Unit I- US Political History
Unit II - U.S. Foreign Policy History to WWII
Ch. 21 Section 4
Losing the Peace
10th American History
Unit II- U.S. Foreign Affairs
Reading Quiz for Chapter 21 Sect. 4
1. What was the Versailles Treaty?
2. What was Wilson’s 14 Points?
3. What was the most poisonous provision of the Versailles
Treaty that would lead to WWII?
4. What was the League of Nations?
5. What was the U.S. opposition to the Versailles Treaty?
6. What feature of the League of Nations was most opposed
by Americans?
7. Name one of two Senators that opposed the League of
Nations?
8. What happened to Wilson as he tried to directly appeal to
the American people about the League of Nations?
The Peace Conference in Paris 1918
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Wilson
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14 points- Wilson’s only
purpose at the
conference.
Others were critical of
Wilson- called him the
Preacher of the world. To
worried about all of

mankind. God only has
10 commandments.
Mistake- Wilson didn’t

chose any Republicans or
Senators to be on the

American Peace
Commission.
The Big Four
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Prime Minister Lloyd George of
Great Britain
Premier Vittorio Orlando of Italy
Premier Georges Clemenceau of
France
President Woodrow Wilson of the
U.S.
The other three powers wanted as
much land, wealth, and power for
their countries as possible.
The other three powers wanted
German repayment for cost of war.
The other three powers wanted to
punish the enemies so they could
never rise again.
Versailles Treaty
The Treaty ended up being not as selfish, vengeful or as
noble as everyone had wanted.
The Big Four
The main terms of the Versailles Treaty were:
(1) the surrender of all German colonies as League
of Nations mandates;
(2) the return of Alsace-Lorraine to France;
(3) cession of Eupen-Malmedy to Belgium, Memel to
Lithuania, the Hultschin district to Czechoslovakia,
(4) Poznania, parts of East Prussia and Upper Silesia
to Poland;
(5) Danzig to become a free city;
(6) plebiscites to be held in northern Schleswig to
settle the Danish-German frontier;
(12) limitation of Germany's
(7) occupation and special status for the Saar under
army to 100,000 men with no
French control
(8) demilitarization and a fifteen-year occupation of
the Rhineland;
9) German reparations of £6,600 million;
(10) a ban on the union of Germany and Austria;
(11) an acceptance of Germany's guilt in causing the
war; (11) provision for the trial of the former Kaiser
and other war leaders;
conscription, no tanks, no heavy
artillery, no poison-gas supplies,
no aircraft and no airships;
(13) the limitation of the
German Navy to vessels under
100,000 tons, with no
submarines;
•REPARATIONS- Most poisonous
provision of treaty.
•Payments from Germans to
“repair” all war damage.
•British and French felt
damages should include the
total costs of war
(everything). Sum so huge it
could not be named, and the
Germans would be paying for
ever.
•Germany signed the Versailles
Treaty under protest. The USA
Congress refused to ratify the
treaty. Many people in France
and Britain were angry that there
was no trial of the Kaiser or the
other war leaders
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an international organization
created after the First World War.
The Covenant establishing the League was part of the
Treaty of Versailles.
The aims of the League were to promote international cooperation and to achieve international peace and
security.
The League of Nations was an association of states which
had pledged themselves, through signing the
Covenant not to go to war before submitting their
disputes with each other, or states not members of the
League, to arbitration or enquiry.
The League of Nations formally came into existence on
January 10, 1920. The two official languages of the
League were English and French. The headquarters
of the League was Geneva, Switzerland.
The main organs of the League of Nations were the General
Assembly, the Council and the Secretariat. The Council
included four permanent members (Britain, France, Italy
and Japan) and four (later nine) others elected by the
General Assembly every three years.
Armillary sphere, a symbol
of the League of Nations,
Opposition
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Wilson returns a hero.
Senate needs to approve Versailles
Treaty.
Americans afraid of League of
Nations and Article 10- each member
promises to respect and preserve all
the other members against “external
aggression”. Threatens our
independence.
Senate leaders Borah and Lodge lead
opposition. Lodge doesn’t trust
Wilson
Wison suffers stroke taking his
appeal to the people.
Wouldn’t work with Senator Lodge.
Harding wins the election of 1920 and
America never approves the
Versailles Treaty or joins the League
of Nations.
William Borah
Henry Cabot Lodge