Atomic Theory Let’s Take a Trip Through Time! Atomic Theories Timeline Name Time Frame Key Points Democritus Dalton Thompson Rutherford Bohr Schrödinger Heisenberg Copy all notes in red on your graphic organizer through slide 17! Democritus 400 B.C. • There are various basic elements from which all matter is made • Everything is composed of small atoms • Some atoms are round, pointy, oily, have hooks, etc. to account for their properties Democritus’s Model John Dalton • Introduced his ideas in 1803 • Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms • All the atoms of a given element are identical, but they differ from those of any other element • Atoms are neither created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction Dalton’s Model J.J. Thompson 1904 • Discovered electron (negative particle) in the Cathode Ray Experiment • Plum Pudding model 1904 – Electrons in a soup of protons (positive charges) – There is an equal number of positive and negative charges because the atom is neutral Cathode Ray Tube Experiment Thompson’s Model Electrons Protons Ernest Rutherford 1910 • Nucleus Theory 1910 – alpha particle gold foil experiment • An atom’s mass is mostly in the nucleus • The nucleus has a positive charge because it contains the protons and because it is so large in mass it contains another particle called the neutrons(neutral) • Electrons in fixed orbit Alpha Particle Experiment Rutherford Model Niels Bohr 1913 • Planetary Model 1913 – Nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons at different energy levels – Electrons have definite orbits • Worked on the Manhattan Project (US atomic bomb) Bohr’s Model Neutrons (No charge) Electrons (negative charge) Protons (positive charge) Ernst Schrödinger Werner Heisenberg • Quantum Mechanical Model 1926 – Electrons are in probability zones called “orbitals”, not orbits and the location cannot be pinpointed and they are constantly moving (they are not moving in circular orbits) – Schrödinger and Heisenburg’s Model of the Atom is the Model still accepted today. Schrödinger and Heisenburg’s Model of the Atom Atomic Theory JJ Thomson Democratus 400 BC 1803 John Dalton 1904 Niels Bohr 1910 Ernest Rutherford 1913 1926 Schroedinger / Heisenberg Timeline Activity • You are going to construct a timeline of the development of the atom. It must include: – Dates (5 points) – Scientists (5 points) – A description of the discovery (20 points) – A drawing of the atom (10 points) – Appearance/Colorful (10 points)