Engineering Branches
Dom Dal Bello
Engineering 100
Allan Hancock College
Engineering Branches
1
United States Engineers
2002: 1.5 million (U.S. Pop: 288M)
To nearest thousand:
1. Electrical:
292,000
(Electrical/Electronics)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Civil:
Mechanical:
Industrial:
Aerospace:
Computer:
228,000
215,000
194,000
78,000
75,000
(Hardware)
http://bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm
Engineering Branches
2
United States Engineers
2008: 1.6 million +100k since 2002 (U.S. Pop: 304M)
To nearest thousand:
1. Electrical:
302,000
+10k since 2002
278,000
239,000
215,000
75,000
+50k
(Electrical/Electronics)
2.
3.
4.
5.
Civil:
Mechanical:
Industrial:
Computer:
+24k
+21k
0
(Hardware)
6. Aerospace:
72,000
-6k
http://bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm, Sept. 9, 2010
Engineering Branches
3
Engineers
 Environmental
 Chemical
 Materials
 Petroleum
 Nuclear
 Biomedical
 Marine/Naval Arch.
 Mining/Geological
 Agriculture
 Architectural
 Manufacturing
 Systems
http://bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm
Engineering Branches
4
Percentages (U.S)
Engineering Branches
1% ~ 16,000
5
Electrical Engineering
• Largest branch
• Design devices and systems that use
electricity
• Institute for Electrical
and Electronics
Engineers (I.E.E.E.)
(38 technical societies in I.E.E.E.)
Engineering Branches
6
Electrical Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
Electronics
Communications
Power
Controls
Instrumentation
Design of circuits & devices
to produce, amplify and
rectify (modify/filter)
electric signals.
Use transistors,
semiconductors,
integrated circuits (ICs).
Engineering Branches
7
Electrical Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
Electronics
Communications
Power
Controls
Instrumentation
Entertainment to military.
Cell phones, video teleconferencing.
Lasers, fiber-optics,
wireless.
Data transmission (data,
voice, video).
Engineering Branches
8
Electrical Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
Electronics
Communications
Power
Controls
Instrumentation
Production, Transmission
and Distribution.
Hydroelectric, steam,
nuclear, solar, wind, fuel
cells.
Transmission lines, motors,
generators.
Engineering Branches
9
Electrical Engineering
• Electronics
Automated
Feedback
Loopoperations and
processes (robotics).
• Communications
To
Compare a measured To
• Power
quantity to desired result;
T
-T
in o Action
Desired
difference causesActual
a signal
• Controls
Response
e.g.,
that adjusts input Response
)
f(thermostats,
=k(Tin-To) Tcruise
(output)
•(input
Instrumentation
Tin
o
control).
Generic Control Process
Engineering Branches
10
Electrical Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
Electronics
Communications
Power
Controls
Instrumentation
Use electronic devices to
measure pressure,
temperature, speed,
voltage, etc.
Process, store, transmit
data.
Engineering Branches
11
Mechanical Engineering
• Broadest branch.
• Design power-producing machines and
engines, and power-using machines.
• American Society of
Mechanical Engineers
(A.S.M.E.)
(founded 1880;
32 technical divisions in 7 groups;
and 3 institutes)
Engineering Branches
12
Mechanical Engineering
• Energy
• Design of
Structures and
Motion of
Mechanical
Systems
• Manufacturing
Production and Transfer.
Energy Conversion (e.g.,
heat to mechanical).
Design and Operate
Power Plants.
HVAC (heat., vent. & air cond).
Refrigeration and
Heat Exchangers.
Solar, Geothermal, Wind.
Engineering Branches
13
Mechanical Engineering
• Energy
• Design of
Structures and
Motion of
Mechanical
Systems
• Manufacturing
Cars, trucks, tractors, trains,
planes, space vehicles.
Lathes, mills, grinders, drills,
tools.
Copiers, computers.
Medical devices and
equipment.
Pressure vessels and pipes.
Engineering Branches
14
Mechanical Engineering
• Energy
• Design of
Structures and
Motion of
Mechanical
Systems
• Manufacturing
Design processes to convert
raw materials into products.
Design equipment.
Design machines to make
machines.
Manufacturing processes.
Automation and robotics.
Increase efficiency.
Engineering Branches
15
ASME Groups and Divisions
http://divisions.asme.org/
Basic
Engineering
Technical
Energy
Conversion
Group Group
Engr.
&Mechanics
Tech. Management
Group
• •Applied
Environment
&
Transportation
Grp
Internal
Combustion
Engine
Manufacturing
Technical
Group
• •Management
Mechanics,
is the study
of how mediaGroup
responds to external stimuli
• •Bioengineering
Pressure
Technology
Aerospace
Nuclear
Engineering
System
and
Design
Group
• •Manufacturing
Engineering
(e.g.,
includes
analytical
and
experimental
studies in:
• •forces),
Safety
Engineering
&
Risk
Analysis
• •Fluids
Engineering
Nondestructive
Evaluation
Environmental
Engineering
Power
•
Computers
and
Information
Engineering
- Biomechanics
Geomechanics
•
Materials
Handling
Engineering
•
Technology
&
Society
• •Transfer
Pressure
Vessels
and Piping
• •Noise
Control
&
Acoustics
-• Composite
materials
- Hydrodynamics
•Heat
Advanced
Energy
Systems
Design
Engineering
Plantmethods
Engineering
and Maintenance
-• Computing
Lubrication
Materials
• •Rail
Transportation
•
Solar
Energy
•
Dynamic
Systems
and Control
Process
Industries
-• Dynamics
Mechanical
properties
of matls
Tribology
(friction)
•
Materials
&
Energy
Recovery
• Electronic
& Photonic Packaging
- Elasticity
- Micromechanics
- Experimental
Methods
failure
• Fluid
Power- Plasticity
Systemsand
and
Technology
- Fluid dynamics
- Plates and shells
•
Information
Storage & Processing Systems
- Fracture
- Wave propagation
• Microelectromechanical
(MEMS)
The Applied
Mechanics Division is one of theSystems
oldest and largest
divisions
of ASME. Prof. Stephen P. Timoshenko, was the first Chairman.
Engineering Branches
16
Civil Engineering
• Oldest branch
• Plan, design and supervise the
construction of facilities:
buildings, transit systems, water supply
and treatment, etc.
• American Society of
Civil Engineers (A.S.C.E.)
(8 institutes, 11 technical divisions)
Engineering Branches
17
Civil Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Structural
Transportation
Environmental
Water Resources
Geotechnical
Surveying
Construction
Design bridges,
buildings, dams, tunnels,
tanks, transmission towers,
offshore platforms, satellites.
Analyze forces on structures.
Select components &
materials to ensure
structures strong, stable and
durable.
Structural Dynamics.
Engineering Branches
18
Civil Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Structural
Transportation
Environmental
Water Resources
Geotechnical
Surveying
Construction
Safe efficient movement of
people and goods.
Highways, roads, harbors,
ports, mass transit, airports,
railroads.
Gas, oil and other transport
systems.
Engineering Branches
19
Civil Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Structural
Transportation
Environmental
Water Resources
Geotechnical
Surveying
Construction
Control / prevent / eliminate:
air / water / soil pollution.
Design / operate:
water systems, waste water
and sewage systems,
garbage disposal systems,
air quality control systems,
recycling systems.
Toxic clean-up and pesticide
control.
Engineering Branches
20
Civil Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Structural
Transportation
Environmental
Water Resources
Geotechnical
Surveying
Construction
Ensure availability, delivery.
Develop new sources.
Harbors, rivers, coastal
protection.
Flood control, irrigation,
drainage.
Hydro-electric facilities.
Engineering Branches
21
Civil Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Structural
Transportation
Environmental
Water Resources
Geotechnical
Surveying
Construction
Study properties of soil / rock
on which structures are
placed.
How does ground support
the loads?
Dams, levees, foundations,
offshore, settlement, stability
of slopes, seepage of
ground water.
Earthquakes.
Engineering Branches
22
Civil Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Structural
Transportation
Environmental
Water Resources
Geotechnical
Surveying
Construction
Mapping construction sites –
buildings, pipes, utilities.
Locate property lines.
LEGAL issues – requires
state license.
Satellites, aerial/terrestrial
photography, computer
processing, GPS.
Engineering Branches
23
Civil Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Structural
Transportation
Environmental
Water Resources
Geotechnical
Surveying
Construction
Technical
& management skills.
Plan and build facilities that
other engineers and
architects design.
Estimate costs, equipment &
personnel needs.
Supervise construction,
operating and startup.
Know methods, equipment.
Engineering Branches
24
ASCE Technical Institutes
• Architectural Engineering Institute (AEI) 1998
–
all professionals in the building industry
• Coasts, Oceans, Ports, and Rivers Institute (COPRI) 2000
• Construction Institute (CI)
–
Construction and Materials Divisions at ASCE. … suppliers, testing laboratories, bonding agencies,
insurance providers, financial firms, accounting firms, and legal firms
• Engineering Mechanics Institute (EMI)
–
fourteen technical committees
• Environmental & Water Resources Institute (EWRI) 1999
•
Geo-Institute (G-I) 1996
–
improving the environment, mitigating natural hazards, and economically constructing engineered facilities.
• Structural Engineering Institute (SEI) 1996
• Transportation & Development Institute (T&DI)
Engineering Branches
25
Other ASCE Tech. Groups
• Technical Activities Committee (TAC) oversees all the technical groups
within ASCE that are not currently part of the ASCE Institutes.
• DIVISIONS
 Aerospace
 Energy
 Geomatics
 Pipeline
• TECHNICAL COUNCILS
 Cold Regions Engineering
 Computing and Engineering
Technology
 Disaster Risk Management
 Forensic Engineering
 Lifeline Earthquake Engineering
 Wind Engineering
Engineering Branches
26
Computer Engineering
• Fastest growing branch in 1990s.
• Design computer hardware & firmware.
• Started within electrical engineering, but
requires specialized knowledge..
• Computer Engineering
vs.
Computer Science
Engineering Branches
27
Computer Engineering
• Hardware
• Firmware
Computer
– processor, chips, circuit
boards, networks,
devices, components.
– Architecture.
Peripherals
– Storage: disk, RAM, ROM.
– Output: printer, monitor, speaker.
– Input: keyboard, mouse, scanner.
– Communication: Internet.
Engineering Branches
28
Computer Engineering
• Hardware
• Firmware
Firmware is microcode
(software) that controls
the processors.
Firmware is the “internal
thought process” of the
computer that enables it
to perform basic
operations required by
software in general.
Engineering Branches
29
Computer Engineering
• Computer Science
• Comp. Scientists
write the programs.
Theory, design and
implementation of
software (an intangible
product).
Software: set of instructions
that hardware can read
and execute.
OS, AI, networking, comm.,
database, computerhuman interaction,
graphics, computations.
Engineering Branches
30
Industrial Engineering
• Develop efficient ways to use resources for a
process or to make a product. Management and
planning.
• Resources: people, machines, materials,
energy, information.
• Design and manage Quality
Control (QC) programs.
• Design facitilities and plants.
• Human and organizational
aspects of systems design.
Engineering Branches
31
Aerospace Engineering
• Commercial & military aircraft,
missiles, spacecraft.
• New technologies.
• Aerodynamics, propulsion,
thermodynamics, structures,
celestial mechanics, acoustics;
materials.
• Guidance and control systems.
Engineering Branches
32
Environmental Engineering
• Use Civil Engineering, Biology and Chemistry to
solve environmental problems.
• Air pollution, water management, water supply,
waste water, solid waste, public health,
hazardous waste.
• Clean up and prevent.
Engineering Branches
33
Chemical Engineering
• Use training in engineering and chemistry
to create usable products.
• Chemical production facilities;
manufacturing facilities that use chemicals.
• Plastics, building materials, food products,
pharmaceuticals, rubber, synthetic fibers,
petroleum products (plastics, shampoos,
perfume, fertilizers, petrochemicals).
• Environment: Clean up and prevent.
Engineering Branches
34
Materials Engineering
• Materials Science:
study what makes materials
strong, stiff, fracture, fatigue,
conductive, corrode, etc.
• Materials Engineering
http://www.testresources.com/
knowing the science…
– Develop ways/new materials that improve material
properties (strength, corrosion resistance, etc.)
– Select right material for the job (mechanical,
electrical, thermal, chemical properties, costs).
– Graphite golf clubs, tiles on space shuttle, high
strength/temperature alloys in turbines.
Engineering Branches
35
Metallurgical Engineering
• Extractive Metallurgy:
remove metal from ores,
refine, alloy.
• Physical Metallurgy:
study structure
(microstructure), properties,
processing  products.
• Mechanical Metallurgy:
The Internet Microscope
www.umist.ac.uk/intmic/
develop/improve metal
working processes (casting,
forging, rolling, drawing).
Engineering Branches
36
Ceramic Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
Non-metallic minerals, clays, silicates (sand).
Glassware, tiles, bricks.
Semiconductors.
Solar panels, insulators.
Fiber optics.
High temperature applications.
Engineering Branches
37
Bio/Biomedical Engineering
• Design diagnostic and
theraputic devices.
• Prostheses.
• Pace makers,
implants.
• Bio-compatible
materials.
• Blood analyzers,
imaging, lasers, life
support systems.
http://adam.about.com/surgery/100006.htm#
Engineering Branches
38
Architectural Engineering
• Architects are primarily
concerned with space use
and aesthetics.
• Architectural Engineers
are concerned with
building safety, cost, and
sound construction
methods.
Engineering Branches
39
Nuclear Engineering
• Design, construct and operate nuclear power
plant.
• Nuclear submarines, space power.
• Handle fuels, dispose of waste.
• Medical applications (imaging).
Engineering Branches
40
Petroleum Engineering
• Find and extract oil and
natural gas.
• Remove, transport and store.
• Design processes, equipment
and systems.
• Refine into useful products (fuel, plastics).
Engineering Branches
41
Ocean Engineering
Naval Architecture
• Ocean Engineers
Design offshore platforms, harbors, underwater
structures and machines.
• Naval Architects
Design ships and vessels.
Engineering Branches
42
Mining/Geological Engr.
• Find, remove and transport
(coal, metals, minerals).
• Design processes, equipment
and systems.
• Return ground to natural state.
Engineering Branches
43
Manufacturing Engineering
• Study behavior of materials.
• Design systems, equipment
and tools.
• Manage overall
manufacturing process.
Engineering Branches
44
Agricultural Engineering
• Food production, processing, marketing,
distribution.
• Agricultural equipment,
processes, structures.
• Power, machinery,
electricity.
• Soil, water, forestry,
bioengineering.
• “Everything” to do with Ag.
Engineering Branches
45
Systems Engineering
• Design, develop and operate large, complex
systems.
• Integration of components in a limited envelope.
(e.g., a Boeing 747 has ~ million parts).
• Math, computer applications,
queuing (ordering) theory,
simulation.
Engineering Branches
46
Other Engineering Branches
•
•
•
•
Fire Protection
Military
Optical
Software
Engineering Branches
47
UC Santa Barbara
College of Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
Chemical Engineering
Computer Science
Computer Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Materials Engineering (graduate)
Engineering Branches
48
Cal Poly San Luis Obispo
College of Engineering
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Aerospace (AERO)
Biomedical (BMED)
Civil (CE)
Computer Engr. (CMPE)
Computer Science (CSC)
Electrical (EE)
Environmental (ENVE)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
General (GENE)*
Industrial (IE)
Manufacturing (MFGE)
Materials (MATE)
Mechanical (ME)
Software (SE)
Fire Protection (graduate)
Engineering Branches
49
Cal Poly San Luis Obispo
College of Architecture &
Environmental Design
• Architectural Engineering (ARCE)
College of Agriculture
• Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering
(BRAE)
Engineering Branches
50