Daily Comment & Card
1492
1493-4
CHRISTOPHER
COLUMBUS
-Italian who sailed for Spain
-Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
-Sailed west to find water
route to the East
-Returned with Gold
encouraging more exploration
TREATY OF
TORDESILLAS
-Pope divided world with Line
of Demarcation
-Half to Spain/Half to Portugal
-Line moved to give Brazil to
Portugal
SONGS FOR THE DAY:
NEVER BEEN TO SPAIN
“Following
the light of
the sun, we
left the
Old World.”
-CHRISTOPHER
COLUMBUS
STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:
-identify Christopher Columbus & Treaty of
Tordesillas
explain the arrival of the first Americans.
-describe the cultures encountered by the
first European visitors.
-analyze reasons for the European shift in
interest toward colonization.
-illustrate the Columbian Exchange
-identify major Spanish explorers and their
claims for Spain
-Evaluate the Spanish legacy in the New World
How did the first Americans get here?
-Bering Strait (land bridge)
-Nomadic Asian hunters
-by 1492, 54 million
in American continents
Major cultures:
INCAS (PERU)
MAYANS (CENTRAL AMERICA)
1/13
AZTECS (MEXICO)
CENTRAL AMERICA=SOPHISTICATED CIVILIZATION
MATH
ASTRONOMY
AGRICULTURE
CALENDAR
*HOWEVER, PRACTICED HUMAN SACRAFICE
IN NORTH AMERICA:
3 SISTER FARMING
(beans, squash, & corn)
2/13
SMALL, SCATTERED, IMPERMANENT
SETTLEMENTS AGRICULTURE
BLAME ATTENTION ON THE CRUSADES:
RENEWED INTEREST IN TRADE
SILK
DRUGS
PERFUME,SOAP
DYES
SUGAR AND OTHER SPICES
MARCO POLO & CHINA
WANT AN ALL WATER ROUTE TO INDIA FOR TRADE…
3/13
PORTUGUESE ARE THE FIRST TO LEAD!
PRINCE HENRY
COAST OF AFRICA (SLAVES)
DIAZ, DA GAMA
WHAT MADE IT
POSSIBLE…
BETTER SHIPS
EQUIPMENT
(CARAVEL, RUDDER)
(ASTROLABE, COMPASS)
MOVEABLE TYPE
Don’t forget:
$ from trade!
4/13
WEAPONS,
Other countries want in:
SPAIN & COLUMBUS
-FERDINAND & ISABELLA
-MOORS DRIVEN OUT
-1492 SET SAIL (NINA, PINTA, SANTA MARIA)
AFTER SIX WEEKS (OCT 12) BAHAMAS
FOLLOWED BY: JAMAICA
PUERTO RICO
TRINIDAD
HONDURAS
-DIES THINKING HE LANDED IN WEST INDIES (1506)
5/13
COLUMBUS USED THE CURRENTS OF THE OCEAN TO
TRAVEL TO THE WEST AND RETURN…
6/13
NEW WORLD
OLD WORLD
BEANS
WHEAT
TOMATOES
SUGAR
POTATO
RICE
TOBACCO
COFFEE
CORN
HORSES
PINEAPPLES
VANILLA
CHOCOLATE
COLUMBIAN
EXCHANGE
COWS
PIGS
SMALLPOX
MEASLES
SYPHILLIS
BUBONIC PLAGUE
INfLUENZA
TYPHUS
7/13
DIPTHERIA
SCARLET FEVER
CLASH OF CULTURES BEGINS:
EUROPE = MARKETS, CAPITAL, TECHNOLOGY
AFRICA = LABOR
NEW WORLD = RAW MATERIALS
OLD WORLD TAKES GOLD & SILVER
AFRICA PROVIDES THE SLAVE LABOR
8/13
To keep order, the Pope divided the New World between
the 2 most powerful Catholic countries: Spain & Portugal
TREATY OF TORDESILLAS
Spain = most of the “heathen lands”
Portugal = Africa, Asia, (with line of demarcation, Brazil)
9/13
SPANISH EXPLORERS
Balboa-
Panama
Magellan-
circumnavigated globe (1519-1522)
Ponce de Leon-
Florida (fountain of youth)
Coronado-
7 cities of Cibola (Grand Canyon)
DeSoto-
Mississippi
Pizarro-
Incas (Peru-1532)
Cabeza de Vaca-
Texas
Cortes-
Aztecs
10/13
Spanish colonies only trade with Spain,
only Catholics can migrate.
CORTES
conquers Aztecs in Mexico under Monteczuma
(thought he was returned God) Quetzalcoatl
Tenochtitlan capitol city
Cortes burned his ships—WHY?
Help from Spanish enslaved by Mayans and an
Indian slave, Malinche (female), who spoke
Mayan and one Aztec language-learned
Spanish. Baptized Dona Marina
Brought death, conquest, intermarriage (mestizos),
crops, & animals
Malinchista=traitor
11/13
Columbus Day=Dia de la Raza
SPANISH LEGACY?
LANGUAGE
RELIGION
ARCHITECTURE
one story, adobe/stone, arched doors. court yards,
high ceilings, tile roofs domed churches,
rectangular bell tower
FOOD & ANIMALS
oranges, lemons, olives, sugar cane, wheat, rice
cows, pigs, horses, donkeys
EDUCATION
universities (Lima, Peru & Mexico City-1550s)
12/13
St. Augustine, Florida (1565) is
oldest continually inhabited
European settlement in what is now
the U.S.
Encomienda (grants land and
indians in return for promise of
Christianization) system was used.
13/13