Study Guide-CH1
Sec#
1.0.1.1
1) A computer is an electronic machine that
2) The first computers were huge, _____________ that
took teams of people to build, manage and maintain
3) A computer system consists of
4) Hardware is the physical equipment. It includes the
5) Software includes the
6) Programs vary widely depending on
1.1.1.1
7) The computer case contains the ________________
of a computer while providing
__________________.
8) In addition to providing protection and support,
cases also provide
9) As the air passes warm components, it absorbs heat
and then exits the case. This process keeps the
computer components from
10) Cases also help to prevent damage from
11) All computers need a power supply to convert
12) Every computer also needs a _____________. The
________ is the ________________ in a computer
1.1.1.2
13) The size and shape of the computer case is usually
determined by the
14) The basic form factors for computer cases include
15) Computer cases are referred to in a number of ways:
16) Several factors must be considered when choosing a
case:
17) The power supply must provide
enough___________ and allow for
other___________________________.
18) You might need to replace the
__________________ when other components are
upgraded.
19) _______________ is required for all components
inside the computer.
20) There are 3 main form factors for power supplies:
21) The most common form factor used in computers
today is __________________________.
22) An ____________________ can protect a computer
from problems caused by changes in power.
23) A UPS uses a power inverter. A power inverter
provides ______ to the computer from a built-in
battery by converting the _____ of the UPS battery
into ______ power.
24) Most connectors today are _________________
25) A Molex keyed connector connects to
26) A Berg keyed connector connects to a
27) A SATA keyed connector connects to
28) Older standard power supplies used two connectors
called P8 and P9. The installation required that the
connectors be lined up with the
_________________ together in the middle.
29) If you have a difficult time inserting a connector, try
30) If a connector is plugged in incorrectly, it can
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Study Guide-CH1
1.1.1.3
31) The four basic units of electricity:
32) _______ is a measure of work required to move a
charge from one location to another.
33) _______ is a measure of the amount of electrons
moving through a circuit per second.
34) _______ is a measure of the work required to move
electrons through a circuit (voltage), multiplied by the
number of electrons going through that circuit per
second (current).
35) ______ is the opposition to the flow of current in a
circuit, measured in ohms.
36) A basic equation, known as Ohm's Law, expresses
how three of the terms relate to each other. It states
that voltage is equal ______________
37) In an electrical system, power is equal to the
______.
38) You can use Ohm’s Triangle, shown in Figure 1, to
calculate voltage, current, or resistance when two of
the variables are known. To see the correct formula,
_________________ and perform the resulting
calculation.
39) Computers normally use power supplies ranging
from 250W to 800W output capacity. However, some
computers need ______________________.
40) A power supply with a higher wattage rating has
more capacity, therefore, it can
41) On the back of most power supplies is a small switch
called the voltage selector switch. This switch sets
the input voltage to the power supply to either
42) Setting the voltage switch to the incorrect input
voltage could
43) CAUTION: Do not open a power supply. Electronic
capacitors located inside of a power supply can hold
1.1.1.4
44) Print OUT & Do 1.1.1.4 Worksheet - Ohms Law.pdf
1.1.2.1
45) The motherboard is the ______ and contains the
_____________, found in a compute.
46) A motherboard is also known as the
47) The motherboard accommodates the
48) The form factor of motherboards pertains to the
49) It also describes the
50) The form factor determines how individual
components
51) Which Motherboard has the smallest footprint?
1.1.2.2
52) The central processing unit (CPU) is
53) In terms of computing power, the CPU is the
54) CPUs come in different form factors, each style
requiring
55) Most CPU sockets and processors in use today are
built around the architectures of the
56) In ___________________, pins on the underside of
the processor are inserted into the socket, usually
with zero insertion force (ZIF)
57) In __________________, the pins are in the socket
instead of on the processor.
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58) The CPU executes a program, which is a
59) While the CPU is executing one step of the program,
the remaining instructions and the data are stored
nearby in a special memory called _____________.
60) List the two major CPU architectures are related to
instruction sets:
61) Some Intel CPUs incorporate hyperthreading to
enhance the performance of the CPU. With
hyperthreading,
62) Some AMD processors use hypertransport to
enhance CPU performance. Hypertransport is a
63) The power of a CPU is measured by the
64) The speed of a CPU is rated in ________, such as
millions of ______________, called
_____________, or________________________.
1.1.2.4
1.1.2.5
1.1.2.6
65) The amount of data that a CPU can process at one
time depends on the size _________________.
66) Higher performance can be achieved when the
67) The ______ of the FSB is measured in _______.
68) A bit is the smallest unit of data in a computer.
Current processors use a
69) ______ is a technique used to make a processor
work at a faster speed than its original specification.
70) The opposite of overclocking is
71) The latest processor technology has resulted in CPU
manufacturers finding ways to incorporate
72) Octa-Core CPU has __________ processors.
73) Memory chips store data in the form of __________
74) A byte is most commonly a block of ____________
75) ___________ chips are located on the motherboard
and other circuit boards.
76) The contents cannot be erased or changed by
77) ROM is sometimes called
78) RAM is the _______ for data and programs that are
being accessed by the CPU.
79) RAM is volatile memory, which means that
80) The more RAM in a computer, the more
81) The maximum amount of RAM that can be installed
is limited by
82) DRAM =
83) SRAM =
84) FPM Memory =
85) SDRAM =
86) DDR SDRAM =
87) DDR2 SDRAM =
88) DDR3 SDRAM =
89) RDRAM =
90) The speed of memory has a direct impact on how
much
91) Dual-channel memory increases the speed by
92) What memory is in a laptop?
93) This has 168, 184 & 240 pins.
94) This has a front side bus of 2133 MHZ.
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95) This is found on high-end workstations & server
CPUs.
96) This can detect multiple bit errors & correct single bit
errors in memory.
1.1.2.7
97) This Connects a computer to a network using a
network cable.
98) This Provides audio capability.
99) Sends a video signal to a computer so that the signal
can be recorded to the computer hard drive with.
100) This Connects multiple hard drives to a computer
to provide redundancy and to improve performance
101) Three slots no longer used.
102) The fastest slot.
103) 32 bit slot used by laptops.
1.1.2.8
104) What is RAID and what is it for?
105) Storage drives, as shown in Figure 1, read
information from or write information to
106) The storage capacity of a hard drive ranges from
107) The speed of a hard drive is measured in
108) The faster the spindle speed, the
109) Magnetic hard drives have drive motors that are
designed to spin the magnetic platters and move the
drive heads. In contrast, the newer solid state drives
(SSDs) do not have
110) Magnetic tapes are most often used for
111) There are three types of optical drives:
1.1.2.9
1.1.3.1
112) DVD+/-RW =
113) BD-RE =
114) An external flash drive, also known as a
115) IDE =
116) EIDE differs from an IDE by117) PATA =
118) SATA =
119) eSATA cable length =
120) SCSI can be up to _____________ drives
121) RAID provides a way to store data
122) Which RAID provides the most protection?
123) Which RAID provides no protection?
124) Parity =
125) Striping =
126) Mirroring =
127) Floppy disk drive (FDD) data cable - Has up to
128) Why did they double the pins for PATA (EIDE)
80-conductor data cable?
129) SATA data cable =
130) A colored stripe on a floppy or PATA cable
identifies
131) Video ports and monitor cables transfer
132) Converting a digital signal to an analog signal
usually results in
133) DB-15, as shown in Figure 4, has
134) RJ-45, as shown in Figure 6, has
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135) High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) –
Carries=
1.1.3.2
136) The following ports & cables are commonly used:
137) Serial ports transmit
138) A serial cable has a maximum length of
139) USB devices are
140) A single USB port in a computer can support up
to
141) USB 2.0 allows transmission speeds up to
142) USB 3.0 allows transmission speeds up to
143) FireWire is a
144) A single FireWire port in a computer can support
up to
145) Parallel ports can transmit 8 bits of data at one
time and use
146) A SCSI port can transmit parallel data at rates in
excess of
147) The maximum length of network cable is
148) A______ connects a keyboard or a mouse to a
computer. It has _______ pins
1.1.4.1
149) List some examples of input devices
150) A keyboard, video, mouse (_______) switch is a
hardware device that can be used to control more
than one computer while using a single keyboard,
monitor, and mouse.
151) ______________ makes use of features that are
unique to an individual user, such as fingerprints,
voice recognition, or a retinal scan.
152) A ___ has a pressure-sensitive transparent panel.
153) A ______, shown in Figure 5, allows a designer
or artist to create blueprints, images, or other artwork
by using a pen-like tool called a stylus against a
surface that senses where the stylus is located
154) A _________ digitizes an image or document.
155) Some examples of output devices:
156) _______________ is commonly used in flat panel
monitors, laptops, and some projectors. It consists of
two polarizing filters with a liquid crystal solution
between them.
157) ________ display uses a layer of organic material
that responds to electrical stimulus to emit light.
158) ________ displays get their name from the use of
tiny cells of ionized gas that light up when stimulated
by electricity.
159) __________ use a spinning color wheel with a
microprocessor-controlled array of mirrors called a
_____________________.
160) __________ are output devices that create hard
copies of computer files.
1.1.4.3
161) Pixel =
162) Dot pitch =
163) Contrast ratio =
164) Refresh rate =
165) Interlace/Non-Interlace =
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166) Aspect ratio=
167) Native resolution =
1.2.1.1
168) Before making any purchases or performing
upgrades, first determine
169) The computer case holds the
170) Power supplies convert
171) It is recommended that the power supply has
approximately
172) When you select a replacement motherboard,
make sure that it supports the
173) Different motherboards use different
174) When building a computer, choose a
175) Motherboards have different types of
176) The bus has two parts. List them.
177) PCI expansion slots are being replaced with
1.2.1.3
178) Multicore processors have
179) High-power consumption creates more heat in the
computer case. Multicore processors
180) The front-side bus (FSB) is the
181) What is the advantage of a 64-bit processor over
a 32-bit processor?
182) The direction of air flow created by all the fans in
the case must work together
1.2.1.4
183) New RAM may be needed when
184) When selecting new RAM, you must ensure
1.2.1.5
185) Adapter cards, also called expansion cards, are
designed for
186) Before you purchase an adapter card, answer the
following questions
187) Choose the correct graphics card based on your
188) Which cards are frequently built into the
motherboard?
1.2.1.6
189) The signs that a storage device is failing might
include:
190) Floppy Disk Drives (FDDs) still have some limited
uses, they have been largely superseded by
191) There are several factors to consider when
purchasing a new hard drive=
192) Some drives may be capable of hot-swapping.
Hot-swappable drives can be
1.2.1.7
193) SSDs are considered to be highly reliable
because
194) A media reader is a device that reads & writes to
1.2.1.8
195) An optical drive uses a laser to
196) A CD-RW can
197) A Blu-ray reader (BD-R) can only read
1.2.1.9
198) External storage connects to an external port,
such as
199) What factors do you look at when choosing the
correct type of external storage for your customer’s
needs?
1.2.1.10 200) To select input and output devices, first
201) After you determine which input or output device
the customer needs, you must determine how to
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1.2.1.11 202) Do the Worksheet.
1.3.1.1
203) A standard thick client is
204) The quantity and speed of the memory should
exceed
1.3.1.2
205) An audio and video editing workstation is used
during many stages of development when
206) Specialized hardware and software are combined
to build
207) Consider the following hardware when you need
to run audio and video editing software: (BRIEF)
1.3.1.3
208) You may need to build a computer for a client that
uses virtualization technologies. Simultaneously
209) VDI allows users to
210) Low-powered devices, known as ___________
use a server that is much more powerful to perform
difficult calculations.
211) This is some of the hardware required to run
virtual computers:
1.3.1.4
212) What is the hardware required to build a gaming
machine? (BRIEF)
1.3.1.5
213) Building a Home Theater Personal Computer
(HTPC) requires
214) A useful feature of an HTPC is the ability to
215) Instead of building an HTPC, some clients may
opt to build a
1.3.1.6
216) Do Worksheet 1.3.1.6
1.4.1.1
217) Information technology encompasses the use of
summary 218) A personal computer system consists of
219) The computer case and power supply must be
chosen carefully to support
220) Typical input devices include the
221) Typical output devices include
222) Specialized computers requir
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