REVIEW: FINAL EXAM-SEM I
_________ DEC ____ @ _____
1.1-INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY
THE STUDY OF LIFE
-Define Biology
-8 characteristics of living things
1.2-THE NATURE OF SCIENCE
-theory/law
1.3-METHODS OF SCIENCE
-observations / inferences
-steps in scientific method
-independent / dependent variable
-constant / control
-experimental group / control group
-qualitative / quantitative data
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.1-ORGANISMS AND THEIR ENVIORNMENT
ECO I: INTERACTIONS
-Define Ecology
-abiotic factors / biotic factors – habitat / niche
-levels of biological organization
-Interactions / relationships / symbiosis (-competition-predation-mutualism-commensalism-parasitism-)
2.2- FLOW OF ENERGY IN AN ECOSYSTEM
-autotroph / heterotroph
- herbivore / carnivore / omnivore / detritivore
-Models of Energy flow
-trophic level
-food chain /food web
-Biomass
2.3- CYCLING OF MATTER
-DEFINE Biogeochemical cycles: water / carbon / nitrogen / oxygen
-Types of cycles: key factors
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3.1 – COMMUNITY ECOLOGY
ECO II: DYNAMICS
-Limiting Factors and Tolerance
-Be able to read and interpret data on a “Range of Tolerance” graph
-Examples of Limiting Factors
-Primary / Secondary Succession
-Compare and contrast – types of organisms / relative length of succession
-Pioneer species ---------- What are they? Examples
-Biodiversity
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4.1 – POPULATION DYNAMICS
ECO II: DYNAMICS
-Population Density
-Be able to compute if given area and population numbers
-Spatial Distribution
-Name and description of different dispersion patterns
-Density-Dependent / Density-Independent factors
-Compare and contrast / -Examples
-4 Factors that determine Population size
-Be able to compute net size of population if given emigration / immigration / natality / mortality
-Logistic vs Exponential Models of population growth----------Characteristics of each
-k-strategist vs r-strategist----------Characteristics and Examples of each
4.2 – HUMAN POPULATION
-Human Carrying Capacity
5.1- BIODIVERSITY
-Types
-Effect (+/-)
6.1 – ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND COMPOUNDS
BIOCHEMISTRY
-What is: matter / atom / element / compound / molecule
-Know the parts of the atom: nucleus / proton / neutron / electron
-charge
-electron configurations/valence electrons/dot diagrams
-ions
-Periodic Table: periods/groups
-Chemical bonds: ionic / covalent
6.2 – CHEMICAL REACTIONS
-Law of Conservation of Mass
-Enzymes / Catalyst—decreases activation energy
6.3 – WATER AND SOLUTIONS
-Water—polar molecules / hydrogen bonds
-pH—power of Hydroxide ions
-ACIDS—pH: 0<7; more hydrogen ions (H+) / -BASES—pH 7>14; more hydroxide ions (OH-)
-Buffers
6.4 – BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
-Macromolecules / Polymers / Monomers
-Carbohydrates / Lipids / Proteins / Nucleic Acids—know FUNCTION / ELEMENTS / MONOMERS
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7.1 – CELL DISCOVERY AND THEORY
CELLULAR STRUCTURE & PROCESSES
-Cell Theory
-Types of Cells: characteristics / structures -- prokaryotes / eukaryotes
7.2 – THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
-Selective Permeability
-what does it allow IN and OUT
-Phospholipid bilayer—polar heads (“hydrophilic”) / non-polar tails (“hydrophobic”)
-structures and their functions
-“fluid mosaic model”
7.3 – STRUCTURES AND ORGANELLES
-Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton
-Cell Organelles: know FUNCTIONS and which TYPES of cells (plant or animal or both) organelles are found
7.4 – CELLULAR TRANSPORT
-Passive Transport—NO energy required—HIGH → LOW CONCENTRATION
-Dynamic Equilibrium
-Diffusion / Facilitated Diffusion
-Osmosis—diffusion of water
-Reaction of cell in solutions: Isotonic / Hypertonic / Hypotonic
-Active Transport—requires energy--ATP
-Against concentration gradient—LOW → HIGH CONCENTRATION
-Transport of large particles
-endocytosis
-exocytosis
-protein pumps (sodium/potassium pump)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------REVIEW LAB REPORT FORMAT
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
-Independent / Dependent variables
-Control / Constants
-Qualitative / Quantitative
DATA ANALYSIS
-Read a graph
-Graph set-up [IV / DV]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Focus on EXAM ANALYSIS [objectives that have a 1 or 2 – NOT YET MASTERED]
UNIT OBJECTIVES
UNIT VOCAB
80 MC / 5 WR
UNIT NOTEBOOKS
may use 3x5 notecard [both sides]
-handwritten / NOT typed