Day 77
December 2
Who was Fulgencio Batista?
What man led the Cuban Revolution?
How did life change for Cubans after the
Revolution?
HW: Complete maps by Thursday. Map
quiz on Latin America AND Europe Friday!
Day 78
December 3
Who were the Zapatistas?
What was the purpose of their rebellion?
How did NAFTA effect their lives?
HW: Complete maps by tomorrow! Quiz
Friday!
Day 79
December 4
What does NAFTA stand for?
How does it help countries in North
America?
What group is it like in Europe?
HW: Map quiz tomorrow!
Day 80
December 5
An ________ government is when 3-4
wealthy people rule.
In a ________, people can vote.
In an _________, people are ruled by a
dictator.
HW: Have a good weekend!
Day 81
December 8
In an unitary system, ____ > _____.
In a confederation, ____ > _____.
In a federation, central government __ local
governments.
HW: Study governments!! Get grade sheet
signed!
Day 82
December 9
Brazil’s central and local governments share
power. Therefore, Brazil has a ______.
Cuba has an unitary system. The ________
has more power than _____.
The United States used to be a ______,
where the states had more power.
HW: Review govt.!!!
Day 83
December 10
A few wealthy people decide to rule in
Colombia. What type of government did
they create?
Do all dictatorships distribute power in an
unitary way?
You vote for a political party, then they
choose the Prime Minister. What govt. Is
this?
HW: Govt. Worksheet
Day 87
December 16
What countries were the major colonizers in
Latin America?
What country’s official language is
Portuguese?
Where are the Andes located?
HW: Study for finals!!!!!!
Day 88
December 17
What religion did the Europeans force onto
the natives?
What is an indigenous group?
Use at least 3 words to describe Cuba’s
government.
HW: Study for finals!!!!
Day 89
December 18
What does a high literacy rate tell you about
a country’s standard of living?
NAFTA is cheaper because there are no
_______.
The _______ _______ also has no ____,
like NAFTA.
HW: Have a great break!
Day 91- January 8, 2014
Welcome back!!!
What small island is located just under
Florida?
What is the biggest country in Latin
America? What is the dominant language
there?
What country shares a border with the
Dominican Republic?
HW: Complete worksheet on Latin
American maps.
January 9
Day 92
Who was Hernan Cortes? What did he
accomplish?
Who was Francisco Pizarro? What did he
accomplish?
Why did the Spanish have to start getting
slaves from Africa?
HW: Review government.
January 10
Day 93
Why was the Columbian Exchange
important?
Describe Cuba’s government.
Describe Mexico’s and Brazil’s
government.
HW: None
January 13
Day 94
What is a Mestizo?
What is a Mullato?
What is the dominant religion in Latin
America?
HW: Study!! CDA this week!!!
January 14
Day 95
What did Simon Bolivar accomplish?
Bolivar was called “The Liberator.” What
does that mean?
Why is L’Ouverture important?
Where was he from?
HW: Study for CDA this Friday!
January 15
Day 96
What does it mean to gain independence?
What countries were the major colonizers in
Latin America?
What impact do the colonizers have on
Latin America still today?
HW: Cuban Revolution sheet. CDA
FRIDAY!
January 16
Day 97
Explain why Miguel Hidalgo is important to
Mexico’s history.
What is the Zapatista Movement about?
Who are the Zapatistas?
HW: STUDY! CDA TOMORROW!
January 17
Day 98
Agenda Message: Have a good THREE day
break!
Get your study guide out. Make sure your
name is on it.
All you need on your desk is a pencil, your
study guide, and your AR book.
January 21
Day 99
Who was the dictator before the Cuban
Revolution?
Who was the dictator after the Cuban
Revolution?
Describe Fidel Castro.
HW: Review Notes.
The Lasting Impact of Europeans:
Religion, Language and Slavery
SS6H2 The student will explain the development of Latin America
and the Caribbean from European colonies to independent nations.
a. Describe the influence of African slavery on the development of the
Americas.
b. Describe the influence of the Spanish and the Portuguese on the
language and religions of Latin America.
Slavery in Latin America
•
Shortage of labor in
Americas led to beginning
of Atlantic slave trade.
•
Farmers and plantation
owners first used Native
Americans; European
diseases and warfare killed
millions of Native
Americans.
•
Workers were still needed
on sugar, tobacco, and
other types of plantations
which brought about the
Africa slave trade in the
Americas.
Slavery in Latin America
Video
Slavery in Latin America
Between the 1500s
and the 1800s millions
of Africans were
captured, shipped
across the Atlantic
Ocean, and sold as
slaves in the Americas.
10 to 20 Million Enslaved
Brazil

4 - 10 million
Spanish Empire

2 - 5 million
Caribbean

3 – 6 million
North America

.5 – 1 million
Cuban Revolution
Fulgencio Batista was dictator
People were living poorly under his power
They wanted a change
Fidel Castro led a revolution
He promised them a democracy
He took over Cuba and pushed Batista out
of power
Triangular Trade
Triangular trade is a
historical term
indicating trade among
three ports or regions,
in the shape of a
triangle.
(Europe, Africa, and the
Americas)
Triangular Trade
First leg of triangle, ships
carrying European goods to
Africa to be exchanged for
slaves.
Second leg, Middle
Passage, brought Africans
to Americas to be sold.
Third leg carried American
products to Europe.
Triangular Trade Route
Europe
The Americas
Manufactured
goods
(beads, cloth,
guns)
Cotton, sugar, tobacco,
molasses, rum
Africa
slaves
Triangular Trade
Video
Diversity in Latin America
Latin America’s cultures are diverse.

Each region has its own history, languages, customs,
beliefs, foods, music, etc.
Latin America also has diversity in its races:
Europeans, Africans, and Native Americans are the
largest groups.
 Members of these groups have intermarried and
developed unique cultures over time.

Native Americans
• Europeans began colonizing the Americas in
the 1500s.
–
–
They forced the natives to work on plantations & in mines.
Many native populations were completely wiped out by
European weapons and diseases.
• Some natives were able to preserve their cultures by
moving to remote regions.
• Many people in Venezuela are mestizos (ancestors were
both European and Native American).
Africans
Europeans brought Africans to the New
World and forced them to work as slaves.
Descendants of these people still live in
Latin America today.
Many live in Brazil, Panama, and islands in the
Caribbean.
 Europeans who married Africans were known
as mulattoes.

Spread of Culture
As result of slave trade,
people of African descent
spread throughout Americas,
Western Europe
Spread called African
Diaspora
Eventually led to spread of
African culture—music, art,
religion, food—throughout the
Western World
Slaves and other ethnic
groups blended
Languages of Latin America
The term Latin
America refers to the
origin of the languages
Spanish and
Portuguese from
Ancient Roman Empire.
These languages are
spoken widely
throughout Latin
America as a result of
European colonization
of the region.
Languages of Latin America
There are two main
languages spoken
throughout Latin
America


Portuguese- Brazil
Spanish- in most
other countries
Languages of Latin America
Video
Recall- Why did Europeans Explore?
The 3 G’s:
God
Gold
Glory
The Three G’s
European explorers
had found gold and
glory in the
Americas.
Now it was time to
focus on God.
Spread of Christianity
After the Spanish
conquered the
Aztecs and the
Incas (and other
Native Americans),
they tried to
convert them to
Christianity.
Spread of Christianity
Just as the Catholic
Church was powerful in
Spain… it soon became
powerful in Latin
America
Catholic priests set up
churches, schools,
hospitals and Spanish
missions
Spread of Christianity
The purpose of
Spanish Missions and
the priests was to
spread the Christian
religion among the
local natives.
Spread of Christianity
To help accomplish
this, each Spanish
mission recruited
local natives,
brought them to
live at the mission
and taught them
Spanish, farming
and other skills.
Religion of Latin America Today
The lasting impact
of the spread of
Christianity can
still be found
throughout Latin
America today.

94% of Latin
Americans are
Roman Catholic.
Roman
Catholic
Other
Religion of Latin America Today
Video
Latin America
Independence
Simon Bolivar
Miguel Hidalgo
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Revolutions Begin
Revolutionary ideas took hold in Latin America as colonies
fought for independence from Europe.
The revolutions in the United States and France led to other
independence movements around the globe.
Simon Bolivar The Liberator
Simon Bolivar, the
great revolutionary
leader known as “the
Liberator of South
America,” was born to
a wealthy family of
Creoles in Caracas,
Venezuela in 1783.
Simon Bolivar
He was educated in
Spain.
While in Spain, he
traveled to France
where he saw the
crowning of
Napoleon as
emperor.
Simon Bolivar
Napoleon invaded Spain and
overthrew the Spanish king. In his
place he set up his brother, Joseph
Bonaparte, as king.
Simon Bolivar
He did not like the
way the Spanish
government treated
its colonies.
He knew that it would
be the best time to
work to free the
colonies of Spanish
rule since they were
occupied with French
occupation in Spain.
Simon Bolivar
Bolivar was a wealthy
colonist who worked in
secrecy to organize a
rebellion.
Under his guidance,
Venezuela was
liberated from
Spanish control.
Bolivar was then
elected President.
Simon Bolivar
Bolivar then worked to
free other South
America countries.
Colombia
 Panama
 Ecuador
 Peru

Simon Bolivar
Video
Toussaint L’Ouverture
In the beginning, Haiti’s native people
were the Ceboneys and the Tainos who
were originally from the Amazon
Valley. Very soon the island was
discovered by Columbus in 1492. After
gold was discovered nearby in the
Dominican Republic, other Spanish
settlers rushed to the island and Spain
took control of the island.
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Next, the French
brought African slaves
to work on the coffee
and spice plantations.
By the late 1700’s,
there were more slaves
than French colonists
who lived there.
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Toussaint L’Ouverture
was born a slave in 1743.
Even though he was a
slave, he was fortunate in
having an owner who
allowed him to learn to
read and write.
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Throughout Haiti’s history,
slaves revolted numerous
times, but the most influential
one was lead by L’Ouverture. In
1789, the French Revolution
took over in France, and the
issue of slavery was debated.
They voted to end slavery in
the French colonies, including
what was now known as Haiti.
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Later, the rulers of France were
replaced by Napoleon, who ruled
France with dictatorial powers.
He immediately reinstated
slavery in the French colonies,
and once again put Haiti back
into war. Toussaint tried to
reason with Napoleon, and they
agreed to terms of peace.
Napoleon agreed to recognize
Haitian independence, and
Toussaint agreed to retire from
public life.
Toussaint L’Ouverture
A few months later, the French
invited Toussaint to come to a
safe, negotiating meeting in Haiti.
When he arrived, the French (at
Napoleon's orders) betrayed
Toussaint and arrested him,
putting him on a ship for France.
Napoleon ordered that Toussaint
be placed in a prison dungeon in the
mountains, and murdered by means
of cold, starvation, and neglect.
Toussaint died in prison in 1803,
but others carried on the fight for
freedom.
Miguel Hidalgo
The head figure and chief
instigator of the Mexican
Independence movement was
Father Miguel Hidalgo, the
priest of the small town of
Dolores. Soon after becoming
a priest, Hidalgo began to
promote the idea of an
uprising by the native and
mixed-blood peasantry
against wealthy Spanish landowners and aristocrats.
Miguel Hidalgo
During his seven years at Dolores,
Hidalgo promoted discussion
groups at his house where natives,
mestizos(mixed), criollos(low class
Spanish commoners), and
peninsulares(high class Spanish
commoners) were all welcomed.
The independence movement was
born out of these informal
discussions and was directed
against Spanish domination of
political and economic life in New
Spain.
Miguel Hidalgo
Their plans were disclosed to
the central government. On
September 16, 1810, Hidalgo
decided to strike out for
independence.
The independence forces
marched on to Mexico City.
Despite some victories along the
way, they lost momentum and
failed to take Mexico City.
Miguel Hidalgo
After a few more victories, the
revolutionary forces moved north
toward Texas. In March of the
following year, the insurgents were
ambushed and taken prisoner.
Hidalgo was tried as a priest by the
Holy Office of the Inquisition and
found guilty of heresy and treason.
He was later condemned to death.
On July 30, 1811, Hidalgo was
executed by firing squad. His body
was mutilated, and his head was
displayed as a warning to other
insurgents.
Miguel Hidalgo
New leaders took Hidalgo’s place. A
few wealthy Spanish nobles and many
criollos joined the fight for
independence. The fight lasted for
11 years. In 1821, the rebels finally
overthrew the Spanish government.
Mexico finally became independent.
Miguel Hidalgo
Mexico’s
independence was
based on three
guarantees.
1.
2.
3.
Mexico would be
independent from
Spain
Mexico would be
Catholic
Criollos and
Peninsulares would
be equal.
Miguel Hidalgo
Video