possibly the hardest thing a person will ever do, but doing so goes a long way towards improving a person’s health. Avoiding excessive sodium is suggested to help control and prevent high blood pressure, although there has been controversy in recent years about whether or not reducing sodium intake will have much of an effect on blood 20 pressure. It may not have a big impact, but even a small reduction in sodium can have a positive effect on a person’s health. Take any prescribed high blood pressure medications as directed – don’t skip doses or quit taking it entirely. If, after being on medication for a period of time blood pressure returns to normal levels, it does not mean that person’s blood pressure has become normal. It means the medication is doing its job and is controlling the blood pressure. Blood pressure medication needs to be taking indefinitely, often for life. 21 Avoid excessive alcohol consumption. Not only can it cause high blood pressure, it’s also bad for the liver and kidneys. Although studies have not proven whether or not caffeine affects high blood pressure, some studies have shown that people who regularly consume caffeine each day have higher blood pressure than people who don’t. On the other hand, some studies have shown that people eventually 22 develop a tolerance to caffeine and that it then no longer affects their blood pressure. As a precautionary measure, physicians will usually advice patients with high blood pressure to limit their caffeine intake. Excessive Insulin Excessive insulin indirectly affects the heart. How so? Well, if your body were to produce insulin in excess, then you would become unable to lose weight, your triglycerides (fats carried in the blood), as well as your levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) would increase and your levels of good cholesterol (HDL) would decrease, which would lead cause coronary damage. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that is necessary for the transport of sugar from the blood stream into the cells for use as energy. Type 2 diabetes results when our bodies become insensitive to insulin and cause our blood sugar go out of balance. For this reason, we want to do everything we can to 23 remain insulin sensitive. When we are insulin sensitive, our bodies do a much better job of moving glucose from the blood and into cells. One of the food groups which the body needs to survive are carbohydrates. Carbohydrates also referred to as carbs come in two types – sugars and starches. Sugars are simple carbs usually sweet tasting like biscuits and sweets and easily digested. Whereas, starches are complex carbs found in bread, pasta, noodles and rice and take longer to digest. 24 The body transforms all these digestible carbs into glucose, the sugar that our cells use as fuel or energy. When glucose molecules pass from the intestine into the bloodstream, the pancreas releases insulin, a hormone that mobilises cells to absorb it. Muscle, fat and other cells then absorb the excess glucose from the blood and insulin levels return to normal. After a meal high in glycemic index (ranking of foods according to how fast their sugars are released into the bloodstream), blood-sugar levels rise higher and rapidly. The insulin needed to fill all that sugar into muscles and fat cells also weaken the activity of glucagon, a hormone that signals the body to burn stored fuel when blood-sugar levels fall below a certain point. Glucose level drops so low leaving the body starved for energy. The brain and intestine then send out hunger signals. New cravings are created requiring more carb intake. We, then overeat that leads to more fat, rise in blood insulin level, more hunger, and more weight gain and the cycle goes on. On the 25 contrary, adhering to a low carb diet puts an end to this cycle. Reduced carbohydrates would mean decreased insulin level, increased glucagon level, weight loss, improved triglycerides decrease in LDL (bad cholesterol), increase in HDL (good cholesterol). How to Combat Excessive Insulin Various herbs, foods, vitamins, and minerals have been shown to promote insulin sensitivity and help maintain proper blood sugar levels. Vanadyl sulfate increases the body’s insulin sensitivity. Gymnema sylvestre is a wellknown herb helpful in blood sugar control by controlling sugar cravings and nourishing the pancreas. Exercise also increases insulin sensitivity. People involved in athletics are known to require less insulin. Besides improving insulin sensitivity, exercise helps us to control our weight and reduce body fat. Weight control is a very important aspect in maintaining insulin sensitivity. 26 Another important factor in maintaining proper blood sugar levels and insulin sensitivity is a healthful diet. Complex carbohydrates found in most vegetables, apples, grains, and nuts are slow to digest. Slowing the process of digestion promotes healthy blood sugar levels and avoids the highs and lows associated with the intake of refined sugars. We should also avoid saturated fats. The healthy fats contained 27 in fish, olive oil, and flaxseed help us to maintain insulin sensitivity. Type 2 Diabetes is the most common form of diabetes and results from insulin resistance. The above methods have been shown to be extremely helpful in maintaining insulin sensitivity, promoting lower blood sugar levels, and avoiding the complications associated with diabetes. 28 Cardiovascular Disease- They are many types of cardiovascular diseases that can be linked to a lack of Magnesium in the body. These include atherosclerosis, cardiac arrhythmias, and vasospasm. Magnesium can be found in different types of nuts such as almonds and peanuts. Manganese – Manganese is vital in the production of natural insulin and therefore important in the treatment of diabetes. It is found in citrus fruits, in the outer covering of nuts, grains and in the green leaves of edible plants. The loss of magnesium in diabetic ketosis has been known for many years. About 37 percent of infants born to diabetic mothers have been found to be lacking in this mineral. It has also been found that children aged five to 18 years with well-controlled type-1 diabetes have lows serum magnesium values. Magnesium – Magnesium also decreases the need for vitamin B6 and if it is increased in the diet, the amount of xanthurenic acid in the blood is reduced, even without vitamin B6 supplement. Moreover, magnesium is also necessary to active enzymes containing vitamin B6. Blood magnesium being particularly low in diabetic, it may be reasonably inferred that diabetes can result from a combined deficiency of vitamin B6 and magnesium. It may therefore, be advisable for any person with diabetes or a family history of the disease to take the at least 500 mg of magnesium and 10 mg of B6 daily. Magnesium is widely distributed in foods. It forms part of the chlorophyll in green leaves. Other good sources of this mineral are nuts, Soya bean, alfalfa, apple, fig, lemon, peach, almond, whole grains, brown rice, sunflower seeds and sesame seeds. Chromium – According to Dr. Richard A. Anderson, at the U. S. Department of Agriculture’s Human Nutrition Research Center in Beltsville, Maryland, whatever the blood sugar problem, chromium tends to normalize it. Dr. Anderson believes that increased prevalence of type-2 diabetes is partly due to a deficiency of chromium in the diet. Chromium has been found beneficial in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Columbia University scientists, in a study reported in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition established 29 chromium’s benefits for type-2 diabetes. They confirmed that chromium enhances insulin production in the body. Some other researchers have also confirmed that chromium helps stabilize blood sugar and increases energy. Studies have also revealed that chromium supplements control total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and raise the good or HDL cholesterol. In some patients with impaired glucose tolerance, especially children with protein malnutrition, glucose tolerance showed improvement after they were given chromium supplements. The recommended daily allowance of chromium is 50 to 100 micrograms. Some foods rich in chromium, besides broccoli, are whole grain cereals, nuts, mushrooms, rhubarb, Bengal gram, kidney beans, Soya beans, black gram, betel leaves, bottle gourd, corn oil, brewer’s yeast, pomegranate and pineapple. Emotional Stress Nothing beats the pain of having your heart broken by someone you are truly, madly, deeply in love with. It is true that ending a relationship is probably the most hurtful scenario in a romantic relationship. Nobody wants their hearts to be broken, and no one can really tell what it feels like unless they are or have been in that situation already. 30 Yes, going through a bad relationship is tough, and lucky and brave are those who survive it. Unlucky, however, are those who suffer from heart attacks because of a broken heart. According to a recent study in Europe, it has been observed among thousands of British civilians that it is possible for an individual to have a series of heart attacks due to a painful and traumatic breakup experience. Experts who conducted the study claimed that stress and anxiety brought by a painful and traumatic end of a relationship can significantly increase a person’s risk in having or developing heart diseases. 31 Results of the study showed that an individual’s heart condition is not just determined by means of physical condition. It can also be influenced by the emotional stability or condition of a person. Therefore, an individual who has a happy and fulfilling relationship is less likely to develop coronary heart disease compared to the ones who are unlucky in love. As a main reason for heart disease and heart attacks, stress has a strong connection with all of the expressions of heart pain, high blood pressure, palpitations (heart beats fast) or irregular heart beat, pain in the chest, pressure on the chest, inability to breath, sweaty palms, cold or hot waves. To spare your already bruised heart from added pain and trauma, the following are some ways on how to avoid developing heart diseases due to emotional heart issues. How to Combat Emotional Stress 1. Talk to someone about your feelings. 32 When a relationship ends, the women are usually the most emotional ones. They tend to relay the whole breakup episode to their girlfriends or relatives. The men, however, are less vocal about their emotions. With this, doctors often recommend male patients to find someone whom they can share their feelings with. Support from people who can understand what you’re going through can surely ease your emotions and heart pains. 33 2. Slowly acknowledge the fact that the relationship is over. It is normal to feel hurt and betrayed once a relationship ends. However, the world will not stop and grieve at your lose. Move on. Accept the fact that the relationship is over and get on living your life. Although the process of moving on is hard, acceptance helps in keeping the mind and emotions calm after a hard and painful experience. 3. Go see a doctor when the pain progresses from emotional to physical instability. Based on the recent study mentioned above, a person who is extremely heartbroken can die because of heart attack. So, if you feel that the emotional pain and stress are too much for you to bear any longer that it comes to the point when your health also suffers, go see your doctor to confirm your condition. 34 Although having an emotional breakdown is not just the only factor for developing heart diseases, it is better to let your doctor know and check your condition once heartaches turn to “literal heart pains”. 4. Make the most of the massage therapy Massage therapy is a manipulation of muscles, ligaments, tendons, skin, fascia, and joints in the body. It is a practice that has been around since the beginning of peopledom. In fact, ancient techniques are still employed in today’s modern world. 35 The benefits of massage are extensive. Not only can it help alleviate pain and aid in physical maladies and day-to-day functioning, but it impacts mental and emotional wellbeing. Relaxation, awareness, anxiety, and depression can all be aided and eased with massage therapy. Massage boosts the immune system, relaxes and reduces anxiety, alleviates pain, reduces blood pressure and heart rate, stimulates lesser used muscles, increases endorphins, aids physical rehabilitation, and improves circulation (blood and lymph). There are many different techniques and therapies in the field of massage. Some of these may be familiar to you already, even if you do not know specifically what they entail: 36 Swedish: Probably the most well-known technique, and for good reason; it’s quite popular. Acupressure is like acupuncture without the needles. Specific points are targeted and pressure applied to create a therapeutic effect. 37 Aroma Therapy is often used in tandem with other techniques. It consists of using fragrant oils for healing benefits. These oils can be applied to the skin or simply allowed to perfume the air thus allowing those nearby to receive benefits nasally. Canadian Deep Tissue Massage: A technique that focuses on a muscle group working with the fibers of the muscle tissue to rejuvenate each level of muscle including deep tissue. Deep Tissue Massage works to invigorate and stimulate the muscle issue on a deep level. It involves more intense 38 manipulation and can provide tremendous benefits on many levels. Not only does it help release toxins from the body, it helps Hot Stone Massage: Warm stones are used on the body with gentle pressure to provide a soothing, therapeutic sensation. Other techniques include Chi Nei Tsang, Reflexology, Shiatsu, Thai Massage, Amma Therapy, Alexander Technique, Aston Patterning, Bioenergetics, Bowen Technique, and Craniosacral Therapy. 39 Massage therapists are required to pass standardized tests in order to receive a license and become a registered massage therapist. Training is often completed at a trade, vocational, or career college and is usually completed in 2 years or less depending on the school and the program. Massage therapy is considered a health field and massage therapy is often covered under many health plans because of its proven healing and beneficial results. Massage is private and safe. Depending on the type of massage you receive, partial body, full body, 30 minute or longer, you may have to undress completely or not at all. The room should be warm and comfortable and there may be light music playing. If the environment makes you uneasy, do not hesitate to inform your therapist; a massage should be a relaxing and pleasant experience. This is true if you feel pain during any part of your massage experience. Some techniques are more intensive and 40 may be a bit uncomfortable at times, but if you feel anything that makes you uneasy, do not hesitate to speak up. Whether you are considering a career in massage therapy or if you are just interested in finding out more information about what it is and how it can benefit you cannot deny the value of a good massage. 5. Practice Yoga. This is another useful method through which you can unwind and let all your problems go away. 41 Yoga, and the benefit of yoga, is generically defined as a Hindu discipline that helps unite the body and mind. Aimed at achieving a state of perfect spiritual insight and tranquility, it is practiced in the West most commonly as physical exercise practiced as part of the discipline. The benefit of yoga practice is nothing new. It has been recognized for many years as the perfect discipline to help one achieve tranquility, better health, and longer life. Many people view the benefit of yoga as some weird discipline that involves yogi’s contorted in unnatural positions, doing strange acts of the body, and living on a mountaintop somewhere in India. I personally remember a television documentary many years ago featuring a yogi that had his tongue split, using it to clean his sinus cavities! Anyone interested in yoga has probably also seen images of yogi’s supporting great weight with their genitals. 42 In this modern age, much has been learned about the benefit of yoga. Yoga practitioners achieve greater mobility, longer life, and internal happiness through their practice of the art. Yoga as we know it today is aimed at uniting the mind, body,and spirit. The mysticism of the Hindu discipline is no longer a myth, and is reachable by all willing to learn. Yoga practice is roughly grouped into three categories – the Yoga Postures (Asanas), Yoga Breathing (Pranayama) and Meditation. These categories embrace physiological, psychological, and biochemical effects. In addition, clinicians have compared these results against the Western practices of jogging, aerobic exercise, and weight training, and find results comparable. The most popular style of Yoga in the West today is Hatha Yoga. It is designed to focuses on the physical well-being of a person and believers in the practice consider the body as the vehicle of the spirit. 43 Ananda Yoga, a classical style of Hatha Yoga, uses Asana and Pranayama to awaken, experience, and take control of the subtle energies within the body, and focuses on the energies of the seven Chakras. Anusara (a-nu-SAR-a)yoga is defined as “stepping into the current of Divine Will”, “following your heart”, and “moving with the current of divine will.” This new style, which was developed by John Friend, is defined as “yoga positions that flow from the heart.” It is heart-oriented, spiritually inspiring, and is based on a deep knowledge of outer and inner body alignment. It is based on the principles of Hatha Yoga and biochemical practices. Students of this discipline base their practice on attitude, action, and alignment. Ashtanga yoga could possibly be the perfect Yoga for those looking for a serious workout. Ashtanga was developed by K. Pattabhi Jois, and is very physically demanding. A series of flows, 44 moving quickly from one posture to another, is utilized to build strength, flexibility and stamina. This style is not good for the beginning practitioner, as it requires 6 series of difficulty. The physical demands of Ashtanga are not for the casual practitioner beginning the journey of yoga fitness. Bikram Yoga, named for its founder Bikram Choudhury, is practiced in a room with a temperature of up to 100 degrees. Twenty six Asanas are performed in a typical session, and focus is on warming and stretching muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Each pose is accompanied by Kapalabhati Breath, the “breath of fire.” Practice of this style promotes cleansing of the body, the release of toxins, and ultimate flexibility. Oxidative Stress Free radicals are known as “reactive oxygen species”, or ROS. They are produced when your body uses oxygen for energy. Just as fire emits smoke as a by-product, ROS are emitted from the conversion of oxygen to energy in the human body, eventually 45 causing oxidative damage to body systems. Free radicals are also created when the body is exposed to pollution, cigarette smoke, car exhaust and other harmful environmental toxins. The unstable molecules in your body, or the free radicals cause oxidative stress, which is associated with more than 100 diseases, according to published studies. Each of the millions of cells in your body is assaulted by free radicals more than 10,000 times each day, causing cell damage and cellular aging. 46 New research is helping ordinary Americans take control of their health. It’s easier than you think to live healthy as you age. Changing your diet alone is not enough. Free radicals are a natural product of your body’s normal metabolism of food to create energy. Additionally, while conventional antioxidants such as vitamins C and E are important for many nutritional reasons, studies show they do not eliminate age-related stress when consumed in the generally recommended quantities. Oxidative stress is made worse by exposure to such things as tobacco smoke, alcohol, insecticides, chlorine and even excessive sunlight. Elevated oxidative stress is associated with heart disease, stroke, Alzheimer’s and cancer, among others, according to published research. The human body produces its own antioxidant enzymes to fight free radicals and support cellular health. How to Combat Oxidative Stress 47 It has become clear that free-radicals cannot be avoided; they are in air and water pollution, junk foods we eat, and in medications we take; in medications these free-radicals are called side effects. Side effects can lead to disaster inside your body and in some cases death. The only thing that stops free-radicals are antioxidants; they are molecules that have a spare electron. The only place to find antioxidants is in natural sources. There is evidence that pomegranate juice offers protection against oxidative cardiovascular diseases. While pomegranates (punica granatum) have been around for thousands of years, not much research had been done until recently. Most of the research was first conducted in Israel and has been ongoing. One of the first studies to gain attention showed that pomegranate juice had potent antiatherogenic (biologically active substance that prevents atherogenesis, the accumulation of lipid containing plaques on the innermost layers of the arteries) effects in healthy humans and in atherosclerotic mice that may be attributable to 48 its anti-oxidative properties. A few months later, the results of a study conducted at the University of California showed an antioxidant activity three times higher than those of red wine and green tea.. Then, another study in Israel showed that pomegranate juice reduced the development of atherosclerosis in mice that already had advanced atherosclerosis. The next month, results of another study showed a 36% decrease in serum ACE activity and a 5% reduction in systolic blood pressure in patients who drank pomegranate juice. The study concluded that pomegranate juice can offer a wide protection against cardiovascular diseases which could be related to its inhibitory effect on oxidative stress and on serum ACE activity. 49 In the past 5 years, 150+ more studies and publications involving the pomegranate have been indexed at U.S. National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database, with findings that suggest many healthy benefits of this fruit. Probably the most significant is in the reduction of cardiovascular disease. Another exciting study in March, 2005 tested the effects of pomegranate juice on samples of cultured human coronary 50 artery cells exposed to extreme stress in vitro (as they would be in someone with high blood pressure), and also on hypercholesterolemic mice. The study showed that administration of pomegranate juice significantly reduced the progression of atherosclerosis, and that the proatherogenic effects induced by perturbed shear stress can be reversed by chronic administration of pomegranate juice. Implications of this is that chronic administration of pomegranate juice may be effective in both prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. The results of another 3-year study suggest that pomegranate juice decreases carotid intima-media thickness and systolic blood pressure in patients with carotid artery stenosis. In the most recent article about pomegranates, posted at PubMed on January 17, 2007, the authors stated, “The last 7 years have seen over seven times as many publications indexed by Medline dealing with pomegranate and Punica granatum than in all the years preceding them.” They noted that the seed, juice, 51 peel, leaf, flower, bark and roots each have pharmacologic activity. They concluded that “the phytochemistry and pharmacological actions of all Punica granatum components suggest a wide range of clinical applications for the treatment and prevention of cancer, as well as other diseases where chronic inflammation is believed to play an essential etiologic role.” 52 Passion Flower has also shown promise of lowering high blood produce by regulating nervous system neurotransmitters that reduce anxiety. (Passiflora incarnata) is accepted for medicinal use in Germany, France, and other European countries for the treatment of nervous anxiety, and was at one time approved as a sedative and sleep aid over-the-counter drug in the U.S. After a review of night-time sleep aids by the FDA in 1978, it was no longer recognized as effective by the FDA since no American company submitted data on safety and efficacy as required by the FDA, so it was dropped as an over-the-counter drug. Although passion flower is a native American plant, it has been more widely researched and used in Europe than in the United States. In Germany, France, and other European countries, it is accepted for the treatment of nervous anxiety. Standardized passion flower products contain flavonoids as the primary chemical marker. While flavonoids are generally considered among the most active components of the plant, scientists have 53 not been able to pinpoint the single chemical compound or group of compounds responsible for its sedative action. Passion flower increases levels of a neurotransmitter known as gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), which decreases the activity of nerve cells in the brain, causing relaxation and relieving anxiety. It contains chemicals known as harmala alkaloids, which are thought to block an enzyme involved in depression. A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of Passiflora extract to the drug Oxazepam in the treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) showed that Passiflora extract is effective for the management of GAD, with no significant difference between the efficacy of it and Oxazepam. An advantage seen with the Passiflora extract was that fewer problems relating to impairment of job performance were encountered. 54 Everyone experiences anxiety. It is the body’s normal reaction to uncertainty, trouble, feeling unprepared, or a perceived, anticipated or imagined danger or threatening situation. Normal anxiety can be a good thing. It helps motivate a person who works well under pressure, resulting in an increase in productivity. But when anxiety and worry are exaggerated without cause, it is a sign of anxiety disorder such as GAD. People with GAD, like those participating in the trial above, experience pathological anxiety, which is excessive, chronic, and typically interferes with their ability to function in normal daily activities, and is not triggered by any specific object or situation. Passion Flower appears to be helpful in relieving stress not only in individuals with normal anxiety, but in those with GAD as well. Eating natural foods that are high in antioxidants is critical. Most plants have around 1,000 to 1,500 antioxidants each, which does not seem like a lot compared to the amount of free-radicals you are taking into your body every single day; about a billion. 55 Vitamins and minerals also contain antioxidants. With the discovery of a fruit from South East Asia called the Mangosteen, scientists have been in a buzz about the amount of antioxidants this fruit contains. The Mangosteen fruit contains over 25,000 antioxidants. This fruit has been studied in Universities and by scientists for the past 20 years, but they have proved that this fruit has the most 56 powerful and the largest number of antioxidants in nature that we know of. The Mangosteen fruit has been providing thousands of people with medicinal benefits, due to super charged antioxidants called Xanthones. Two hundred Xanthones have been identified in nature, 41 are in the Mangosteen fruit alone and you can compare that to the Aloe Vera plant that contains only one Xanthone. One thing about Xanthones you need to know is that they must be consumed in their natural form. Xanthones can destroy more than one free-radical at a time, unlike normal antioxidants, due to carbon bonds that produce biological actions in the body. Xanthones are stable, super charged anti-oxidants. In the event you do not have access to the Mangosteen, do not worry. You can use a combination of D-Ribose, Magnesium, Q10 coenzyme, and L-carnitine to obtain your recommended dose of antioxidants. 57 Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), also known as ubiquinone, is a rich source of anti-oxidants. CoQ10 has an important role in lowering the bad cholesterol and creating an optimum environment for the cells to create energy. Other strong anti-oxidant qualities include: the reduction in risk of heart disease and regulation of blood pressure. 58 CoQ10 has also been shown to be an important component in the function of the immune system. It inhibits bacteria, while boosting the immune function. It also increases white blood cell production. In many cases when the body is deficient in CoQ10 (which becomes more common as we age) the immune system becomes compromised. Supplementation can often counteract this. Studies also suggest there is possible anti-aging effects in CoQ10. It has been shown to slow the aging process through its antioxidant qualities. Anti-oxidants, as we know, prevent “free radical” damage – the instability of cells which causes them to mutate unnecessarily creating everything from sun damage to cancer. CoQ10 has also been noted to increase endurance during exercise and is currently being used as a therapy and reversal for Alzheimer’s. CoQ10 depletion has also been linked to hypertension. Therefore supplementation of CoQ10 is currently being used as a natural 59 remedy to decrease blood pressure. It is also recommended in reducing the risk of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and for prevention of the oxidation of LDL cholesterol which causes plaque. CoQ10 also promotes oral health (prevents against the periodontal disease), protects the gums and heals damage from gingivitis as well as protects teeth from cavities. How much CoQ10 is enough to reap the benefits? Scientists advise that 30-60mg ingested three times per day is a safe dosage 60 when taken with meals. When choosing a supplement, it is important to be sure the capsule is in CoQ10’s natural form which is dark bright yellow in color. The L Carnitine occurs naturally in the body and is said to be essential in converting fatty acids into energy that is necessary for a healthy heart. L-carnitine supplementation may contribute to optimal fat oxidation especially when coupled with healthy diets and regular exercise. Because weight-loss characteristics, lcarnitine is the main ingredient in many diet pills and supplements. 61 Methionine and lysine amino acids are the primary sources of lcarnitine. This substance is manufactured in the kidneys and liver and are transported to other tissues of the body. Medical studies say that high concentration in tissues of these acids help prevent the formation of potentially harmful fatty acids. Small amounts of l-carnitine are produced by the body on a daily basis. Additional supplementation may prevent the build-up of fatty acids in the liver and the heart. Dietary l-carnitine can be easily obtained from many food sources. The best sources of this substance is red meat like beef, sheep, and lamb. Milk, cheese, and poultry products contain some carnitine, while vegetables and fruit contain negligible amounts or none at all. 62 Because of this, individuals ought to realize that adequate consumption of essential amino acids may provide the necessary building blocks for the body to synthesize sufficient quantities of l-carnitine. L-Carnitine deficiency can be caused by a genetic default, damage to the kidneys, liver, or brain, or through improper dietary intake. L-Carnitine is naturally produced in the kidneys, liver and brain, yet if there is a genetic default, then the body is inclined to produce less than what is required by the body. If the kidneys, liver, or brain is damaged during birth, or through some kind of medical difficulty, or accident, then they may not be capable of functioning normally and therefore may not be capable of producing adequate amounts of L-Carnitine in order to support the body’s normal functions. When a person damages their kidneys, liver, or brain, L-Carnitine production is interrupted and the result leads to slow production 63 of fatty acid, which in turn leads to a slowing of the energy distribution throughout the body. You will often find people with kidney, liver, or brain damage are slow and put on weight easily. The reason that people with kidney, liver, or brain damage are slow and put on weight easily, is that the fatty acids are not being transformed into energy and therefore build up to unhealthy levels. People with serious kidney, liver, or brain damage are often confined to bed, or a wheelchair. Although L-Carnitine is naturally produced in our kidneys, liver and brain, we still require some extra L-Carnitine to support our growth when we are children, our systems in times of illness and to provide supplementation when there is a L-Carnitine deficiency from genetic, or medical problems. A person who is already suffering from a serious health condition may require long-term L-Carnitine supplementation in order to aid them in their recovery, combined with healthy dietary 64 changes. L-Carnitine supplementation is often used for people suffering from Cancer, or other serious illnesses. Although a person who has a genetic L-Carnitine deficiency can benefit from the implementation of a diet full of L-Carnitine rich foods, they may benefit from taking L-Carnitine supplements throughout their life. The RDA of La-carnitine is 2 grams/day. Magnesium is a mineral that serves a vital role in the human body. Magnesium is found in both plants and animals. It helps plants with photosynthesis and acts as a metabolic reaction in animals. The human body has over three hundred biochemical processes in the body that requires Magnesium. How does the body use it? Magnesium is used by the bones in the human body. Approximately, half of the Magnesium in the body is found in the bones. Magnesium helps in the production of the hormone 65 calcitonin. This is used to produce calcium in the bones. It also helps to control the acidity in the blood, which helps the bones as high levels of acid can weaken the bone structure. Children and adults cannot live without the daily doses of Magnesium. The lower levels of Magnesium in a person’s body the more likely you are to develop certain illnesses and diseases. Magnesium also helps to control neuromuscular activities of the heart and helps to keep the heart beating regularly. It can also help to keep the person’s blood pressure level normal for a period of time. How much Magnesium does a body need? According to the National Research Council individuals need between three to four hundred milligrams of Magnesium daily to get the recommended allowances. Adult males need about three hundred and fifty milligrams per day, with adult women needing about two hundred and eighty milligrams that should increase to about four hundred and twenty for pregnant women and during 66 breastfeeding. Children depending on their size and weight need about one hundred and thirty milligrams a day. Statistics show that many individuals do not take the recommended dosages of Magnesium. Magnesium can also be found in the following food items: D-Ribose is an organic compound that supports the cardiovascular rejuvenation, while playing an important role in treating the ischemic heart disorders. 16 gr daily is the 67 recommended dosage for healthy people and, whereas those with a cardiovascular history should take 15 grams for four times/day. D-Ribose can also be found in poultry, dairy products, and almonds. Although there are many available blood pressure medications and natural therapy (such as Melaleuca’s Prostolic) are both helpful in reducing and maintaining healthy blood pressure, your body’s best defense against high blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular disease begins with a change in lifestyle. The time to change is now, no matter what your age is. Begin by eating a healthy diet of fresh fruits and vegetables, lowfat dairy products, whole grains, and other heart healthy foods. Lower your salt intake, and avoid processed foods that destroy potassium and generally have high levels of salt added that further robs your body of this vital nutrient. Get plenty of exercise, limit alcohol intake and do not smoke. 68 LDL Cholesterol Your blood cholesterol level is affected not only by what you eat but also by how quickly your body makes LDL-cholesterol and disposes of it. In fact, your body makes all the cholesterol it needs, and it is not necessary to take in any additional cholesterol from the foods you eat. People with heart disease or those who are at high risk for developing it typically have too much LDL-cholesterol in their blood. Many factors help determine whether your LDLcholesterol level is high or low. Your blood cholesterol level is affected not only by what you eat but also by how quickly your body makes LDL-cholesterol and disposes of it. In fact, your body makes all the cholesterol it needs, and it is not necessary to take in any additional cholesterol from the foods you eat. Patients with heart disease or those who are at high risk for developing it typically have too much LDLcholesterol in their blood. Many factors help determine whether 69 your LDL-cholesterol level is high or low. The following factors are the most important: Heredity: Your genes influence how high your LDLcholesterol is by affecting how fast LDL is made and removed from the blood. One specific form of inherited high cholesterol that affects 1 in 500 people is familial hypercholesterolemia, which often leads to early heart disease. But even if you do not have a specific genetic form of high cholesterol, genes play a role in influencing your LDLcholesterol level. What you eat: Two main nutrients in the foods you eat make your LDL-cholesterol level go up: saturated fat, a type of fat found mostly in foods that come from animals; and cholesterol, which comes only from animal products. Saturated fat raises your LDL-cholesterol level more than anything else in the diet. Eating too much saturated fat and cholesterol is the main reason for high levels of cholesterol and a high rate of heart attacks in the United States. 70 Reducing the amount of saturated fat and cholesterol you eat is a very important step in reducing your blood cholesterol levels. Weight: Excess weight tends to increase your LDLcholesterol level. If you are overweight and have a high LDLcholesterol level, losing weight may help you lower it. Weight loss also helps to lower triglycerides and raise HDL. Physical activity/exercise: Regular physical activity may lower LDL-cholesterol and raise HDL-cholesterol levels. Age and gender: Before menopause, women usually have total cholesterol levels that are lower than those of men the same age. As women and men get older, their blood cholesterol levels rise until about 60 to 65 years of age. In women, menopause often causes an increase in their LDLcholesterol and a decrease in their HDL- cholesterol level, and after the age of 50, women often have higher total cholesterol levels than men of the same age. Alcohol: Alcohol intake increases HDL-cholesterol but does not lower LDL-cholesterol. Doctors don’t know for certain 71 whether alcohol also reduces the risk of heart disease. Drinking too much alcohol can damage the liver and heart muscle, lead to high blood pressure, and raise triglycerides. Because of the risks, alcoholic beverages should not be used as a way to prevent heart disease. Stress: On the long term, blood cholesterol levels has been shown to raise. One way that stress may do this is by affecting your habits. For example, when some people are under stress, they console themselves by eating fatty foods. The saturated fat and cholesterol in these foods contribute to higher levels of blood cholesterol. How to combat LDL cholesterol As with anything health related, diet and exercise are the two crucial components. One thing you should know is the difference between LDL and HDL cholesterol. Simply think of HDL as “healthy” and LDL as “lousy.” HDL can actually help carry cholesterol out of your blood vessels while LDL allows it to deposit 72 inside your artery walls. The good news is that you can change your cholesterol for the better. Here is how to do just that: Have a nice sandwich on whole wheat bread or a pita with some lean turkey and lots of fresh veggies. Skip the hot dogs, bologna, and salami, and hold the Mayo. All of those are highly processed and filled with fat and cholesterol. Fish, like salmon, is good. Look for wild red salmon varieties, which are very high in Omega-3 fatty acids (good fat.) Also, flax seed is a good source of Omega-3s. Avoid Trans fats! Not only do they raise the lousy LDL cholesterol, they can also lower your HDL levels! Stay away 73 from foods like margarine, shortening, and processed foods containing partially hydrogenated soybean oil. Go ahead, go nuts! Look for walnuts mainly but also try almonds, macadamia nuts, cashews, and pecans. Nuts are high in fat, but it’s the good kind. (Also, use natural peanut butter instead of the normal kind which contains unhealthy Trans fats.) Limit desserts and try to eat only the healthier ones like angel food cake, graham crackers, Jell-O, and fat-free frozen yogurt. Eat foods that are high in fiber. Examples include whole wheat bread, oatmeal, fruits, vegetables, beans, and some 74 cereals. (Look for the boxes that say “may help lower cholesterol.”) Use the grill. If you’re going to have steak or burgers, grill them at home and use lean meat. This practice avoids the grease, is fun, and the meat tastes great. Find a new salad dressing. Most of them are full of Trans fats and cholesterol. Olive oil is good, and maybe add vinegar or lemon juice. Also, skip the bacon bits, croutons, and egg yolks. Go overboard on fruits and vegetables. They contain no cholesterol and they have lots of nutrients like antioxidants. 75 Here are some examples: green peas, broccoli, cauliflower, apples, oranges, mangos, papaya, pineapple, tomato, garlic, onions, spinach, water chestnuts, bananas, apricots, blueberries, and kiwi. Avoid fast food like french fries and anything else from the deep fryer. Those foods will raise your cholesterol like crazy, so stay away from the burger joints if you can. Use spices like pepper and oregano to add flavor to your dishes. They are a healthy alternative to other toppings like Mayo. Micro-organisms (viruses): Periodontal disease 76 A lack of good dental hygiene can cause you to lose more than your teeth. It can be life-threatening. Recent studies show that gum disease, an infection of the tissues that support your teeth, is linked to three main killers: heart disease, diabetes and respiratory disease. Unfortunately, gum disease is quite common, affecting three in four adults over 35 in the U.S., according to the American Dental Association. Gum disease is caused by not sufficiently removing plaque, a film of bacteria that constantly forms on the tooth’s surface. Symptoms of the disease vary from red, tender gums to loose teeth that have to be extracted. How to Combat Gum Disease Infection Here are some tried-and-true strategies for gum disease prevention: 77 Make healthy choices. Eat a balanced diet and quit tobacco use. Research shows that smokers are up to six times more likely to develop gum disease than nonsmokers. Brush properly. Brush your teeth at least twice a day. For the most effective brushing, the ADA suggests brushing your teeth at a 45-degree angle against the gums, moving the brush in short strokes and brushing all surfaces of your teeth. To do this without error, some dentists suggest using the HydraBrush Express. Don’t forget to floss. Clean between your teeth at least once a day with floss or interdental cleaners. Doing so will remove bacteria and food particles from areas that a toothbrush can’t reach. 78 Visit the dentist regularly. Get your teeth professionally cleaned every six months. At this time, report any questions or concerns you have regarding oral care. Menopause Hormones 79 The main problem with menopause is that there is a drastic reduction in production of the female hormones. This is what causes all the physical discomfort and hot flushes in menopause. How to combat menopause hormones and protect your heart The popular line of treatment is to take menopause hormones externally. Substitution of menopause hormones can be in the form of oral medication or it can be local application in the form of topical ointments. 80 It is important to take these menopause hormones strictly under a doctor’s guidance. A doctor studies the patient’s symptoms and entire family history and then recommends the correct dose and combination of menopause hormones. This ensures that the patient is not at risk and is taking the right menopause hormone. Women can take either one or both menopause hormones depending on their physical condition and age. Women who have undergone a hysterectomy must take both estrogen and progesterone. Such women have a greater risk of heart disease, blood clots and breast cancer. Women taking estrogen alone have a chance of suffering a stroke. Women with early menopause greatly benefit from a short course of menopause hormones. Older women who take menopause hormones have a greater risk of developing breast cancer or tumors. 81 Younger women do reduce their chance of heart disease by taking menopause hormones. A comprehensive study to determine the benefits and risks of menopause hormones in younger women is underway. The results of this study can provide vital clues for improving the health and quality of life of menopausal women in the years to come. There is a need to regulate the duration of menopause hormones. One must take estrogen daily and progesterone about twice a week. The exact dosage varies with the patient’s symptoms and medical condition. However, it is worth taking menopause hormones for a short time and not on a continuous basis. A woman must regularly review the dosage of menopause hormones with her doctor. If the hot flushes have ceased, she must stop taking menopause hormones gradually. She can also shift to other localized medication like creams and patches. Menopause hormones are not a cure for age related problems like osteoporosis and heart disease. They are the last step in 82 therapy when other medications have failed for these medical conditions. Thus, a doctor must prescribe menopause hormones only after a detailed study of the patient’s medical record. Trans fatty acids Trans fats, or Trans Fatty Acids, are a vegetable-based fat that is made when vegetable oils are hardened for use in margarine. Trans fats are found in baked and fried foods, such as cookies, fried fish or chicken and donuts, which are prepared using the hardened vegetable oil. 83 The problem with eating Trans fats is that it contributes to clogging of the arteries, increases the presence of low density lipoprotein (LDL), which is the “bad” cholesterol, reduces the presence of high density lipoprotein (HDL), “good” cholesterol and also contributes to other serious health conditions including heart disease and Type II diabetes. Trans fatty acids (trans-fats) are also linked to sudden cardiac death and obesity. Vegetable oils are partially hydrogenated so they can be added to many foods since they become a source of cheap fat and increase the shelf life of the food product. What do hydrogenated oils do? When healthy oils are processed through bubbling hydrogen at temperatures up to 210 C, unnatural fatty acids are created that are called trans-fatty acids. Your body is unable to use this un-natural fatty acids so the liver see them as toxic waste and proceeds to detoxify and eliminate them. Trans-fatty acids are one of the most toxic wastes that can 84 be inside your body. Trans fatty acids, also, can block your body’s use of the essential fatty acids. Hydrogenated oils also have all of their nutrients removed during their processing. This forces removal of vitamins and minerals from your body to help digest the stripped hydrogenated oil. Hydrogenated oils are used by a food processor because they are cheap fats, which increase the size and shelf life of their product. Trans-fats are formed as a result of chemical hydrogenation. Depending upon the brand you buy, margarine may contain up to 45 percent trans-fats. This is where you find hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oils: 40% of all foods in a grocery store 95% of all cookies 75% of chips and crackers 70% of all cold cereals and cake mixes 80% of all frozen breakfast foods In most microwave popcorn 85 in many salted peanuts and other nuts in most candies in most restaurants that fry foods including donut shops Shortenings, etc. How to Combat Trans Fatty Acids Instead of Butter: Use top quality, cold pressed, extra virgin olive oil, from the first pressing, or flaxseed oil. The taste of virgin olive oil is appealing to millions of people around the world, so why not adopt it to your taste? 86 Flaxseed oil is prized for health reasons and not for its taste. You can always compensate for that by adding spices to the appropriate dish. Let’s say you want to add a little flaxseed oil to mashed potatoes, instead of butter. You could add basil, oregano, rosemary, curry, garlic, or any other spice that agrees with your palate. 87 You can use a little virgin olive oil on mashed potatoes with basil and roasted garlic, but it’s up to the individual’s own taste. At home, we use a little olive oil on toast, instead of butter. Again, you could spice it, but try to avoid salting. Depending on whose study you read, flaxseed oil contains Omega-3, Omega-6, and Omega-9 Oils. Olive oil has some Omega-6 value, but it tastes great. 88 Genetics Living a healthy lifestyle can go a long way to reducing the chances of developing hypertensive and cardiac problems, but there is unfortunately an element of inherited risk, a default predisposition to high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases, so even those with excellent overall health may find that they are genetically programmed towards hypertension and heart disease in later life. Thankfully, the greatest influence genetics has on heart disease is that of making us more 89 susceptible to certain causes, and with careful adjustments of our lifestyles we can greatly improve our prospects of avoiding it. The two most deadly contributors to cardiac problems are smoking and obesity. Both of these can raise blood pressure to dangerous levels, putting extra strain on the heart. Smoking causes the build-up of fatty deposits within the arteries, also causing circulation problems. Being overweight also tends to mean that a healthy diet is not being followed, and so the body may well be short of essential minerals and nutriments that the heart needs to keep on functioning healthily. Stopping smoking and other unhealthy practices such as excessive drinking, along with improving diet and taking up exercise to reduce weight can go a long way towards averting problems. The symptoms of a developing heart problem can be both subtle and dramatic. Unfortunately, many of the symptoms can also 90 signify other less dangerous conditions, and so a diagnosis of heart disease is often made later than it could have been. If you come across more than one of the symptoms below, then a trip to your doctor is highly advisable. Breathlessness when engaged in physical exercise is normal to some extent for almost everyone, but if you find you’re becoming breathless more and more easily then this is a clear sign that your general fitness levels aren’t all they could be, and that your heart may be struggling under the pressure. Palpitations, that is a heavily or unevenly beating heart, can be a sign of anxiety or can come on after extreme exercise, but if neither of these situations apply then heart problems could well be the culprit. A tingling feeling in bodily extremities such as fingers, toes or lips is often a sign that your circulation system is not delivering enough oxygen, again a sign of possible heart problems. Should 91 your extremities go on to develop a blueish colour then this is certainly not a good sign, and medical attention should be sought at once. The final and most obvious sign of cardiac problems is a feeling of tightness or pain in the chest, a condition known as angina. If you feel chest pain with any regularity, even if not particularly severely, a medical check-up is advisable to make sure you catch any problems as early as possible. Angina can be controlled very well by medication in many cases, and doesn’t necessarily have to develop into full-blown heart disease. How to detect and combat your genetic predisposition to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases Wearing a 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM), which could detects any abnormalities that you doctors might miss during check-up 92 Advanced lipid testing: Doctors reveal the old tests aiming to detect irregular levels of LDL (the bad cholesterol) are obsolete. The most effective way is by detecting the levels of the blood lipid. For instance, the VAP test components will separate the cholesterol compounds into smaller fractions. If the density of good as well as of the bad cholesterol levels are balanced, then you have nothing to worry about. Regular tests will not be able to tell you that though, as they detect the cardiovascular predisposition in only 40% of the cases. The VAT test also measures the triglycerides and total cholesterol. 93 Genetic testing takes a look at your DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid), by analysing the DNA strand and discovering illness patterns. The research and analysis aimed at this particular goal have, so far, found genetic links to diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and arthritis. There is potential, according to various researchers, for even more genetic links to human illnesses to be found somewhere in human DNA. 94 Alternative healing practices: Grounding Techniques You can use the grounding techniques to cut loose from your emotional pain, as most people see it as a "healthy detachment". Lisa Najavitas, PHD, states that "grounding 'anchors’ you to the present and to reality". Are you at a place in your life where you aren’t attracting the love you want? Has your current relationship lost its sizzle? What prevents you from being ‘in love’? How much energy do you exert 95 NOT to love yourself or others? It takes more effort NOT to love, than to love. Want More Love and Joy? In order to make room for what you do want, you have to release and let go of the things you don’t want. To attract what you want, you will want to let go of everything that keeps you away from Love. Like attracts like. Unless you want to continue on your current path, you are probably overdue of letting go of emotional pain of a break-up, past failures or the need for approval. Maybe you continuously seek recognition at work or have unrealistic expectations for yourself. Thoughts like, “I’m not attractive” or “I will never have a loving relationship” need to be purged. Are you resisting painful experiences from your past? Are you doing everything you can to forget the past? Maybe you think 96 that the more you put your past behind you, the less effect it will have on you. Do you spend hours contemplating problems? When you focus on your problems, they persist. Your contempt for your problems fuels and strengthens them. The more energy you direct to your problems and pain, you create ‘stress’ and ‘dis-ease’. Do you find yourself watching endless hours of TV? Are you trying to escape emotional and spiritual pain by taking drugs or alcohol? Do you overeat to escape the pain? Do you use your computer for hours on end to escape? What distractions take you out of being present with what you are feeling? Stored up pain such as hatred, anger, fear, frustration, apathy, depression etc. become scattered in your body and energetic space. Releasing Stuck Pain or Resistance If you have ever been light-headed from hunger and then felt a sigh of contentment as you fed your body the perfect meal, 97 you’ve experienced grounding. If you’ve ever melted into the back rub you got from a trusted person at the end of a stressful day, you’ve experienced being grounded. Grounding is a simple process of connecting to the Earth that many people do naturally throughout the course of a day. Anything that brings you to the sense of pleasure and release is grounding. When you are grounded, you feel centered focused, and present. People connect with their bodies and the Earth in many ways: through touch and body work, through eating, through being out in nature or in water, through contact with animals and through healthy sex. Visualizing, an imaginary grounding cord, is a way to release foreign energy from your body so that it can experience love and joy. Create a Path for Releasing to Feel Safe and Happy. A grounding cord provides a way to flush out pent up energy and emotion so 98 you can feel good about yourself. It is a way to move energy as it comes towards you, rather than letting it get stuck in the body. When foreign energy gets stuck in the body, it stops the natural flow of energy and might manifest as depression, a migraine headache, aches, pain, or eventually illness. Effortless Release Every Day for More Love Grounding works much like a drain or waterfall. When you pour water down the drain you probably never wonder ….:”where did it go?” Be patient with yourself and have fun with your new toy. Grounding becomes as natural like breathing or smiling with practice. Consider releasing other people’s problems, your worries and anxiety that are weighing you down… Keep it simple and stay amused with yourself. Tune into being in harmony with this process of grounding and letting everything go effortlessly. 99 Grounding is such an invaluable tool in healing yourself that it’s worth taking the time to be sure you can do it easily and comfortably. With practice, you can train yourself to be connected with the earth all of the time. Don’t create any limits for yourself on how much you can release without effort. Steps: Grounding can be performed anywhere, whenever you feel you need a moment to get rid of drug cravings or emotional pain, relax and regain your true self. In order to get started you need to clear your mind. Remain neutral, whilst focusing on natural elements, such as the sun, or the sky. Imagine you are in a safe place. Distract yourself by playing different games, such as ‘categories’, or focus on describing an activity you enjoy, cooking, painting, etc. Think of your favorite soap opera, while unravelling the course of action in your head. 100 Plan relaxing activities to do in the near future (going to the spa, go see a movie, etc). While you do that, try to feel the water underneath you (if you decide to do grounding near the shore), feel the sand between your fingers. Alternatively if you are grounding at your office, then grab a pen, your chair, anything, you can even press your feet against the floor to remember that you are connected to the ground, to the surrounding environment. Whenever you feel you are tense, practice grounding as often as you need, and for at least a half hour. 101 Final words As you can see, there are many factors that you might have been unaware of the fact that they pose a real threat to your overall well-being, especially to your cardiovascular health. In order to prevent any inflammatory heart diseases, it is also recommended to follow a diet, containing the food items listed below: 102 By avoiding stress and relaxing, exercising, and maintaining your overall levels of blood pressure and cholesterol, among others, within normal parameters, you will surely be able to prevent any cardiovascular disorders. In addition, it is also recommended to follow these next few recommendations: Fill up on fiber. Not only does fiber help lower levels of LDL (“bad”) cholesterol, it can aid weight management. Being overweight raises your risk of heart failure by a third, while being obese doubles it. While two-thirds of Americans are too heavy, only half get enough fiber. Top sources include oats, beans, raspberries, blackberries, oranges and green peas. Go bananas. 99 percent of women and 90 percent of men do not get enough potassium in their diet. Responsible for regulating the fluid balance in our cells, potassium also 103 blunts the effects of excess sodium. Too much sodium and too little potassium is a recipe for high blood pressure. Strike a healthier balance by cutting back on salt and increasing potassium intake with bananas, potatoes, broccoli and kiwi. Say “no” to that extra cup of joe. Four or more cups of daily brew could elevate blood levels of homocysteine, an amino acid associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Drinking more than two cups of coffee a day can harden the arteries and contribute to arteriosclerosis. Switch to tea; its heart-healthy benefits include lower blood pressure and reduced inflammation. “Beet” heart disease. Beets contain the antioxidant betanin, which can help keep LDL cholesterol from clogging your arteries, according to a study published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Moreover, this root vegetable is a good source of folic acid, which 104 helps to break down that heart-hurtin’ homocysteine. Top sources of folic acid include spinach, broccoli, romaine lettuce and papaya. Become a calmer, better listener. University of Baltimore researchers found that people with “dominant personalities” had a 47 percent higher risk of heart disease when compared to their more patient, passive peers. So how do you know if you’re “dominant”? Another study identified several markers – including the tendency to interrupt! The “L” word your heart truly longs for: lycopene. This heart-healthy phytonutrient -; found in tomatoes, watermelon and pink grapefruit – may lower cholesterol levels and reduce inflammation. Harvard researchers found that eating seven or more servings of tomatoes a week might reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by 30 percent. 105 Choose healthy fats. Monounsaturated fats (think olive oil, avocado, nuts) – when used in place of saturated fats (think butter, bacon, beef) - help lower cholesterol. Another healthy fat – omega 3 – helps reduce inflammation. Omega 3 sources include wild salmon, walnuts and flaxseed. Ode to soy. Twenty-five grams of soy protein per day can help lower cholesterol, according to the American Heart Association. Soy’s other heart-healthy nutrients include folic acid and magnesium (which helps maintain normal blood pressure). Soymilk, edamame, tofu and soynuts are just some of the many ways to enjoy soy. Go for a raise. In HDL cholesterol, that is. Higher levels of this “good” cholesterol can be almost as important as low levels of LDL cholesterol at keeping cardiovascular disease at bay. In addition to exercise, quitting smoking and 106 limiting trans-fats, a University of Scranton study found that drinking cranberry juice could help boost HDL levels. In summary, living a healthy lifestyle while keeping an eye out for the symptoms will greatly reduce the risk of your life being devastated by heart disease. 107