Medical Terminology
EFE Veterinary Science
POINTS OF THE DOG
(EXTERNAL ANATOMY)
Points of the Dog
Points of the Dog
------------Forehead
----------Stop
Muzzle --------------------------Pinna ------------
Commissure of mouth -----
Nostril (nares)
------------Flews (floppy lips)
2
Directional Terms
Species Names
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Canine
Feline
Equine
Porcine
Bovine
Ovine
Caprine
Avian
Suffixes
• -itis
• Inflammation of.
– Tonsillitis
– Dermatitis
– meningitis.
Suffixes
• -pathy
• Disease of
–
–
–
–
(Pathology)
Neuropathy
Psycopathy
Endocrinopathy
Suffixes
• -ology
• The study of
–
–
–
–
–
Biology
Pathology
Histopathology
Pathobiology
cardiology
Suffixes
• -ectomy
• The removal of
–
–
–
–
Tonsillectomy
Appendectomy
Splenectomy
lobectomy
Suffixes
• -tomy
• To make an incision or
opening in
–
–
–
–
Tracheotomy
Lobotomy
Osteotomy
Gastrotomy
Suffixes
• -ostomy
• A created opening
– Colostomy
– Tracheostomy
– (Stoma)
Suffixes
• -plasty
• Surgical repair of
–
–
–
–
Rhinoplasty
Dermatoplasty
Osteoplasty
(plastic surgery)
Suffixes
• -scope
• An instrument to view
(or hear) something
–
–
–
–
Microscope
Stethoscope
Endoscope
Arthroscope
Suffixes
• -algia
• Pain
– Neuralgia
– Fibromyalgia
– (analgesic)
Suffixes
• -centesis
• To place a needle into,
usually to obtain a
sample or to remove a
substance
–
–
–
–
Cystocentesis
Thoracocentesis
Abdominocentesis
pericardiocentesis
Suffixes
• -osis
• A condition of
– Dermatosis
– Thrombosis
– Nephrosis
Adjective Endings
•
•
•
•
-ic
-al
-ical
ac
•
•
•
•
Gastric
Terminal
Medical
cardiac
Noun Endings
•
•
•
•
•
-y
-ia
-um
-is
-a
•
•
•
•
•
Ovary
Pneumonia
Cerebrum
Pelvis
plasma
Root Words
Digestive System
• Esophag(o)
• Esophagus
– Esophagostomy
– Esophagitis
Root Words
Digestive System
• Gastr(o)
• Stomach
– Gastritis
– Gastrotomy
– gastrointestinal
Root Words
Digestive System
• Enter(o)
• Intestines
– Enterococcus
– Enterotomy
– gastroenteritis
Root Words
Digestive System
• Hepat(o)
• Liver
– Hepatitis
– Hepatopathy
– hepatic
Root Words
Digestive System
• Chol(e)
• Gall bladder
– Cholecystectomy
– cholestasis
Root Words
Digestive System
• Dent(o)
• Dont(o)
• Teeth
– Dental
– Orthodontist
– Odontoclast
Root Words
Digestive System
• Gingiv(o)
• Gums
– Gingivitis
– gingivectomy
Root Words
Digestive System
• Duoden(o)
• Duodenum (first part of
the small intestine,
where food goes after
the stomach)
– Gastroduodenal
Root Words
Digestive System
• Pancrea(t)(o)
• Pancreas
– Pancreatic
– pancreatitis
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Cyt(o)
• Cell
– Cytology
– Leukocyte
– polycythemia
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Cardi(o)
• Heart
– Cardiology
– Pericardium
– endocarditits
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Hem(o),
hemat(o)
• Blood
– Hematology
– Hematocrit
– hemorrhage
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Erythr(o)
• Red
– Erythrocyte
– erythema
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Leuk(o)
• White
– Leukocyte
– Leukemia
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Arteri(o)
• Artery
– Arterial
– Arteriosclerosis
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Ven(o)
• Vein
– Venous
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Phleb-
• Blood vessel
– Phlebotomy
– phlebitis
Root Words
Circulatory System
• Splen(o)
• Spleen
– Splenectomy
– splenic
Root Words
Musculoskeletal System
• My(o)-
• Muscle
– Myositis
– myopathy
Root Words
Musculoskeletal System
• Chondr(o)-
• Cartilage
– Chondrodysplasia
– osteochondritis
Root Words
Musculoskeletal System
• Crani(o)
• Head
– Cranial
– Cranium
Root Words
Musculoskeletal System
• Arthr(o)
• Joint
– Arthritis
– arthroscopic
Root Words
Musculoskeletal System
• Orth(o)
• To correct or straighten
– Orthodontic
– orthopedics
Root Words
Musculoskeletal System
• Oste(o)
• bone
– Osteoarthritis
– Periosteum
– osteotomy
Root Words
Musculoskeletal System
• Cervic(o)
• Neck (of the body or a
body part)
– Cervical spine
Root Words
The Respiratory System
• Thorac(o)
• Chest
– Thoracotomy
– Thoracocentesis
– Thoracic spine
Root Words
The Respiratory System
• Trache(o)
• Trachea (windpipe)
– Tracheitis
– Tracheostomy
– transtracheal
Root Words
The Respiratory System
• Pulmon(o)
• Lungs
– Pulmonary
– pulmonic
Root Words
The Respiratory System
• Pneum(o)
• Air and lungs
– Pneumonic
– Pneumonia
Root Words
The Respiratory System
• Bronch(o)
• Bronchi
– Bronchitis
– bronchopneumonia
Root Words
The Neurologic System
• Cerebr(o)
• Brain
– Cerebral
Root Words
The Neurologic System
• Encephal(o)
• Brain tissue
– Encephalitis
– encephalopathy
Root Words
The Neurologic System
• Neur(o)
• Nerves, neurologic
system
– Neurology
– neuropathy
Root Words
The Sensory System
• Rhin(o)
• Nose
– Rhinoceros
– Rhinoplasty
– rhinitis
Root Words
The Sensory System
Dermat(o)
• Skin
– Dermatitis
– dermatologist
Root Words
The Sensory System
• Ophthalm(o)
• Eye
–Ophthalmoscope
–ophthalmology
Root Words
The Sensory System
• Ot(o)
• Ear
– Otoscope
– otitis
– otolaryngitis
Root Words
The Urogenital System
• Nephr(o)
• Kidney
– Nephritis
– nephrologist
Root Words
The Urogenital System
• Cyst(o)
• Bladder (urinary)
– Cystitis
– Cystocentesis
– cystotomy
Root Words
The Urogenital System
• Hyster(o)
• Uterus
– Hysterectomy
– hysterical
Root Words
The Urogenital System
• Ovari(o)
• Ovary
– Ovaiohysterectomy
Root Words
The Urogenital System
• Urethr(o)
• Urethra
– Urethrostomy
– Urethritis
– Not to be confused with
ureter
Miscellaneous
Root Words
• Aden(o)
• Glands
– Lymphadenopathy
– adenitis
Miscellaneous
Root Words
• Hist(o)
• Tissue
– Histology
– histopathology
Miscellaneous
Root Words
• Umbilic(o)
• Umbilical cord, navel,
bellybutton
– Umbilical hernia
Miscellaneous
Root Words
• Adren(o)
adrenal gland
adrenaline
Miscellaneous
Root Words
• lymph(o)
• Lymph (node or fluid)
– Lymphadenitis
– lymphoma
Miscellaneous
Root Words
• Abdomin(o)
• Abdomen
– Abdominocentesis
– Abdominal
Miscellaneous
Root Words
• Path(o)
• Disease
– Pathology
– cardiomyopathy
Prefixes
• brady
• Slow
– bradycardia
Prefixes
• tachy
• Fast
– tachycardia
Prefixes
• Epi-
• Upon
– Epidermis
– Epithelium
– epinephrine
Prefixes
• peri
• Surrounding, around
– Pericardium
– perimortem
Prefixes
• trans
• Across
– transtracheal
Prefixes
• hyper
• Too much
– Hyperactive
– hyperthermia
Prefixes
• Hypo-
• Too little, under
– Hypothyroid
– hypoxia
Prefixes
• Micro-
• Small
– Microscope
– micrometer
Prefixes
• Macro-
• Large
– Macrocyte
– (maximum)
Prefixes
• Mono-
• One, single
– monocular
Prefixes
• Uni-
• One
– Unique
– Unilateral
– unison
Prefixes
Poly-
• Many
– Polycythemia
– polyarthritis
Prefixes
• Neo-
• New
– Neoplasia (cancer)
Prefixes
• Pre-
• Before
– Premature
– preoperative
Prefixes
• Post-
• After
– Postoperative
– Post-seizure
Prefixes
• Sub-
• Under, below
– Subcutaneous
– subdural
Prefixes
• Ecto-
• Outside
– ectoparasite