Macromolecules Review
What are Organic Macromolecules?
Fill in the blank: Choose the term from the Word Bank that completes each sentence correctly.
Word Bank
Polymer
Organic
Hydrolysis
Monomer
Nucleic Acids
Dehydration Synthesis
Functional groups
Proteins
Lipid
1. An individual unit of a macromolecule is called a ______________________________________.
2. Chemicals found in all cells that are used for work and growth are
_______________________________________________________________.
3. The chemical reaction that bonds monomers together by removing water is called
___________________________________________________________________.
4. Molecules in cells that store genetic information are __________________________________.
5. The chemical reaction that breaks the bonds between chains of monomers by adding water is called
___________________________________________________________.
6. A ___________________________________________ ,like oil or fat ,will not dissolve in water.
7. Carbon-based molecules are called ______________________________________ compounds.
8. A _________________________________ is a large molecule made up of chains of monomers.
9. Each amino acid has three _________________________________________, an Amino group, A
Carboxyl group, and a Radical group.
Short answer: Write your answer to each question.
10. What are the four types of Macromolecules?
a. ______________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________
11. The prefix poly means____________________________.
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Many
12. Simple sugars that provide energy in cells are ______________.
a. Monosaccharides
b. Disaccharides
c. Bisaccharides
d. Polysaccharides
13. Animals store glucose as ________________________.
a. Cellulose
b. Glycogen
c. Fat
d. Glycerol
14. In plants, ______________________ is a structural carbohydrate in stems, leaves, and roots.
a. Cellulose
b. Starch
c. Glucose
d. Fructose
15. _______________________________ is a disaccharide made of fructose and glucose.
a. Honey
b. Starch
c. Sucrose
d. Cellulose
16. Plants store extra glucose in the form of ___________________.
a. Fructose
b. Glycogen
c. Protein
d. Starch
17. Which of these atoms is not found in lipids: Carbon, Oxygen, or Sulfur? _________________________
18. Which of the following is not a function of lipids: Insulation, Energy Storage, or Information storage?
____________________________________________________________________________________
19. Which of the following is not a type of lipid: Steroid, Carbohydrate, or Triglyceride?
____________________________________________________________________________________
20. Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
21. Draw the structure of a phospholipid
22. Why can phospholipids interact with both fat and water?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
23. What is the functional group that gives an amino acid its unique characteristics?
____________________________________________________________________________________
24. An ______________________________ is a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction.
25. What are the three functional groups of amino acids?
a. ____________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________
26. What is the shape of a DNA molecule? ____________________________________________________
27. What are the three structures that make up a nucleotide?
a. ______________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________
28. Draw a Nucleotide