PX269 Galaxies 7.5 CATs; ~18 lectures; follows from PX268 Stars Dr Peter Wheatley p.j.wheatley@warwick.ac.uk Office: PS009 PX269 Galaxies Books PX269 Galaxies Books II PX269 Galaxies Books III PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies Wei-Hao Wang University of Hawaii Galileo Galilei PX269 Galaxies 1609 PX269 Galaxies Galileo’s sketch Cassini probe Europa PX269 Galaxies Io Ganymede Callisto Kurt Friedrich SIDEREAL MESSENGER unfolding great and very wonderful sights and displaying to the gaze of everyone, but especially philosophers and astronomers, the things that were observed by GALILEO GALILEI, Florentine patrician and public mathematician of the University of Padua, with the help of a spyglass lately devised by him, about the face of the Moon, countless fixed stars, the Milky Way, nebulous stars, but especially about four planets flying around the star of Jupiter at unequal intervals and periods with wonderful swiftness; which, unknown by anyone until this day, the first author detected recently and decided to name MEDICEAN STARS The Starry Messenger, Galileo Galilei 1610 Milky Way PX269 Galaxies Wei-Hao Wang University of Hawaii Wei-Hao Wang University of Hawaii PX269 Galaxies 1750s Thomas Wright Immanuel Kant PX269 Galaxies Rich Townsend, UCL Wei-Hao Wang University of Hawaii PX269 Galaxies Charles Messier PX269 Galaxies Andromeda Galaxy = M31 = NGC 224 Magnitude Log Period [d] Henrietta Swan Leavitt PX269 Galaxies 100-inch Mt Wilson telescope Edwin Hubble PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies Hubble Deep Field 1,000,000 sec exposure Seeing 100 billion times fainter than human eye… …and half way back to the beginning of time. PX269 Galaxies M87 an elliptical galaxy CFHT NGC 2768 An elliptical galaxy PX269 Galaxies M 51 the Whirlpool Galaxy NGC 1300 a barred spiral galaxy Dust extinction in the Sombrero Galaxy = M 104 NGC 1427A a dwarf irregular galaxy M 51 the Whirlpool Galaxy PX269 Galaxies Wei-Hao Wang University of Hawaii Herschel, 1785 Globular cluster 47 Tuc, 2MASS PX269 Galaxies Extinction in plane of Milky Way PX269 Galaxies Wei-Hao Wang University of Hawaii NGC 891, showing extinction Adam Block PX269 Galaxies NGC 6744, Milky Way-like galaxy Capella Observatory PX269 Galaxies NGC 6744, HI, Ryder et al 1999 M 51 the Whirlpool Galaxy HII regions Mike Fleenor PX269 Galaxies NGC 6744, HI, Ryder et al 1999 21cm map of Milky Way PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies Molecular clouds Interstellar reddening PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies Pleiades open cluster Philip Perkins NGC 891 CFHT PX269 Galaxies Optical Infra-red 2MASS PX269 Galaxies Wei-Hao Wang University of Hawaii COBE/DIRBE near infrared image of whole sky PX269 Galaxies Galactic co-ordinates PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies HI map of whole sky 21 cm line profile along one line of sight PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies Rotation curve of Milky Way PX269 Galaxies PX269 Galaxies First detection of a gravitational microlensing event Alcock et al 1993 PX269 Galaxies Discovery of a 5 Earth mass planet Beaulieu et al 2006 PX269 Galaxies