OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
1
Scott Kettner
Rahttiya Jinsirivanich
Wongsuphan Ketprathum
Ekachai Juengjaroensuk
Earl Mason
Pajamas] Open Source Media Launch, Left to Right: Jeff Goldstein, Ed Driscoll, Glenn Reynolds, Larry Kudlow, Jane Hall,
Roger L. Simon, Manuel L. Quezon, Michelle Malkin, Claudia Rosette, Charles Johnson, Clifford May, Michael Barone and
Eugene Volokh.
Source; http://www.allthingsbeautiful.com/all_things_beautiful/2005/11/blogging_to_dif.html
Who here uses open source software?
2
TYPE OF FLOSS
USAGE
PERCENTAGE
Aware User
49.4%
Unaware User
29.9%
Non-User
20.6%
Total
100%
N=955
Pool of surveyed consists of
local European Government
Employees
Source: Economic Impact of open source software on innovation and the competitiveness of information and communication technologies sector in the EU ,
Nov. 20, 2006 UNU-MERIT
Open Source Overview
3

History

Open Source vs. Proprietary

Technical Components

OS Effects on Business Strategy

Best Practices for Open Systems
Open Source Overview
4

History

Open Source vs. Proprietary

Technical Components

OS Effects on Business Strategy

Best Practices for Open Systems
What is Open Source Software?
5
“Open Source Software is computer software
which source code is available under a license
(or arrangement such as the public domain)
that meets the Open source definition. This
permits users to use, change, and improve the
software, and to redistribute it in modified or
unmodified form.”
Source: Time Magazine, December 25, 2006, Viewed on March 13, 2008
Open Source Definition
6
Under the Open Source Definition, licenses must meet 10 conditions in order to be considered open
source licenses.
1. Free Redistribution: The software can be freely given away or sold.
2. Source Code: The source code must either be included or freely obtainable.
3. Derived Works: Redistribution of modifications must be allowed.
4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code: Licenses may require that modifications are redistributed
only as patches.
5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups: No one can be locked out.
6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor: Commercial users cannot be excluded.
7. Distribution of License: The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the
program is redistributed without the need for execution of an additional license by those parties.
8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product: The program cannot be licensed only as part of a
larger distribution.
9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software: The license cannot insist that any other software it is
distributed with must also be open source.
10. License Must Be Technology-Neutral: No click-wrap licenses or other medium-specific ways of
accepting the license must be required.
Source: http://opensource.org/docs/osd, viewed on March10, 2008
The History of Open Source Software
7

•

•
•
Late 1970's - Mid 1980's: UNIX
A group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs originally developed
UNIX, the most powerful operating system on a computer.
1980's: GNU
Richard Stallman, a programmer at the Artificial Intelligence
Lab (AI Lab), MIT, launched the GNU Project (free operating
system) & the Free Software Foundation (FSF).
“The GNU General Public License (GPL) was designed not
only to ensure that the software produced by GNU will remain
free, but to promote the production of more and more free
software.”
Source: http://www.netc.org/openoptions/background/history.html, Viewed on March 17, 2008
The History of Open Source Software
8

•
•
Early 1990's: Linux
Linus Torvalds created Linux.
"I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby,
won't be big and professional like gnu)..." - Linus
Torvalds, 1991
•
1998: Netscape's big move
Netscape planned to create an open source browser,
Mozilla. After announcing the Mozilla project, America
Online (AOL) bought Netscape.

2003: Linux OS/Apache Web Server are mainstream

Source: http://www.netc.org/openoptions/background/history.html, Viewed on March 17, 2008
Why Open Source is Important to Managers ?
9

New Technologies

Drive down cost of doing business

Custom Software

Unknown uses of Open Source in Organization
Source: www.ciozone.com/index.php/tool/50-top-open-source-resources-cios-should-know-and-maybe-love..html
Who is open source coming from?
10
Top 10 Companies
1. SunMicrosystems 6. MySQL
51,372 Person-months
312m euros
2. IBM
14,865 Person-months
90m euros
3. Red Hat
9,748 Person-months
59m euros
5,747 Person-months
35m euros
7. Netscape
5,249 Person-months
32m euros
8. Ximian
4,985 Person-months
30m euros
4. Silicon Graphics 9. Realnetworks
7,736 Person-months
47m euros
5. SAP
7,493 Person-months
46m euros
4,412 Person-months
27m euros
10. AT&T
4,286 Person-months
26m euros
Top 10 Academic
Institutions
1. Regents Of The University Of California
4,955 Person-months
2 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
4,774 Person-months
3 Carnegie Mellon University
1,687 Person-months
4 University Of Chicago
1,340 Person-months
5 INRIA
1,009 Person-months
6 University Of Amsterdam
982 Person-months
7 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam
870 Person-months
8 Ohio State University
551 Person-months
9 University Of Utah
518 Person-months
10 University Of Notre Dame
505 Person-months
Source: http://www.businessreviewonline.com/os/archives/2007/01/where_does_open.html
Economic Impact of open source software on innovation and the competitiveness of information and communication technologies sector in the EU , Nov. 20, 2006 UNU-MERIT
Where in the world does open source
software come from?
11
Source: http://www.businessreviewonline.com/os/archives/2006/07/where_in_the_wo.html
Top 20 Open Source Packages
12
Rank
Package
Installs
Prevalence
1
zlib
615
81%
2
firefox
606
80%
3
xerces
567
75%
4
xalan
516
68%
5
openssl
489
64%
6
openoffice
468
61%
7
hsqldb
462
61%
8
commons-logging
430
56%
9
perl
428
56%
10
prototype
427
56%
11
gcc
410
54%
12
libxml2
408
53%
13
wget
406
53%
14
log4j
380
50%
15
vim
379
50%
16
bash
372
49%
17
gnupg
371
49%
18
openssh
366
48%
19
ghostscript
364
48%
20
docbook-xml
330
45%
Source: https://www.osscensus.org/summary-report-public.php, as visited on 4/21/08
117,933 Installations Found ,734 Machines Scanned , 709 Unique Packages Found , 57 Unique Packages Per Enterprise
Open Source Overview
13

History

Open Source vs. Proprietary

Technical Components

OS Effects on Business Strategy

Best Practices for Open Systems
Open Source vs. Proprietary
14
Collaboration
License
End user support
Security
System Requirement
Forces Upgrade on
users
Open-source
Proprietary
Volunteer
Teams or Structure Groups
Free
Fees
Many eyes looking for
bugs
One-Stop shop provided
Code can be seen and
fixed by anyone
No one is responsible for
open source
May not always release
advis
ories for all bugs
No one knows what bugs
exist
Minimal
Higher
No
Yes
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open_source_and_closed_source viewed on 2/25/2008
What’s Different about Development
with Open Source?
15
Flexibility
Support
Innovation
Not constrained by
• License fees and
budgets
• Proprietary Protocol
• Financial
commitment
• Quicker problem solving
• Better feature
enhancement process
• Collaborative learning
• Broader community
• Developers can
experiment with
components they would
never use if they cost
money
Reuse
Quality
• Users are willing to use and
reuse open source due to the
ability to access the source
code
•The development process
may be faster and smoother
Source: Open Source: Open for Business. Computer Sciences Corporation. 2004. 22. <http://www.csc.com/features/2004/uploads/LEF_OPENSOURCE.pdf>.
In 2007, Cost savings are clearly the biggest benefit
driving open source adoption in organizations.
16
Reasons for Open Source
Implementations
Cost savings
67%
No proprietary vendor lock-in
28%
Better performance/Uptime
27%
Ability to rewrite, customize, or adapt
code
21%
Don’t know/ Unsure
18%
Easier integration with current
systems
18%
Easier maintenance
17%
Better skills availability
15%
Visibility into roadmap, bugs, fixes
9%
Competitive pressure
9%
Other
9%
To extend the life of hardware assets
6%
Date: September 2007
Audience: Members of the
IOUG included database
administrators, IT managers,
directors, CIOs, and
consultants.
Number of Responses: 226
Source: McKendrick, Joe. "Open Source in the Enterprise: New Software Disrupts the Technology Stack." (2007). 10 Mar. 2008
<http://www.ioug.org/IOUG_Open_Source_07.pdf>.
The Dark Side of Open Source
17

‘You Get What You Pay For’
The service and maintenance of open
source software are not free.

However, OS software support costs
20-30% less than commercial
software.
Source: "The Dark Side of Open Sauce" Leslie Kramer, Wall Street & Technology; Apr 2006 pg. 43
The Dark Side of Open Source
18

Another problem is the continued maintenance
of software over long periods.
“The community that develops this software is primarily a
volunteer community, and they may get less interested in
the product over time,”
Michel Goulde
Senior Analyst
Forrester Research
Source: "The Dark Side of Open Sauce" Leslie Kramer, Wall Street & Technology; Apr 2006 pg. 43
What are the biggest concerns about
open source software?
19
2007:
Support is the greatest
concern for using open
source systems
Date: September 2007
Audience: Members of the IOUG
included database administrators, IT
managers, directors, CIOs, and
consultants.
Number of Responses: 226
Source: McKendrick, Joe. "Open Source in the Enterprise: New Software Disrupts the Technology Stack." (2007). 10 Mar. 2008
<http://www.ioug.org/IOUG_Open_Source_07.pdf>.
APACHE Story
20

APACHE WEBPAGE SERVERS RUN ≈50% OF THE
WORLDS WEBSITES

NONPROFIT APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION
DEVELOPS AND DISTRIBUTES APACHE HTTP
SERVER 1ST DEVELOPED BY ROB MCCOOL IN 1995

APACHE LICENSE IS NOT PART OF GPL LICENSING
ALTHOUGH FREE IT CAN BE USED AS PART OF
CLOSED SOURCE DERIVATION
Source: HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/APACHE_HTTP_SERVER VIEWED 3\10\2008
APACHE Story
21

APACHE RE-DISTRIBUTED AS PART OF
VARIOUS PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE
PACKAGES




ORACLE DATABASE
IBM WEBSPHERE
MAC OS (WEB OBJECTS)
WEB SERVER COMPONENT OF THE LAMP
APPLICATION STACK
Source: HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/APACHE_HTTP_SERVER VIEWED 3\10\2008
APACHE Story
22

APACHE FIRST WEBSERVER RELEASE WAS
IN1995

DOWNLOAD, TWEAK IT, BURN IT, AND
INSTALL
ON AS MANY SERVERS AS YOU WANT
Source: HTTP://HTTPD.APACHE.ORG VIEWED 3/10/2008
APACHE HTTP Server
23
#1 Web server in use
SOURCE: HTTP//NETCRAFT.COM/ARCHIVES/ WEB_SERVER_SURVEY.HTML VIEWED 3/10/2008
APACHE HTTP Server
24
Developer
February
2008
%
March
2008
%
Change
APACHE
80,580,183
50.93%
82,454,415
50.69%
-0.24
MICROSOFT
56,265,527
35.56%
57,698,503
35.47%
-0.09
GOOGLE
8,169,930
5.16%
9,012,004
5.54%
0.38
LIGHTSPEED
1,565,536
0.99%
1,552,650
0.95%
-0.04
SUN
547,510
0.35%
546,581
0.34%
-0.01
SOURCE: HTTP//NETCRAFT.COM/ARCHIVES/ WEB_SERVER_SURVEY.HTML VIEWED 3/10/2008
Open Source Overview
25

History

Open Source vs. Proprietary

Technical Components

OS Effects on Business Strategy

Best Practices for Open Systems
What is HTML?
26

Hypertext mark up language

Html is primarily a formatting language for web
content

The HTML documents are written in plain text,
but with the addition of tags which describe or
define the text they enclose
Source: http://www.acad.bg/beginner/gnrt/appendix/glossary.html, viewed 3/8/2008
WHAT IS XML?
27
Extensible Markup language
 (Html formats data) Xml describes data
structure
 XML is a markup language for documents
containing structured information.
 XML not a fixed set of elements like HTML
XML allows authors to define their own tags

Source: http://www.acad.bg/beginner/gnrt/appendix/glossary.html, viewed 3\8\2008
What is Internet Protocol (IP)?
28

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or
protocol by which data is sent from one
computer to another on the Internet
Source: http://www.net-o2.com/ip.asp, Viewed on March 27, 2008.
http://searchunifiedcommunications.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid186_gci214031,00.html, Viewed on April1, 2008.
Firefox at a Glance
29





Internet Browser sprang from Netscape
(Phoenix 2002)
2nd most popular web browser (17%)
Pop-up blockers, tabbed browsing, advanced
privacy, and more
Highly personalized by everyone
Over 2000 add-on programs
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefox
FREE SOFTWARE FOR YOUR PRACTICE, James Dom Dera; Family Practice Management; Feb 2006; 13,2; ABI/INFORM Global pg. 56
Firefox Market share
30
Source: http://mozillalinks.org/wp/2007/03/page/2/
Browser Market Share
31
Report generated Tuesday, April 29, 2008 2:23:57 AM http://marketshare.hitslink.com/report.aspx?qprid=0#
Firefox vs. IE Users: Gender
32
Source: http://www.comscore.com/blog/2007/04/firefox_vs_internet_explorer.html
Firefox vs. IE Users: Affluence
33
Source: http://www.comscore.com/blog/2007/04/firefox_vs_internet_explorer.html
Firefox vs. IE Users : Age
34
Source: http://www.comscore.com/blog/2007/04/firefox_vs_internet_explorer.html
Firefox Users
35
Source: http://www.comscore.com/blog/2007/04/firefox_vs_internet_explorer.html
The Mozilla Project
36

“The Mozilla project is a global community of
people who have been working together since
1998 to create world-class open source
software. Those involved in the community
believe that openness, innovation, and
opportunity are key to the continued health of
the Internet. The projects on this page are just
some examples of what the community is
doing.”
Source: http://www.mozilla.org/projects/
The Mozilla Family of Products
37
• Camino
• Firefox
• SeaMonkey
• Sunbird and Lighting
• Thunderbird
• One Laptop Per Child
Web Browser
• TomTom HOME
• Bonsai
• Bugzilla
• Tinderbox
• Tamarin, XPCOM, and
XUL
All logos taken from: http://www.mozilla.org/projects/
What is Linux?
38

Linux is a free Unix-type operating system
originally created by Linus Torvalds with the
assistance of developers around the world.
Developed under the GNU General Public
License, the source code for Linux is freely
available to everyone.
Source: http://www.linux.org/info/index.html, View on April 4, 2008.
39
The flavors of Linux are referred to as distributions . All the Linux
distributions released around the same time frame will use the
same kernel. They differ in the add-on software provided, GUI,
install process, price, documentation and technical support
13 reasons why Linux should be on your
desktop
40








Cost
Resources
Performance
No bloatware
Security
Dual booting
Installation
Reinstalling the OS





Keeping track of software
Updating software
More security
No need to defrag disks
A wealth of built-in utilities
Kim Brebach
a consultant with an
Australian technology
marketing group
Source: “13 reasons why Linux should be on your desktop”, by Kim Brebach,
http://www.desktoplinux.com/articles/AT5836989728.html, Viewed on March 20, 2008.
Can you make money from Linux?
41
YES!!! …. Because
“Linux is available for free, by download. It can be
sold for profit as long as the seller adheres to
certain criteria. A vendor may make modifications to
the OS, as long as the source code is freely
available. That means there is a bit of revenue to be
made selling the commercial packages from
companies like Red Hat or Caldera” Lynn Greiner;
Computer Dealer News. Willowdale
Source:” Computer Dealer News “, Lynn Greiner ,
http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=45047075&sid=6&Fmt=3&clientId=45249&RQT=309&VName=PQD, Viewed on April 2, 2008.
LINUX vs. WINDOWS
42

Windows dominates in the desktops and personal
computer markets with about 90% of the desktop market
share, and in 2007 accounted for about 66% of all
servers sold

In server revenue market share (2007Q4) Windows
achieved 36.3% and Linux achieved 12.7%. As of
November 2007, Linux powered 85% of the world's most
powerful supercomputers.

In February 2008, Linux powered five of the ten most
reliable internet hosting companies
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Windows_and_Linux , Viewed on April, 10, 2008
LINUX vs. WINDOWS
43
Linux
Windows
Serve
desktop and server
Desktop and server
Customize
yes
no
Cost
very cheap or free
expensive
Getting
Buy online, but not at major retailers
easy
Virus and
spyware
few
many
Supported
advanced users and developers over Microsoft Developer
online forums,
Network
Security
so many people that bugs are
detected
only company
programmers can fix
bugs
Multiple Users
yes
no
Source: http://www.desktoplinux.com/news/NS9088528047.html , Viewed on March 3, 2008.
Why Wal-Mart will not have Linux
desktops on its store shelves ?
44

On March 10, Wal-Mart spokesperson Melissa O'Brien
told the Associated Press that Wal-Mart had decided not
to restock its in-store gOS Linux powered Everex Green
gPC TC2502."This really wasn't what our customers
were looking for," O'Brien said
Source: http://www.desktoplinux.com/news/NS9088528047.html , Viewed on March 3, 2008.
Why Windows wins and Linux loses ?
45




The installed base
PC vendor support
Hardware vendor support
Software support
Source: “Why Windows wins and Linux loses”, Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols,
http://www.desktoplinux.com/news/NS6087894103.html , Viewed on April 3, 2008.
Java Language and Platforms
46



Language release in 1995 based on C and
C++
Most JAVA technologies available free under
the GNU General Public License
Promised WORA Write Once, Run Anywhere
Source: ALL THE FIXINGS, Jonathan Erickson, Dr. Dobb’s Journal; Aug 2006; 31, 8; ABI/IFORM Trade & Industry Page 6
How JAVA works!
47
Source: http://www.media-art-online.org/java/help/how-it-works.html
The JAVA Family
48

SE (Standard Edition)


EE (Enterprise Edition)


Applets, Threads, Networking, RMI, Servlets, JDBC, JFC Swing, AWT,
JFC 2D, Java Media API, JavaBeans and more
Adds libraries which provide functionality to deploy fault-tolerant,
distributed, multi-tier Java software, based largely on modular
components running on an application server
ME (Micro Edition)

for small, resource-constrained devices such as cell phones, PDAs and
set-top boxes
Source: Nick Langley. "Mobile developers get to write once, run anywhere. " Computer Weekly 24 Jul 2007: 32. ABI/INFORM Trade &
Industry. ProQuest. ***ABI/INFORM. 23 Apr. 2008 <http://www.proquest.com.ezproxy.umsl.edu/>
Java Uses
49
Source: https://meapplicationdevelopers.dev.java.net/fragmentation.html
Open Source Overview
50

History

Open Source vs. Proprietary

Technical Components

OS Effects on Business Strategy

Best Practices for Open Systems
Sun Microsystems at a glance
51

Employees: 33,350 worldwide.

Press Resources: sun.com/news

Investor Resources: sun.com/investors

Ranking: #187 on the Fortune 500 (2007)

Fiscal Year 2008 Q2 Revenues: $3.615 billion.

Locations: Sun conducts business in more than
100 countries around the globe.
Source: http://www.sun.com/aboutsun/company/index.jsp
Sun Microsystems Strategy
52

According to Barton George,
(the group manager for Sun
Microsystems Inc.'s GNU/Linux strategy)

Open Source is inevitable

Sun will lead the way

NetBeans, OpenOffice, MySQL and Glassfish

If it’s not open source now it soon will be

Q: How does Sun plan to make any money from Java?

A: We don't make money from Java, the language. We make money doing things
with, and that support the language. It's the same as a writer who makes money
writing in English, but not by owning English. We have Java Enterprise System, Java
Desktop System, the Solaris OS, workstations, servers, and services that all revolve
around delivering Java Web services.
Source: http://searchenterpriselinux.techtarget.com/news/interview/0,289202,sid39_gci1307014,00.html#
http://www.sun.com/emrkt/boardroom/newsletter/1104feature.html
53
Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun’s
open-source business strategy

Jonathan Schwartz
The current president and CEO of Sun
Microsystems

Interviewed on August 8, 2007 by
Matt Asay
Source: Asay, Matt. "Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun's Open-Source Business Strategy." 8 Aug. 2007. 25 Feb. 2008
<http://www.news.com/8301-10784_3-9757417-7.html>.
Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun’s
open-source business strategy
54
Q:At what point did he think open source was a capable to
develop and distribute strategy for your company?
A:





The average start-up or corporate developer doesn't want to
buy any software.
Most don't care about the license--they care about the money
Reach them through free distribution over the Net.
3 to 4 million copies of OpenOffice distribute to 100 million
users worldwide every week.
Free users of today are the corporate buyers of tomorrow
Source: Asay, Matt. "Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun's Open-Source Business Strategy." 8 Aug. 2007. 25 Feb. 2008
<http://www.news.com/8301-10784_3-9757417-7.html>.
Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun’s
open-source business strategy
55
Q: How did he make the shift to open source
go smoothly?
A:





It was no longer a democracy. Leading a company
is about leading and making difficult decisions
There was resistance
There were serious questions
Convince that it would improve, not degrade, security,
performance, etc.
The result has been fantastic.
Source: Asay, Matt. "Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun's Open-Source Business Strategy." 8 Aug. 2007. 25 Feb. 2008
<http://www.news.com/8301-10784_3-9757417-7.html>.
Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun’s
open-source business strategy
56
Q: What do you hope to gain from contributions to
communities like OpenOffice?
A:




Only 4,000 quota-bearing salespeople
Beat competitors by leveraging the single-biggest sales
channel that is the Internet
Many Brazilian sees Sun’s logo everyday on OpenOffice,
which their government or they downloaded for free.
Customers find Sun.
“When I see Sun's free software downloads in Western China or Siberia,
where we have no sales presence at all, I have to ask how my competitors
are going to survive when no one knows about them.”
Source: Asay, Matt. "Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun's Open-Source Business Strategy." 8 Aug. 2007. 25 Feb. 2008
<http://www.news.com/8301-10784_3-9757417-7.html>.
Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun’s
open-source business strategy
57
Q: What advice would you give to the CEOs of
proprietary software companies?
1. Revenue is a lagging indicator of developer
adoption
2.Align your sales force's compensation to fit
your model
3.Understand the demographics of your market
Source: Asay, Matt. "Q&A: Jonathan Schwartz on Sun's Open-Source Business Strategy." 8 Aug. 2007. 25 Feb. 2008
<http://www.news.com/8301-10784_3-9757417-7.html>.
WHAT CIO’S SAY ABOUT OPEN SOURCE?
58
“It didn’t matter what OS the new system used. What mattered was having
a simple user interface, the ability to integrate with multiple system inside
KB Toys and the flexibility to modify the systems without relying on a
vendor to do the job. The only registers that and all of that used Linux”
Tom Jeffery – Vice president IT for KB Toys
Leading the push…” We will guarantee the same service-level
agreements for Linux that we do for proprietary OS’s,” …”Response
times, Fix times, Uptime? We’ll sign all those same contracts for Linux.”
Dan Frye – Director of IBM’s Linux
Source: HTTP://WWW.CIO.COM/ARTICLE/31768 OPEN SOURCE- YOUR PLAN VIEWED 3/5/2008
E-TRADE
59
Josh Levine, first started shopping around in
1998 could he recalls having pun pitting Sun
against other Unix vendors like IBM and HP
E-Trade decided to go with 60 Sun boxes at
$240,000 a pop and a $25,000 yearly
maintenance fee on each …”the fun and Levine
leverage was gone”,…Levine speaking on Unix
vendors says..”All there strategies are based on
proprietary operating systems. Once you buy the
hardware, you can’t move.”)
Total cost for Sun boxes
Total yearly maintenance fee
$14,400,000
$1,500,000
Source: HTTP://WWW.CIO.COM/ARTICLE/31768 OPEN SOURCE- YOUR PLAN VIEWED 3/5/2008
E-TRADE
60
What Levine did?
He replaced those 60 sun boxes with 80 $4,000 Intel
servers (They already owned Linux which was the
operating system used. Since Linux was based on Unix
support, people easily made the transition).
Total cost of 80 replacement boxes
Total maintenance cost
$320,000
$0
Source: HTTP://WWW.CIO.COM/ARTICLE/31768 OPEN SOURCE- YOUR PLAN VIEWED 3/5/2008
Case Study:
Rockin’ on without Microsoft
61



Sterling Ball CEO of ErnieBall
World’s leading maker of guitar strings
Product endorsed by:Artist ranging from Eric
Clapton to Metallica
Source:Becker, David. "Rockin' on Without Microsoft." 20 Aug. 2003. 27 Feb. 2008 <http://www.news.com/2008-1082_3-5065859.html>.
62
Case Study:
Rockin’ on without Microsoft




In 2000, Business Software Alliance conducted
audit on the Ball Company
Found 6 of 72 machines with unlicensed
copies of programs
Ball company settled $65,000, plus $35,000 in
legal fees
Company made evening news
Source: Becker, David. "Rockin' on Without Microsoft." 20 Aug. 2003. 27 Feb. 2008 <http://www.news.com/2008-1082_3-5065859.html>.
63
Case Study:
Rockin’ on without Microsoft



Ball got rid of Microsoft products
Ball IT crew cut the Ball comp. over to open
source software Red Hat’s version of Linux, the
OpenOffice office suite, and Mozilla’s web
browser
Claims he saved $80,000 right away with going
to open source
Source: Becker, David. "Rockin' on Without Microsoft." 20 Aug. 2003. 27 Feb. 2008 <http://www.news.com/2008-1082_3-5065859.html>.
Microsoft’s & IBM’s Strategy
64
&
Microsoft Open Source Strategy
65


“The Microsoft open source strategy is focused on
helping customers and partners be successful in
today’s heterogeneous technology world.” quoted
from Microsoft Open Source Web site.
Microsoft is signing technology agreements with
other companies, Novell, BEA, Sun, XenSource,
etc. because it wants to help their customers who
are struggling with running open-source software
alongside Microsoft software.
Source: http://blogs.zdnet.com/microsoft/?p=1142, Viewed on April 2, 2008.
66

Microsoft wants to encourage the coexistence of 2 software
stacks
1. Microsoft Windows stack (Windows, Internet Information Services, SQL Server, .Net)
2. Linux free/Windows-centric LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) stack.
Source: http://blogs.zdnet.com/microsoft/?p=1142, Viewed on April 2, 2008.
Microsoft Open Source Strategy
67

Microsoft hires Open Source guy, Bill Hilf

Hilf is appointed to General Manager of
window server marketing & Platform
strategy

One of Hilf’s core issues is defining
Microsoft’s role in open source
Source: http://blogs.zdnet.com/microsoft/?p=1142
Microsoft Open Source Challenges
68
How to cooperate w/ OS initiatives and find value for
Microsoft in that participation
How to be in alliance with OS initiatives and at the same
time compete against other proponents of OS such as
Red Hat Linux systems and the software that goes in
their boxes
Understanding of how OS software from OS community
developers will happen on their platform and the System
of Accountability that will go along with that- Bill Hilf
Source: http://blogs.zdnet.com/microsoft/?p=1142, viewed 3\7\2008
Why Open Source for Microsoft?
69


Reports from Microsoft’s
Global Managers
indicate that some of
Microsoft’s biggest
customers have ties to
the OS software
Increase interoperability
between MS programs
and some of the OS
technologies
Source: http://blogs.zdnet.com/microsoft/?p=1142 viewed 3\7\2008
IBM Open Source strategy
70
2 strategies for profiting from open source, from Linux:
1. “OSS is by some measures less expensive than proprietary
software, so using it lowers the overall cost a customer pays for
IBM’s computers, applications, and services.
2. OSS provides a common platform on top of which IBM can build and
sell special applications and services.”

IBM’s business model now focuses on selling high end
hardware, proprietary software running on top of Linux,
and integration and other customized services to
enterprise customers.
Source: http://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~pam/papers/CACM%20IBM%20open%20source.pdf
71
University of Detroit Jesuit High
School and Academy




Approximately 100 older computers in need of upgrades
Problem: To upgrade the computers software to Office 2000
they would have to upgrade the hardware
Solution: Use Linux and OpenOffice on all old computers and
continue using pre-loaded Microsoft software (Windows XP
and office 2003) on the newer computers
Details:





110 old computers
158 new computers
Used (LTSP) Linux Terminal Server Project
Purchased Linux servers to support LTSP clients but no pc
replacements
$21,000 to implement Linux/Openoffice option (more than $100,000
savings from Microsoft Plan)
Source: http://www.linux.com/articles/45028
Open Source Overview
72

History

Open Source vs. Proprietary

Technical Components

OS Effects on Business Strategy

Best Practices for Open Systems
Best Practices for Open Systems
73

Get an understanding of the OS Technologies available

Chose OS Tech. that best fits your business goals

Understand Specific Licenses

Research how you will support OS tech. and total cost of
ownership

Cost Reduction but keep in mind the long-term cost
Questions!
74
Citations
75
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ALL THE FIXINGS, Jonathan Erickson, Dr. Dobb’s Journal; Aug 2006; 31, 8; ABI/IFORM Trade & Industry Page 6
2.
Economic Impact of open source software on innovation and the competitiveness of information and communication
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3.
Open Source: Open for Business. Computer Sciences Corporation. 2004. 22.
<http://www.csc.com/features/2004/uploads/LEF_OPENSOURCE.pdf
4.
"The Dark Side of Open Sauce" Leslie Kramer, Wall Street & Technology; Apr 2006 pg. 43
5.
McKendrick, Joe. "Open Source in the Enterprise: New Software Disrupts the Technology Stack." (2007). 10 Mar. 2008
<http://www.ioug.org/IOUG_Open_Source_07.pdf>.
6.
"The Dark Side of Open Sauce" Leslie Kramer, Wall Street & Technology; Apr 2006 pg. 43
7.
McKendrick, Joe. "Open Source in the Enterprise: New Software Disrupts the Technology Stack." (2007). 10 Mar. 2008
<http://www.ioug.org/IOUG_Open_Source_07.pdf>.
8.
Nick Langley. "Mobile developers get to write once, run anywhere. " Computer Weekly 24 Jul 2007: 32. ABI/INFORM
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14.
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