ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY
Match the description with the correct system using the word bank below.
Circulatory
Integumentary
Respiratory
Digestive
Muscular
Skeletal
Endocrine
Nervous
Urinary
Immune
Reproductive

_Nervous____________ System – Receives, processes, transmits information; coordinates all body systems.

_Endocrine__________ System – Regulates homeostasis with chemicals known as hormones.

_Skeletal____________ System – Supports and protects body parts.

_Muscular___________ System – Produces movement.

_Integumentary_______ System – Physical barrier against pathogens, injury, dehydration.

_Circulatory__________ System – Transports O2, CO2 , nutrients, wastes.

_Respiratory_________ System – Responsible for exchange of O2, CO2

_Immune____________ System – Destroys pathogens

_Digestive___________ System – Breaks down food molecules to absorbable monomers

_Urinary_____________ System – Washes blood; regulates blood volume

_Reproductive________ System – Produces gametes; site of embryo development in females
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
(pp. 807-809)
I. Function
 Protection
 Sensory Information
 Regulation of Body Temperature
 Vitamin Production – The skin produces Vitamin _D__, needed for _strong bones__, when exposed to
_sunlight__.
II. Structure – The skin is composed of three layers:
A. Epidermis
1. Basal Layer – Contains cells that are actively going through _mitosis_______. As new cells are
produced, older cells are _pushed toward surface________. There are two important proteins made by
specialized cells in the epidermis:
a. Keratin - _Waterproofs__ skin.
b. Melanin - _Dark brown___ pigment; protects skin from _UV light________
2. Outer Layer – As the epidermal cells are pushed away from blood vessels, they _die____ so the
outermost epidermal layer consists of _dead___ cells filled with _keratin___ that are eventually
_sloughed off______.
B. Dermis – Inner, thicker layer that contains _collagen____ for strength and _elastin___ for elasticity.
Structures found in the dermis include:
1. Blood vessels – Provide _O2___ and _glucose____ to cells; remove _wastes_______. Also help to
maintain a constant body temperature. Heat can be conserved when blood vessels near the surface of the
skin _constrict_____, or heat can be released when blood vessels _dilate__________.
2. Hair follicles - _Mitosis____ occurs in follicle to produce hair. Hair consists of _dead___ cells filled with
_keratin____. Small muscles are attached to each follicle that pull hairs upright when stimulated by
_cold, fear______
3. Nail follicles – Produced in same manner as hair. Purpose of nails is to _protect___ fingertips &
toetips.
4. Sensory receptors
5. Glands – There are two types of glands located in the dermis:
a. Oil – Produce oil to _lubricate skin_______
b. Sweat - _Evaporation_____ of the perspiration produced by these glands requires energy in the
form of _heat____, which is drawn from the skin and results in cooling.
C. Hypodermis – Innermost layer that stores _fat____.
III. Skin Damage & Disorders
A. Burns – Classified according to depth of damage
1. First degree – Damage only to _epidermis_____. Skin appears
_red___, but without _blisters____. May be caused by _sun, brief contact
with hot object________
2. Second degree – Damage through _epidermis__ to _dermis_. Most
painful of all burns. Skin is _red___ with _blisters____. May be caused by
_longer exposure to sun, hot objects______.
3. Third degree – Destroys _epidermis____; damage extends into
_dermis_. Skin usually appears _blackened, charred____. May be caused
by _fire, electricity, chemicals, NOT sun!__
B. Skin Cancer – Most important risk factor is _sun exposure__________.
The most serious type of skin cancer is _melanoma______.