Integumentary Study Guide
Anatomy
Arrector Pili - muscle that causes the skin to pucker around a hair when exposed to a
sudden chill
Cortex – outer layer of hair shaft
Dermis - hair follicle originates in this layer of the skin.
nerves, blood vessels, and glands are located here
Epidermis – outer most layer of the skin
Hair - structure that is an appendage of the skin
Grows from a hollow tube/Follicle
Melanin - pigment that gives color to the skin
Melanocytes - cells in the skin are stimulated when exposed to sunlight and cause a
darkening of the skin
Nail Bed – called the Matrix
Nose Hair & Epithelial Lining - function of smell and protection
Papillae - the ridges of the Stratum Germinativum(part of Epidermis)
provide resistance to slipping when grasping and holding objects
Sebum – oil secreted by Sebaceous Gland for hair and skin
Subcutaneous - innermost layer of the skin
Sudoriferous Glands – medical term for sweat glands
Produces odor when mixed with bacteria
Functions of the Skin
Absorption – skin function enabling the use of topical medication
Production Vit D – Produced with exposure of the skin to ultraviolet sun light
Protection - Integumentary function providing the body's first line of defense against
harmful substances
Regulates Body Temp - evaporation of perspiration enables this function of the
integumentary system
Sensory Perception - function of the integumentary system responsible for skin
receptors for touch, cold, and pain
Rule of Nines – method of measuring % of body that’s burned
Disorders
1st Degree Burn – burn with redness but no blisters eg. burn hand on a hot light bulb
Treat first with cold water
2nd Degree Burn - blister formation
3rd Degree Burn - complete destruction of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous
layer
Alopecia - when the normal hair is replaced by a very short, transparent hair
Acne – common chronic disorder of the skin associated with Sebaceous glands which
produce an increased amount of sebum during adolescence
- oily deposits harden and pores become plugged, secretions cannot escape, they fill
with Leukocytes
Athlete’s Foot – Contagious fungal disorder prevented by practicing good personal
hygiene, not sharing towels, and wearing shower shoes in locker room
Basal Cell Carcinoma - the most common and least malignant form of cancer
Cancer/Skin – associated with exposure to direct sunlight and considered primary
cause
Dermatitis - An inflammation of the skin that produces a rash caused by coming in
contact with allergens, frequent hand-washing, or exposure to chemicals
Herpes Simplex - skin condition that is also classified as a sexually transmitted
infection
-causes potential infection of a newborn baby
Herpes Zoster - medical term for shingles
Hordeolum - medical term for a tiny abscess at the base of any eyelash
Impetigo - vesicles that rupture and develop yellow crust.
Melanoma - skin lesion that suddenly appears with irregular borders, multiple colors,
and is increasing size
Ringworm - caused by a fungus
Scabies - skin rash with severe itching and mites
Wart - viral skin lesion that can recur after removal
physician can treat with liquid nitrogen.