Vocab Lesson
18
atmo
cardio
vapor
heart
atmosphere, atmolysis, atmometer, atmospheric, atman
Greek
cardiology, cardiovascular, cardiac, electrocardiogram
Greek
cosmo
cosmos, cosmopolitan, cosmonaut, cosmology,
microcosm
Greek
counter
world or
universe
against
Latin
cranio
skull
cyclo
circle
counteract, counterproductive, counterpoint, counter
insurgence
craniology, intracranial, craniotomy, cranium,
dolichocranic
cyclone, cyclotron, bicycle, encyclopedia, recycle, cyclical
gno
know
Greek
oss
bone
xylo
wood
monger
seller
sept
seven
xeno
stranger
agnostic, prognosis, Gnostic, Gnosticism, diagnosis,
topognosia, ignominy
ossify, ossuary, ossicle, osseous, ossiferous, ossein,
ossification
xylophone, xylograph, xyloid, xylophagous, xylose,
xylotomy, xylem
fishmonger, warmonger, costermonger, ballad monger ,
phrasemonger
septangular, September, septuagenarian, septillion,
Septuagint
xenophobia, xenolith, xenon, xenogenesis, xenodiagnosis
vas
vessel
vasoconstrictor, cardiovascular, vase, vesicle, vascular,
vasectomy
Latin
Greek
Greek
Latin
Greek
Latin
Latin
Greek
ROOT
DEFINITION
EXAMPLES
forehead, foreboding, forecast, forethought, foresail,
forefront
ORIGIN
Latin
fore
front
ish
like
greenish, smallish, outlandish, snobbish, ghoulish,
squeamish, mannish
Germanic
less
without
fruitless, hopeless, motherless, bootless, pointless,
hapless, feckless
Latin
baro
pressure
Latin
ferro
iron
barometer, barograph, barometric, barograms,
barometry
ferronickel, ferromagnetic, ferrous, ferric, ferrite,
ferroconcrete
quasi
somewhat
quasar, quasi-military, quasi-stellar, quasi-official,
quasi-judicial
Latin
nesia
island
Micronesia, Polynesia, Melanesia, Austronesia
Latin
lepsy
attack
narcolepsy, epilepsy, catalepsy
Latin
let
little
booklet, piglet, aglet, hamlet, coverlet, omelet
Latin
nano
billionth
nanosecond, nanoplankton, nanosomia, nanogram
Greek
pico
trillionth
picofarad, picosecond, pictogram
Italian
ideo
idea
ideograph, ideology, ideologue, ideogram, idée fixe,
idealism
Greek
Latin
Using the context clues from the sentence and your understanding
of the root, define the underlined words in the following sentences.
1.
The atmometer measures the rate of evaporation of water.
2.
The cardiologist studied the cardiac patient’s electrocardiogram.
3.
The orbiting Soviet cosmonaut had cosmopolitan views and tastes.
4.
The command was countermanded by his British counterpart.
5.
The craniotomy was performed by a skilled brain surgeon.
6.
The cyclone hurled the bicycle fifty yards.
7.
Agnostics are not usually attracted to Gnosticism.
8.
Over the years, his habits had ossified beyond the hope of change.
9.
Zylophagous insects had eaten the antique xylophone.
10.
The costermonger and the fishmonger shouted out prices to
passersby.
11.
September was the seventh month of the Roman calendar.
12.
The flood of immigration stirred the xenophobia of the citizens.
13.
The cardiovascular system responded gradually to the exercise.
Using the context clues from the sentence and your understanding
of the root, define the underlined words in the following sentences.
14.
The storm forecast filled her with foreboding.
15.
The smallish object had a faint, greenish tint.
16.
Their assault on the mountain summit proved hopeless, bootless, and
fruitless.
17.
Some think that high fashion is a barometer for stock market trends.
18.
The company geologist studied the ferrous rock with care.
19.
The quasi-military operation into Cambodia has failed.
20.
We visited Polynesia, Micronesia, and Melanesia.
21.
His uncontrollable narcolepsy made it hard for him to stay awake.
22.
The booklet circulated through the hamlet.
23.
The computation is made in less than a nanosecond.
24.
There are a thousand picoseconds in one nanosecond.
25.
The stubborn Chinese ideologue wrote his ideas in ideograms.
Word Within a Word
Mystery Questions #18
1.
Are pine bark beetles xylophagous?
2.
Is an ideologue an advocate of a certain body of ideas?
3.
Is September the seventh month of the year?
4.
Is a provincial, inexperienced person cosmopolitan?
5.
Is the Statue of Liberty a monument to xenophobia?
6.
Would a craniotomy give you a headache?
7.
Is an agnostic a know-it-all?
8.
Is a prognosis a disease?
9.
Could a vasoconstrictor attack you on a jungle path?
10.
Would a magnet attract a ferrous particle?
DIVERGENCE:
1. What would be the attitudes and viewpoints of a person with a cosmopolitan
outlook?
2.How many cogent arguments can you think of to help someone overcome
xenophobia?
ANALYSIS:
1.How could you tell xylophagous and phyllophagous insects apart?
2.Analyze the word vasoconstrictor.
EVALUATION:
1. Is someone who believes in nuclear war a warmonger or a realist?
2.Did American astronauts conduct joint space missions with Soviet cosmonauts?
INTUITION:
1.You are sent through space in a craft that can travel at superluminous speeds to
investigate a strange new phenomenon that is disrupting the principles of physics
that regulate the cosmos. What is this strange phenomenon?
2.In a weird dream, you are shocked to find an article in an encyclopedia. What is
the article about?
EMOTION:
1.What emotions could be considered causes of xenophobia?
2.How would you feel if told that your efforts were bootless? Or that your mind was
xyloid? Or that your attitudes had ossified?
diagnosis : prognosis ::
sickness: health
analysis: forecast
ideology: ideologue
prediction: weather
mannish : masculine::
effeminate: feminine
hero: heroine
ideologue: dogma
heterodox: orthodox
bootless : feckless ::
useless: feeble
barefoot: unlucky
shoe: vest
ossicle: ossify
ferrous : auriferous ::
metal: nonmetal
gold: ring
iron: gold
full of: lacking
agnosticism : certainty ::
costermonger: fruit
cosmonaut: cosmology
diffidence: confidence
forecast: forethought
balladmonger : poet ::
stellar: quasi-stellar
claptrap: platitude
literati: cognoscenti
sophistry: philosophy
ferrite : picosecond ::
pyrite: gold
quartz: minute
ossuary: bone
month: nanosecond
idée fixe : monomania ::
megalomania: diffidence
xenophobia: cosmopolitan
ethnocentrism: egalitarianism
cardiovascular: circulatory