Copyright © 2013 Travis Terry

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1. Divide the squares into 4 piles of like colors
2. Number each square in each pile (1-10)
3. Mix up the squares, make sure the numbered sides are facing up
4. Have partner 1 name a square by color and number.
5. Have partner 2 find that square. Repeat steps 4-5 twice
(you may switch roles)
6.Rearrange the squares into four rows, one for each color.
Order the squares in each row from 1-10
7.Repeat steps 4-5 four times (you may switch roles)
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Which was easier? Which method took less time?
Why were the times different?
Why did you do this activity?

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Sure, it’s the Periodic Table… But do you really know what each of those squares represent?
…And do you really know why those squares are set the way they are?

Examples of familiar elements include…
ALUMINUM SULFUR
NITROGEN
(in liquid state)

Examples of familiar elements include…
URANIUM MERCURY
COPPER

Examples of familiar elements include…
SODIUM SILVER
CARBON

BEFORE scientists began to sort out the elements, what was thought was much different than today.
For hundreds of years, even until the late 1700’ s , people believed that there were FOUR PRIME
ELEMENTS that made up all things that existed.

Well, it’s been only a little over 200 years since a few certain scientists began to classify and organize the elements that were known at that time.
1743-1794 1820-1886
Johann
Döbereiner
John
Newlands
Antoine
Lavoisier
1780-1849
Alexandre
Béguyer
1837-1898

1834-1907

1834-1907

1834-1907

1834-1907

The Periodic Table can be of thought of as just like looking at a map of the United States of America.

The Periodic Table can be of thought of as just like looking at a map of the United States of America .

The Periodic Table can be of thought of as just like looking at a map of the United States of America .

A METAL is any elementary substance that is crystalline when solid , and is also characterized by malleability, conductivity , and a unique luster .
Some examples of METALS are…
Magnesium Cesium
Cobalt Titanium

Some examples of NONMETALS are…
Carbon Iodine
Bromine Neon

A METALLOID is any element whose properties are intermediate or between those of metals and solid nonmetals. They are electrical semi-conductors.
Some examples of METALLOIDS are…
Antimony Silicon
Tellurium Germanium

Now, let’s take a look at the single squares that represent those elements.
The Periodic Table will display at least these
FOUR parts to give you the basic rundown of each specific element.



Now, let’s take a look at the single squares that represent those elements.
The number at the TOP of each square is called the ATOMIC NUMBER .
This number stands for how many protons that this type of element holds within its nucleus.
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PROTON - a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron, but of opposite sign .

Now, let’s take a look at the single squares that represent those elements.
Elements whose SYMBOLS differ from their names…
 NAME – SYMBOL – OLD NAME
 Sodium – “Na” – Natrium
 Potassium – “K” – Kalium
 Iron – “Fe” – Ferrum
 Copper – “Cu” – Cuprum
 Silver – “Ag” – Argentum
 Tin – “Sn” – Stannum


 Tungsten – “W” – Wolfram

 Mercury – “Hg” – Hydragyum
 Lead – “Pb” – Plumbum
 Antimony – “Sb” - Stibium
The ONE or TWO letter
SYMBOL that appears in the center of the square is a way to represent that specific element in a shorter way. The letter (s) are either part of the element’s name or from its original Latin name.

Now, let’s take a look at the single squares that represent those elements.
The NAME of the element! According to the IUPAC*, “elements can be named after a mythological concept, a mineral, a place or country, or a scientist.”
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* IUPAC – the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. This is an organization that strives to advance chemistry, in part by setting global standards for names, symbols, and units.

Now, let’s take a look at the single squares that represent those elements.
The number at the BOTTOM of each square is called the
ATOMIC MASS . This number stands for the mass of an atom of an element. It is about equal to the number of protons and neutrons in an atom of the element.

The Atomic Number shows the # of protons. So, that means…

NEUTRON - a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary Hydrogen.

So, what are the names of all the elements?
Some of them are kind of wacky!
Here’s a song that can help you learn their names!

So, what are the names of all the elements?

As you can see from the video, the elements are also broken into smaller sub-sections, each called a FAMILY.
(rather than just the Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids)

As you can see from the video, the elements are also broken into smaller sub-sections, each called a FAMILY.
(rather than just the Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids)
Alkaline Earth Metals
Post-Transition Metals

SOURCE
Specific Properties:
• As with all metals, they are malleable, ductile, and are conductors of heat and electricity
• They
• All
• All have
• Are than other metals
(can be sliced like butter!)
• They are , and react readily to the elements in the Halogen group

The Alkali Metals and their properties in more detail…

Here is a visual of the Alkali Metals reactivity …

Alkaline Earth Metals
SOURCE
Specific Properties:
• As with all metals, they are malleable, ductile, and are conductors of heat and electricity
• They
• All
• All are as compared to the
Alkali’s, but lower than other metals
• They are the as compared to the Alkali’s, and will form oxides when reacted with Oxygen

The Alkaline Earth Metals and their properties in more detail…

SOURCE
Specific Properties:
• As with all metals, they are malleable, ductile, and are conductors of heat and electricity
• They have
• All
• All are as compared to all other groups of metals
• They have

The Transition Metals and their properties in more detail…

SOURCE
Specific Properties:
• As with all metals, they are malleable, ductile, and are conductors of heat and electricity
• They are also known as the elements
• Five (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu) are and must be stored in oil to keep from reacting
• When
• They have
• They will

The Lanthanide Metals and their properties in more detail…

SOURCE
Specific Properties :
• As with all metals, they are malleable, ductile, and are conductors of heat and electricity
• All of the Actinides are
• All
• All are
• Actinides
• Most actinides
• They will metals

The Actinide Metals and their properties in more detail…

Post-Transition Metals
SOURCE
Specific Properties:
• As with all metals, they are malleable, ductile, and are conductors of heat and electricity
• They
• They have than all other groups of metals
• They are as compared to the transition group of metals
• They have as compared to the transition group of metals

The Post Transition Metals and their properties in more detail…

SOURCE
Specific Properties :
• Metalloids possess some
• They are often

The Metalloids and their properties in more detail…

SOURCE
Specific Properties:
• Nonmetals are and if they are
• They have , which means they will gain electrons rather than losing them
• Solid nonmetals

The Other Nonmetals and their properties in more detail…

SOURCE
Specific Properties:
• Nonmetals are and if they are
• They have , which means they will gain electrons rather than losing them
• Solid nonmetals
• The Halogens are the of nonmetals, especially with Alkali and Alkaline Earth metals
• The Halogens are also

The Halogens and their properties in more detail…

SOURCE
Specific Properties:
• Are fairly
• They have
• All are
• They are
(in the pictures each gas is in a discharge tube which causes the gas to emit a color)

The Noble Gases and their properties in more detail…