Cuts, Scrapes, and Bruises
 The layers of the skin
 Fat
 Muscle

Any time the soft tissues are damaged
or torn the body is threatened.

Closed Wounds: When blood and fluids seep
into surrounding tissues causing the area to
swell and change color.
 Bruises (most do not require medical attention)
 Blunt force trauma
 There is internal bleeding (simple to severe)

Care: Apply direct pressure to the area
Applying cold is effective in the early stages.

Open Wounds: Break in the skin. The
amount of bleeding depends upon the
location and severity.
 4 main types
▪ Abraision
▪ Laceration
▪ Avulsion
▪ Puncture

Care: Compress and Dress


Abrasion: Something
rough rubbing against the
skin causing the skin to
break and capillaries to be
broken.
Laceration: Cut to the skin
caused by a sharp object or
a blunt force splits the
skin.
Avulsions: a portion of the
skin and sometimes other
soft tissue is partially or
completely torn away.
(all torn is an amputation)
 Puncture: a pointed object
piercing the skin usually
they do not bleed.



Signals: swelling,
redness, pus, fever, ill
feeling, warm area,
throbbing, red streaks
toward the heart.
Tetanus: a severe
infection, a disease
caused by bacteria that
produces a powerful
poison in the body.






Uncontrolled Bleeding
Bleeding from an artery
Wounds that show muscle
or bone
Deeply imbedded objects
Human or animal bites
If left unstitched could
leave conspicuous scars

Occlusive Dressing
A bandage that closes the
wound or damaged area
and prevents it from
being exposed to the air.


Bandages
All are pressure
 Adhesive bandages
 Bandage compress
Plastic wrap
 Roller bandages
 Elastic roller bandages

A tight band placed
around an arm or leg
to constrict blood
vessels in order to stop
blood flow to a wound.

Heat (Thermal)

Chemicals

Electricity

Radiation (incl. Sun)


Superficial
involves the top layer of skin
skin is red and dry – painful
heals in about a week
Partial Thickness
Involves the top layers of skin
Red, painful – blisters may weep clear fluid
May scar heals in about 3 – 4 weeks

Full Thickness
May destroy all layers of skin
May be painful or painless – charred skin
Scarring likely – healing may require med. assistance

Severed Body Parts

Embedded Objects

Nose, Mouth, Lip Injuries

Tooth Injuries

Injuries to the Chest
 Can be open or closed

Abdominal Injuries
 Can be open or closed