Cellular Processes
Week 1: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular
Respiration
I Can
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I can describe the difference
between autotrophs and
heterotrophs
I can describe the events that
occur during cellular respiration.
I can describe the role that
mitochondria play in cellular
respiration.
Vocabulary

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Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
Carbohydrates
Glucose
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Processes
Obtaining and Using Energy
Characteristic
of Living
Organisms

All living things
obtain and use
energy
Absorbing from the soil
Absorbing from the sun
How do living
organisms
obtain energy?
Consuming other organisms
Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs

An organism
that makes its
own food.
An organism that
CANNOT make its own
food.
Example:
Example
How does food
provide energy?


The energy from sunlight
is saved in the form of
food molecules called
carbohydrates (sugars).
When we eat food we are
taking in this “saved” or
“stored” energy.
How does food provide
energy?
Energy
When cells need energy, they
will “withdraw” it by breaking
down the food molecules.
Energy
Cellular Respiration

When cells break down simple
food molecules (such as sugars) to
release the stored energy they
contain.
Where in the cell does
respiration occur?
Near & IN the MITOCHONDRIA
Two Stages of Respiration
Stage 2
Stage 1
Where?
In the
cytoplasm
What?
Sugar molecules
are broken down
into smaller
molecules AND
SOME ENERGY
is released.
Where?
In the
mitochondria
What?
The smaller
molecules are
broken down
even more AND
MORE ENERGY
is released.
How Heterotrophs Obtain
Energy…
Digestive
system
Bloodstream
Cells
Mitochondria
Cell Respiration 1 Exit Slip
1.
2.
3.
What is cellular respiration?
Which organelle is involved in cellular
respiration?
Order the following events
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4.
Kamron’s digestive system breaks down the sandwich
molecules to simpler sugar molecules.
In the cytoplasm the sugar molecules are broken
down and some energy is released.
Kamron eats his sandwich
The simple sugar molecules travel through the
bloodstream to the cell
In the mitochondria, the molecules are broken down
more and MORE energy is released.
Are heterotrophs dependent on the sun? Why
or why not?
Raw Material

Raw material: the “stuff” (or
materials) you need to start the
process.
Product

Product: the “stuff” that you end up with (is
produced as a result of the process).
What do we need to start
cellular respiration?
1. Sugars (glucose)
2. Oxygen
Sugars (glucose)
–
–
In science this is represented by C6H1206
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C=Carbon
H=Hydrogen
O=Oxygen
Its basically a “recipe” for glucose. The
numbers just tell you how many atoms of
each element to “add to the recipe”.
Oxygen
–
–
In science this is represented by 02
We need 6 molecules of oxygen to start
cellular respiration.
What do we need to start
cellular respiration?
C6H1206 + 602
Glucose
Oxygen
“yields”
Inside the Mitochondria….
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In the mitochondria the broken down
molecules of glucose combine with
oxygen to produce water and carbon
dioxide.
Basically the atoms in the raw
materials are rearranged to give us
new products.
What are the products of
cellular respiration?
6C02 + 6H20 + Energy
Carbon
Dioxide
Water
Used to
power
cells.
Re-arranging Atoms…
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
During this process atoms are rearranged not created!
There will be the same number of
each atom at the beginning of
cellular respiration as there are at
the end.
C6H1206 + 602
6C02 + 6H20 + Energy
Type of Atom
Total Number
Type of Atom
Total Number
Carbon
6
Carbon
6
Hydrogen
12
Hydrogen
12
Oxygen
18
Oxygen
18
I Can…
I
CAN describe the role of
chloroplasts in
photosynthesis
 I CAN describe the process
of photosynthesis
Vocabulary
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Photosynthesis
Pigments
Chlorophyll
Stomata
Photosynthesis

The process by which a cell captures
energy in sunlight and uses it to
make food.
Pigment

Colored chemical
compounds that
absorb light.
Chlorophyll

The main
photosynthetic
pigment in
chloroplasts
(gives plants
their green
color!)
Stomata

Small openings in the underside of
leaves.
What do we need to start
photosynthesis?
Sunlight
Energy
6H20 + 6C02
Water
Carbon
Dioxide
“yields”
How do plants obtain CO2?

From the
air, through
its stomata.
How do plants obtain water?

From the
ground,
through its
roots.
What are the products of
photosynthesis?
C6H1206 + 602
Glucose
Oxygen
What happens to the products?


Oxygen is
released to the
air.
The sugars
produced are
used by the plant
cells for energy.
How do plants release O2?

Through
their
stomata into
the air!
Two Stages of Photosynthesis
Stage 1: Light
Dependent
Where? Chloroplasts
What?
Chloroplasts in
plant cells
capture energy
from sunlight.
Stage 2: Light
Independent
Where?
Chloroplasts
What?
The captured
light energy is
used to
produce sugars
and oxygen
from water and
carbon dioxide
Photosynthesis Equation
6C02+6H20
C6H1206 +602
I Can…

Compare and contrast cellular
respiration and photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis vs. Cellular
Respiration
A Cycle
Opposite Processes
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You can think of
photosynthesis
and respiration
as opposite
processes.
Let’s compare
their raw
materials and
their products…
Photosynthesis
Cellular
Respiration
Raw
Materials
CO2 and
H2O
O2 and
C6H12O6
Products
O2 and
C6H12O6
CO2 and
H2O
A Cycle

Together,
photosynthesis
and cellular
respiration form a
cycle that keeps
the levels of
oxygen and carbon
dioxide fairly
constant in the
Earth’s
atmosphere.
Comparing and Contrasting
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As you watch the BrainPOPs, fill in
your graphic organizer with key
information.