ELEMENTS, ISOTOPES, IONS & BONDS
MAIN IDEAS IaN pg. 25
Objective
1. ATOMS VS.
ELEMENTS
2. ATOMIC
VARIATIONS
3. TYPES OF
CHEMICAL
BONDS
Identify and define
Elements, Isotopes,
Ions & Chemical
Bonds on IaN pg.
25 utilizing Venn
diagrams on IaN
pg. 24 to compare
and contrast them.
I am not a product of my circumstances. I am a product of my decisions.
Stephen Covey
Ions vs. Isotopes & Covalent vs Ionic
IaN pg. 24
Ions
Isotopes
Covalent Bond
Ionic Bond
ELEMENTS
Pure substance
One type of atom
Elements are unique because of
the number of protons in the
nucleus of their atoms
•79 protons = gold
•6 protons = carbon
•17 protons = chlorine
ISOTOPES
•Isotopes are atoms of the same kind, except they
have different numbers of neutrons than
“normal”.
•Same protons and electrons, but different mass
(amu).
ION
•An atom with a charge
•Atoms can gain or lose electrons
to become an ion.
Compound: meaning
“to put together”
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
•Two or more elements combine in a specific
proportion to form a new substance with different
properties.
•Chemical & Physical Properties of elements change
when the same elements are combined in a
compound
VAN DER WAALS FORCES
•Molecules with regions that are more + or – (H2O)
•Known as POLARITY
•Covalent compounds that share electrons unevenly
•Caused by the structure atoms within compounds
•Results in COHESION between the same molecules
&/or ADHESION between different molecules.
COHESION
ADHESION
VAN DER WAALS FORCES
•Molecules with regions that are more + or – (H2O)
•Known as POLARITY
•Covalent compounds that share electrons unevenly
•Caused by the structure atoms within compounds
•Results in COHESION between the same molecules
&/or ADHESION between different molecules.
POLARITY DEMONSTRATION
Chemical Bonds
• The “glue” that holds compounds together by electrons
being shared or transferred between atoms
• Form to fill VALENCE SHELL = Atomic Stability
• 2 Main Types
• Ionic Bonds
• Covalent Bonds
IONIC BONDS
•Atoms transfer (give and take) electrons to form
ions
• Ions are atoms with a + or – charge due to a different #
of electrons than “normal”
• Cations = + charge atom ( Protons > Electrons)
• Anions = - charge atom ( Protons < Electrons)
•Oppositely charged ions attract to form ionic
compounds
COVALENT BONDS
•Atoms share one or more electrons = covalent bond
• Single Covalent Bond = 1 pair of shared electrons (H2)
• Double Covalent Bond = 2 pairs of shared electrons (O2)
• Triple Covalent Bond = 3 pairs of shared electrons (N3)
• O2 Double Covalent Bond = 2 pairs of electrons
shared
• N3 Triple Covalent Bond =
shared
3 pairs of electrons
Ions vs. Isotopes & Covalent vs Ionic
IaN pg. 24
Ions
Isotopes
Covalent Bond
Ionic Bond