Engel v. Vitale (1962)
school sponsored prayer unconstitutional
Abington School District v.
Schempp (1963)
no school-sponsored devotional bible reading in public schools
Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971)
any legislation must have secular leg purpose, neither promote or inhibit religion, and no excessive
entanglement
Employment Division of
Oregon v. Smith (1990)
states can restrain religious practice
Zelman v. Simmons – Harris
(2002)
scholarship program that indirectly fund religious institutions constitutional
Schenck v. US (1919)
clear and present danger
Gitlow v. New York (1925)
began federalizing Bill of Rights --> states cannot deny free speech
Tinker v. DesMoines (1969)
symbolic speech in schools
Texas v. Johnson (1989)
sybmbolic freedom of speech in flag burning
Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
sybmolic freedom of speech to personal campaign contributions
Citizens United v. Federal
Election Commission (2010)
Free speech protection for corporate funding of campaigns
Near v. Minnesota (1931)
extended protection of press freedom to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment
New York Times v. Sullivan
free speech covers false statements (libel)
NY Times v. US (1971)
no prior restraint unless immediate imperiling of American forces
Hazelwood School District v.
Kuhlmeier (1988)
prior restraint exists in a school environment
Miller v. California (1972)
defined obscenity
Bethel v. Frasier (1986)
student speech can be limited in a school environment
US v. American Library
Association (2003)
Internet can be filtered in public places
Ashcroft v. ACLU (2004)
COPA unconstitutional - violated first amendment speech
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
exclusionary rule
New Jersey v. TLO (1985)
schools can search students for reasonable suspicion
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
right to counsel
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
protection against self-incrimination
US v. Cors (1949)
Government need supersedes private property value
Kelo v. New London (2005)
eminent domain to force sale of private property for priv ec development, if benefit the public
Kent v. Dulles (1958)
Travel is a protected part of personal liberty
Griswold v. Connecticut
(1965)
zone of privacy = right for married couples
Roe v. Wade (1973)
gave a woman the right to an abortion for the 1st trimester
Webster v. Reproductive
Health Services (1989)
states can put regulations on abortion
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
(1992)
states can regulate abortion but not with undue burden
BSA v. Dale (2000)
Private organizations can dismiss volunteers based on sexual orientation
Lawrence v. Texas (2003)
using right to privacy struck down Texas sodomy law
Gonzales v. Carhart (2007)
upheld Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003
United States v. Windsor
(2012)
DOMA unconstitutional under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
separate but equal
Brown v. Board (1st and 2nd)
(1954/55)
segregation unconstitutional
Korematsu v. United States
(1944)
internment of Japanese acceptable to protect nation
Smith v. State of Texas
(1941)
Racial discrimination in jury selection violated the Fourteenth Amendment
Shelby County v. Holder
(2012)
Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act is unconstitutional
Baker v. Carr (1962)
one man, one vote
Shaw v. Reno (1993)
no racial gerrymandering, not predominant factor
Bush v. Gore (2000)
halted election recount based on equal protection clause
Regents of the University of
California v. Bakke (1978)
racial quotas unconstitutional but can be ONE factor in admissions
Gratz v. Bollinger (2003)
struck down use of "bonus points" for race in undergrad admissions
Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)
allowed use of race as a general factor for admission
U.S. v. Lopez (1995)
Gun Free School Zones act exceeded congress' authority to regulate interstate commerce
US v. Nixon (1974)
executive privilege except in cases of a criminal trial
Clinton v. NY (1998)
Line-Item Veto unconstitutional violation of separation of powers
US v. Morrison (2000)
Parts of Violence Against Women Act of 1994 unconstitutional because they exceeded congressional
power - Commerce Clause
Gonzales v. Oregon (2006)
Controlled substances act could not be used against physicians prescribing drugs for assisted suicide
DC v. Heller (2008)
struck down a WA DC ordinance that banned handguns
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
judicial review
McCulloch v. Maryland
(1819)
national supremacy, elastic clause
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
commerce clause
Barron v. Baltimore (1833)
individual citizen’s property was not susceptible to the regulation of the 5th Amendment.