REVIEW QUESTIONS
What are the 3 parts of the
cell theory?
All organisms composed of
cells - cell is basic unit of
living things - all cells from
pre-existing cells
What is a prokaryote?
No membrane bound
organelles
What is an example of a
prokaryote?
Bacteria
What is a eukaryote?
Has membrane bound
organelles
REVIEW CONTINUED:
What are the functions of
the cell membrane?
Protect the cell – regulates what
enters & leaves the cell
What is the process of
maintaining the cells
environment?
HOMEOSTASIS
What is the property of a
cell membrane that only
allows certain things in or
out?
SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY
What is the cell membrane’s
structure?
PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER
What is the outer boundary
of a plant cell?
CELL WALL
Which statement about the cell membrane is not true?
A – it helps give the cell its shape
B – it is found only in animal cells
C – it provides some protection for the cell
D – it helps maintain homeostasis
PARTS OF THE CELL – CELL ORGANELLES
Nucleus
• control center of the cell –
contains DNA – gives directions for
making proteins
Nucleolus
• inside nucleus – makes ribosomes
Chromatin
• inside nucleus – strands of DNA
Cytoplasm
• clear, gelatinous fluid inside the cell
• gives the cell its shape
• holds or “suspends” the cell’s
organelles
Ribosomes
• site of protein synthesis (where
protein is made)
• can be free floating or attached
to endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• large “workspace” inside cell –
has “folds” for greater surface area
2 kinds of ER
1. Rough ER: has ribosomes
attached to make protein
2. Smooth ER: no ribosomes
attached – other biochemical
activities here
Golgi Apparatus
• flattened system of membranes
– (look like pancakes)
• sorts proteins to be sent to
correct destination
Vacuoles
• function to store materials
• plants have a LARGE vacuole –
animal cells have smaller
vacuoles
TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL
TYPICAL PLANT CELL
Lysosome
• contains digestive enzymes
• digests/destroys excess
food, viruses, bacteria
• also can destroy the cell
itself if needed
Plastids
• found in PLANTS ONLY
• used for storage
EXAMPLE:
• Chloroplasts
• store energy/food
• has “folds” for greater surface
area
Mitochondria
• produces energy for the cell
• has “folds” for greater surface
area
• each type of cell has a different
amount of these
Cytoskeleton
• cell support structure – gives a
“framework” to the cell
• composed of MICROTUBULES &
MICROFILAMENTS
Cilia
• function in movement of the cell
or line the cell to move other
things
• cilia are short, hair like – move
in waves
Flagella
• functions in movement of the
cell
• flagella are longer – move like
a whip
ANIMAL CELL – PLANT CELL COMPARISON
PLANT CELL ONLY
CELL WALL
PLASTIDS (EX:
chloroplast,
leucoplast)
LARGE VACUOLE
ANIMAL CELL ONLY
CENTRIOLE
PLANT & ANIMAL CELL
ALL OTHER
ORGANELLES