Give an example a technological innovation that led to
industrialization in Great Britain.
Britain Leads the Way.
 Britain had the advantage of plentiful NATURAL RESOURCES, such as
natural ports and navigable rivers.
 Rivers supplied water power and allowed for the construction of CANALS.
 Canals increased accessibility for trade and were a key role in bringing goods to market.
 Britain was able to establish COMMUNICATIONS and TRANSPORT relatively cheaply due
to its easy accessibility to sea from all points.
 Britain's plentiful supply of COAL was fundamental to its industrialization and was used to
power steam engines. Vast supplies of iron were available to be used to build the new
machines.
 The increase of population boosted the DEMAND for goods. Money was
needed to start businesses to meet the demand of the new large population.
The business class started to accumulate capital.
 CAPITAL - Money used to invest in enterprises.
 ENTERPRISE - A business organization in an area such as shipping, mining,
railroads, or factories.
 Businessmen were ready to risk their capital in new ventures due to the healthy economy.
 ENTREPRENEURS - people who managed and assumed the financial risks of starting new
businesses.
 British merchants tried to organize a cotton cloth industry at home. They
developed THE PUTTING - OUT SYSTEM, which was also known as the
cottage industry, in which RAW MATERIAL was distributed to peasant
families, who spun it into thread and then wove it into cloth in their own
homes.
 The demand for cotton grew.
John Kay's flying shuttle enabled
weavers to work so fast that they soon
outpaced spinners (1733). Shown below.
James Hargraves invented the
Spinning Jenny in 1764, which
spun many threads at the same
time. Shown above.
In 1769, Richard Arkwright patented the
water frame, which was a spinning
machine that could be powered by water.
Shown below.
Raw cotton grown in the South had to
be cleaned of dirt and seeds by hand. Eli
Whitney invented the COTTON GIN
that separated the seeds from raw cotton
at a fast rate Shown above.
 In the early 1800's, pioneers like George Stephenson developed steam-powered
locomotives to pull carriages along iron rails
 Tracks could go places where rivers did not, allowing factory owners and
merchants to ship goods swiftly and cheaply over land.
 The world's first major rail line, from Liverpool to Manchester, opened in England
in 1830.
 http://www.history.com/topics/henry-ford/videos/history-of-the-holidays-the-
story-of-labor-day
Factory class activity
 You are to
 Trace
 Color
 Cut out
Your trains individually
You have 10 minutes.
 You and your team are to make an assembly line
 Some are to trace
 Some are to cut
 Some will color
 The same rules as round two, the assembly line, but you will have no lights and I
will be walking around to take away arms and seats.
Fill in the chart and answer the questions.
 How did this activity help you better understand the
industrial revolution?