1. The English enslaved Africans and forced them to work in the colonies.
2. Slavery had terrible effects on people and cultures of Africa
3. Although a majority of the enslaved Africans lived in the Southern
Colonies, they were part of the population of each of the 13 colonies.
4. Enslaved Africans had no rights and no freedom. They were treated like property.
5. Having the free labor of enslaved Africans helped the English colonies grow and prosper.

The Triangular Trade(Cont.)
The triangular trade is colonial trade routes between New England colonies (Boston and New York), Africa, and the West Indies.
Description of the Trade:
1.Ships from the New England colonies carried rum, guns, cloth and tools to West
Africa. These goods were traded for enslaved Africans.
2. Then ships took enslaved Africans to the West indies where they were sold. This part of the voyage was called the Middle Passage.
3. In West Indies, the sea captains traded the enslaved Africans , molasses and sugar with the New England merchants, where these goods were sent to the new world (New England colonies).
In return, ships from New England carried fish, lumber, and other goods to the West Indies.

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In 1619, the first
Africans were brought to Jamestown.
Historical records seem to show that Africans were first treated like indentured servants in
Jamestown.
This changed and laws were made that defined regulated slavery

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Laws were passed that made Enslaved Africans slaves for life and also defined enslaved Africans as property.
Laws eventually made it illegal for slaves to marry, to own property or to earn their freedom.
This is a change from indentured servitude to racial slavery (slavery based on race and racism).

The House of Burgesses (Review)
● The first meeting of the
Virginia General
Assembly at Jamestown in July 1619, the House of Burgesses was the first democraticallyelected legislative body in the 13 colonies.

In this lesson you will learn more about the institution of slavery in the colonies and the lives of both enslaved and free blacks.
Ask yourself… “How would you have felt if this happened to you?”

Question: Why were enslaved Africans needed in the Southern Colonies?
The Southern Economy was dependent on large plantations that grew cash crops like tobacco, rice, cotton, and indigo.
These farms needed many workers.
As a result, more and more enslaved Africans were brought to these colonies and forced to do the work.

Agree or Disagree?
“Enslaved Africans were only forced to work in the Southern Colonies, not the other two regions.”

What are the two different types of data shown on the map?
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The number of enslaved Africans in each colony
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The percentage of the total population of each colony they made up

1. According to the map, in which colonial region or regions were enslaved Africans forced to work?
2. In which colonial region were there the most enslaved
Africans?
3. Which colony had the smallest number of enslaved
Africans?
4. Which colony had the largest number of enslaved
Africans?
5. Why do you think this colony had the largest number?
6. In which two colonies was the enslaved African population greater than 60% of the population?
7. Blacks began to develop a unique African American culture in the colonies. Do you think this culture had a greater impact on some colonies rather than others?
Why or why not?

Timelines, maps and informational texts are useful in helping us understand many things about slavery, but do not really help us understand much about life for enslaved Africans.

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Oral tradition was important in Africa to teach younger generations about history
Definition: Oral tradition is information passed down through the generations by word of mouth that is not written down. This includes historical and cultural traditions, literature and law.
Music, song, and stories helped pass history from generation to generation.
Roll Jordan Roll Slave Song

Definition: Treating people unfairly because of a factor such as race or religion.
Example: Free blacks in the colonies experienced discrimination.

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All black people in the colonies were not enslaved.
There were free blacks that lived throughout the colonies.
As time went on, the free blacks experienced more and more discrimination.

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A 1690 Connecticut law forbid free blacks and Native Americans from being on a street after 9PM.
In 1717, the citizens of New London, Connecticut voted their objection to free blacks living in the town or owning land anywhere in the colony in a town meeting.
Free blacks were not allowed to own land in the colonies.
After 1700, both free and enslaved African Americans were tried in courts without a jury.

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In 1718, a law was passed in
Rhode Island stated: “ When any enslaved African is caught in the home of a free black person, both will be whipped”.

For many years little interest was shown in exploring the early history of African
Americans but this has begun to change.
Several current archaeology projects are helping us better understand the life ways of African Americans in colonial
America and the important roles they played in our early history.
Archaeology Definition: A special branch of history in which people study objects from the past.

Artifacts such as bones, tools and old building sites.
This helps us make inferences about how daily life was like during slavery and to know about important aspects of their culture.

“ All servants imported and brought into the Country…who were not
Christians in their native Country…shall be accounted and be slaves.
All Negro, mulatto and Indian slaves within this dominion…shall be held to real estate. If any slave resists his master…correcting such slave, and shall happen to be killed in such correction…the master shall be free of all punishment..as if such accident never happened.”
-Virginia General Assembly Declaration, 1705

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Families were broken apart.
The population in many areas decreases drastically
The slave trade tended to increase the amount of war in west Africa between Europeans and Africans.
The economy got dramatically affected by the lost of farmers, artists, and leaders.
Farming trading and other activities were completely disrupted.
Conflicts increased between African cultures over slavery since African kings/emperors traded guns and other goods with the Europeans in exchange for slaves.

Indentured Servants Consisted of men and women who did not have money for passage Agreed to work without pay for the person who paid for passage Free at end of contract.
African Slaves Captured in native Africa, sold to slave traders Shipped to colonies sold into slavery Owned as property for life with no rights
Were often born into slavery

Both slaves and indentured servants:
* Could be bought and sold.
* Lacked proper food and clothing.
* Poor housing.
* Hard work.
* Often died from servitude. Indentured Slaves
* Could be hunted and punished for running away, whipped or branded.
* Were not allowed to learn to read and write.
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