ENTRY LEVEL DRIVER TRAINING
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ENTRY LEVEL DRIVER TRAINING
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Driver Qualification
Driver Wellness
Hours of Service
Whistleblower Protection
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GENERAL DRIVER QUALIFICATION
• At least 21 years old.
• Can read, write, and speak
English.
• Have experience and/or training
to safely operate your vehicle.
• Pass required physical exam.
• Pass controlled substance test.
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GENERAL DRIVER QUALIFICATION
• Have valid motor vehicle operator’s
license.
• Provide employer with list of
violations over past 12 months.
• Are not disqualified to drive a CMV.
• Passed a road test.
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GENERAL DRIVER QUALIFICATION
• Can determine whether cargo is
properly loaded, distributed,
and secured.
• Are familiar with methods and
procedures for securing cargo
(both goods and passengers).
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PHYSICAL QUALIFICATIONS
• Must pass a physical exam.
• Must carry a certificate signed
by a medical examiner stating
you are physically qualified.
• Employer must keep a copy of
certificate in driver
qualification file .
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PHYSICAL QUALIFICATIONS
• You are not qualified if you have:
₋ Lost a foot, leg, hand, or arm.
₋ An impairment of a hand, finger,
arm, foot, or leg which interferes
with your ability to perform
normal tasks associated with
driving a CMV.
₋ Diabetes requiring insulin for
control.
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PHYSICAL QUALIFICATIONS
• You are not qualified if you have:
₋ Heart disease, which causes you
chest pain, fainting, or shortness
of breath.
₋ Chest or breathing problems like
chronic asthma, emphysema,
chronic bronchitis.
₋ High blood pressure likely to
interfere with driving.
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PHYSICAL QUALIFICATIONS
• You are not qualified if you have:
₋ Loss of movement or feeling in part
of your body.
₋ Any sickness which is likely to
cause loss of consciousness or any
loss of ability to control a CMV.
₋ Any mental problems likely to
interfere with your ability to drive a
CMV safely.
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PHYSICAL QUALIFICATIONS
• You are not qualified if you have:
₋ Poor vision that affects your
ability to see objects that are
far away, objects to the side, or
traffic signal colors.
₋ Poor hearing.
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PHYSICAL QUALIFICATIONS
• You are not qualified if you have:
₋ Used certain drugs (unless
prescribed by a doctor who has
advised you that use will not
adversely affect your ability to
safely operate a CMV).
₋ A current clinical diagnosis of
alcoholism.
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DRIVER DISQUALIFICATION (§391.15)
• You are disqualified if convicted of
any of the following while operating
a CMV:
₋ Driving with an alcohol
concentration of 0.04 percent or
more.
₋ Driving under the influence of
alcohol as prescribed by state law.
₋ Refusing to undergo alcohol
testing.
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DRIVER DISQUALIFICATION (§391.15)
•
You are disqualified if convicted of any
of the following while operating a
CMV:
₋ Operating under the influence of a
controlled substance.
₋ Transporting, possessing, or
unlawfully using drugs.
₋ Leaving the scene of an accident
involving a CMV.
₋ Committing a felony involving a CMV.
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DRIVER DISQUALIFICATION (§391.15)
• Disqualification period
ranges from 6 months to 3
years depending on severity
of the offense.
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DRIVER DISQUALIFICATION (§391.15)
• Violating an out-of-service
order disqualifies you for 90
days to 5 years.
• Penalties are more severe for
drivers of vehicles carrying
passengers or hazardous
materials.
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DRIVER DISQUALIFICATION (§383.51)
• Drivers who hold a CDL can be
disqualified for certain
offenses committed in any
type of vehicle.
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SCENARIO:
• Bob is about five miles away from his last delivery of the day.
After this quick stop, he’ll head back to the terminal,
complete his post-trip inspection, and go home. Just ahead of
him on the highway, a car hits a patch of ice, skids into
another car, and both vehicles end up in the ditch. Though
Bob witnessed the accident and was first to reach the scene,
he keeps on driving. He is in a hurry to finish his work day
and head home.
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SCENARIO:
•
Mary is very tired. She has put in several long days and plans to
stop at a hotel for the night when she gets to the next town,
about ten miles away. She is starting to feel the effects of fatigue
– yawning, trouble keeping her eyes open, and trouble keeping
her vehicle in the appropriate lane. A law enforcement officer
observes Mary’s vehicle weaving in and out of its lane. The
officer pulls Mary over, asks her a few basic questions, and does
a check of her operator’s license. The officer then asks Mary to
submit to a breath alcohol test. Mary is insulted by the officer’s
request and refuses.
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HOURS OF SERVICE (PROPERTY)
• 11-hour driving rule:
– All time behind the wheel is
driving time.
– Must have 10 consecutive
hours of rest after 11 hours
of driving time.
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QUIZ
1. You are qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle if
you:
a. Are at least 21 years old.
b. Pass a required physical exam.
c. Pass a road test.
d. All of the above.
2. You must carry a certificate signed by a medical examiner
that states you are physically qualified to drive a commercial
motor vehicle.
a. True b. False
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HOURS OF SERVICE (PROPERTY)
• 14-hour rule:
– May not drive after the 14th
consecutive hour after
coming on duty.
– Must have 10 consecutive
hours of rest .
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10 HOURS OFF-DUTY
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ON-DUTY TIME
• All time waiting to be dispatched unless…
395.2
• All time inspecting, servicing CMV.
• Drive time.
• In/on a CMV not SB.
• All time spent w/ a CMV (un)loading, supervising, assisting,
readiness.
• All time repairing, assistance disabled.
• All time spent traveling to/from/providing a drug/alcohol
specimen.
• Performing other work.
• Performing compensated non-motor carrier.
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HOURS OF SERVICE (PROPERTY)
• A driver may do non-driving
work after reaching the
60/70 hour limit, but the
hours must be added to the
total.
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HOURS OF SERVICE (PROPERTY)
• 60-hour/7-day and 70-hour/
8-day limit:
– A driver cannot drive after
having been on duty for 60
hours in any 7 consecutive
days or 70 hours in any 8
consecutive days.
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HOURS OF SERVICE - (PROPERTY-CARRYING)
• 34-hour restart:
– Any period of 7/8 days
may end with the start of a
34-hour off-duty period.
– Can only be used if
60/70-hour limit has not
been exceeded.
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LOGGING
Company Name
Main Office Address
1 Date 2 Miles Today 3 Truck & Trailer #s 4 Company Name 5 Signature 6 24 Hr Period Starting Time 7 Main
Office Address 8 City, State Duty Changes 9 Co-driver 10 Total Hrs Each Duty Status 11 Shipping Document
or Commodity
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HOURS OF SERVICE - (PROPERTY-CARRYING)
• Log keeping responsibilities:
– Entries must be current.
– Entries must be legible/in
driver’s own handwriting.
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HOURS OF SERVICE - (PROPERTY-CARRYING)
•
Record retention:
– Original record of duty status must be
submitted to the carrier within 13
days.
– Company policy: end of each trip.
– Keep a copy of each record for the
previous 7 consecutive days.
in your possession and available for
inspection while on duty.
– Carrier must keep records of duty
status and all supporting documents
for 6 months.
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LOG EXCEPTION: 100 AIR MILES
• Exempt from logging requirement if:
– Within 100 air-miles (115.08 statute miles).
– Returns to the work-reporting location & is released within
12 consecutive hours.
– Has at least 10 hours off separating each 12 hours onduty.
– Doesn’t exceed 11 hours maximum drive time following.
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LOG EXEMPTION: 16 HOUR DAY
• Return to normal work reporting location for 5 previous duty
“workdays”.
• Return to normal work reporting location within 16 hours
after coming on duty following 10 consecutive hours off duty.
• Not taken this exemption in the previous 6 days except
following a 34 hour restart.
• Doesn’t drive after 11 hours following the 10 consecutive offduty hours.
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LOG EXCEPTION: CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS & EQUIPMENT
• Involved in transportation of construction materials &
equipment:
– By a driver to/from active construction site w/in 50 air
mile radius of normal work reporting location.
– Any period of 7 or 8 days may end if have 24+ hours
successive off.
• Cannot use if placardable quantities of hazardous materials.
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QUIZ
1. All time spent behind the wheel is considered driving time.
a. True
b. False
2. You are required to keep a record of duty status (driver’s log)
showing all of your driving and non-driving activities.
a. True.
b. False.
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FATIGUE
• Ranges from sleepy to
exhausted.
• Can cause involuntary brain
shutdown.
• Most adults need 7-8
hours of sleep.
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FATIGUE
• Sleep loss of as little as 2
hours can affect:
– Judgment
– Reaction time
– Coordination
– Attitude/mood
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FATIGUE
• Circadian rhythm = Body’s
internal clock.
• Most people’s clocks run on a
24-hour basis with high and low
points.
• Disruption of the clock can lead
to fatigue.
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FATIGUE
• Signs of fatigue:
– Drowsiness
– Yawning
– Lack of alertness.
– Fighting to keep eyes
open.
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FATIGUE
• Signs of fatigue:
– Head drooping.
– Sore/stiff neck muscles.
– Reduced reaction time.
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FATIGUE
• Signs of fatigue:
– Erratic shifting.
– Intermittent braking.
– Following vehicles too
closely.
– Bad driving decisions.
– Lane deviations/weaving.
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FATIGUE
• Ways to fight fatigue:
– Get a solid 8 hours of sleep.
– Establish a regular sleep routine.
– Avoid driving during body’s
“down time”.
– Exercise regularly.
– Eat properly.
– Take a nap.
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FATIGUE
• Good sleeping habits:
– Sleep in a quiet, dark room.
– Keep sleeping area comfortable.
– Have a bedtime routine.
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FATIGUE
• Sleep apnea:
– Brief interruptions in breathing.
– Wakes person so briefly he/she
doesn’t know it happened.
– Can repeat up to 600 times a
night causing increased fatigue.
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GENERAL WELLNESS
• Eat right.
• Exercise regularly.
• Get proper rest.
• Undergo periodic physical exams.
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CHOLESTEROL AND BLOOD PRESSURE
• LDL = Bad cholesterol
• HDL = Good cholesterol
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CHOLESTEROL AND BLOOD PRESSURE
• Total cholesterol < 200
• LDL< 130
• HDL > 50
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CHOLESTEROL AND BLOOD PRESSURE
• High blood pressure is
dangerous.
• Can lead to heart and kidney
disease.
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CHOLESTEROL AND BLOOD PRESSURE
• Blood pressure should
be < 140/90.
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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE
• Being overweight contributes to
many health problems.
• Eating right and physical activity
can help in maintaining a
healthy weight.
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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE
• Eating right includes:
– At least 5 servings of fruits
and vegetables.
– Watching fat consumption.
– Moderating sugar and salt
intake.
– Limiting alcohol use.
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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE
• Moderate physical activity for
30 minutes daily can improve
well being.
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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE
• Moderate physical activity
includes:
– Walking briskly.
– Conditioning
– General calisthenics.
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WEIGHT AND EXERCISE
• Consult with your physician
before starting any program.
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ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE
• Reduces coordination.
• Slows reaction rates.
• Dulls mental processes.
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STRESS
• A physical or mental response
to pressures of an event or
factors of living in general.
• Can be positive or negative.
• Causes the body to get into
survival mode.
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STRESS
• Prolonged stress can cause:
– High blood pressure
– Pain
– Breathing trouble
– Digestive disorders
– Insomnia
– Fatigue
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STRESS
• Prolonged stress can cause:
– Frustration
– Irritability
– Anger
– Impatience
– Worry
– Lack of self confidence.
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STRESS
• Prolonged stress can lead
to:
– Accidents
– Loss of priorities.
– Rushing
– Inappropriate behavior.
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STRESS
• Stress-reduction techniques include:
– Breaks
– Exercise
– Proper rest and diet.
– Deep breathing/yoga.
– Having fun.
– Talking to a friend.
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Points
Cholesterol
Weight &
Exercise
Fatigue
Potpourri
100
A: A fatty, waxy
substance in your
blood.
A: It is
recommended
that you eat at
least 5 servings of
these types of
food daily.
A: A generic term
used to describe
anything from
being sleepy to
exhausted.
A: Below
140/90.
200
A: This is called
the "good"
cholesterol.
A: Moderate
physical activity
for __minutes can
help improve your
well being.
A: Most adults
need ___ hours of
sleep to feel well
rested.
A: Eating healthy
and increasing
activity.
300
A: This is called
the "bad"
cholesterol.
A: Before starting
any exercise
program, you
should do this.
A: Drowsiness,
yawning, lack of
alertness.
A: A physical or
mental response
to pressures of
an event or
factors of living
in general.
400
A: A brittle substance
that can build up in
your blood vessels,
causing them to
narrow.
A: Walking briskly,
conditioning, and
cycling.
A: Your body's
biological or
internal clock.
A: A sleeping
disorder
characterized by
brief pauses in
breathing during
sleep.
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QUIZ
1. Healthy habits include:
a. The use of illegal drugs.
b. Getting 3 to 4 hours of sleep on a daily basis.
c. Exercising regularly.
d. Drinking 8 to 10 cups of coffee daily.
2. Your health doesn’t play a part in the safe operation of a commercial motor
vehicle.
a. True.
b. False.
3. Generally, most adults need ____ hours of uninterrupted sleep to feel wellrested.
a. 4-5
b. 5-6
c. 6-7
d. 7-8
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WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION
• Protect you from retaliation if you:
– Report a CMV safety violation
to FMCSA.
– Testify before FMCSA.
– Refuse to operate an unsafe
vehicle.
– Refuse to drive in conditions
that may cause injury or
violate law.
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WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION
• Prohibits your employer from
discharging, disciplining, or
discriminating in regard to pay,
terms or privileges for taking any
one of the following actions.
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WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION
• Filing a complaint related to the
violation of a CMV safety
regulation.
• Starting a proceeding related to a
violation of a CMV regulation.
• Having testified in or testifying in
the future in a proceeding related
to a CMV safety violation.
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WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION
• Refusing to operate a CMV due to one of
the following reasons:
– You would have violated a federal
safety or health regulation.
– You believe you would have seriously
injured yourself or someone else had
you operated an unsafe vehicle. You
asked your employer to correct the
unsafe condition, but your employer
refused.
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WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION
• If you make a CMV safety
complaint and it results in any
form of discrimination
(termination, loss of seniority,
undesirable reassignment, etc.)
you can file a complaint with
OSHA.
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SCENARIO:
•
Joe pulls into a scale facility and is asked by law enforcement to park
his vehicle for an inspection. At the conclusion of the inspection
process, Joe and his vehicle are issued out-of-service service orders
for numerous equipment and log violations. Joe is blaming his
company for the equipment violations and says that they never fix
anything. He states that he has told them about the continued
problems but the company refuses to fix their equipment. Joe also
states that he has been told to run illegally in regard to his log. He is
sick of paying for log violations and losing money due to out-ofservice time. He wants to write a formal complaint about the
company to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA),
but is afraid of losing his job and getting "black listed" from other
employment.
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WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION
• OSHA will gather data and give your
employer 20 days to respond.
• Then, if OSHA believes the violation
is valid they will continue to pursue
the case until the situation is
resolved.
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QUIZ
1. Whistleblower protection laws are in place to protect you
from retaliation of you report a commercial motor vehicle
safety violation to FMCSA.
a. True
b. False
2. Getting your CDL is all it takes to be a safe and professional
driver.
a. True
b. False
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