The Road to
Revolution
Salutary Neglect
British Mercantilism
British Economic
Policies in the Colonies
Use your knowledge of the 13 colonies to answer
the following questions for both photographs
pictured below.What regions are they located in?
Describe the geography of each photo and address
the type of economy each region would have?
1
2
Which Region are they located?
1.
2.
3.
#1 Southern,
#2 New England
#1 New
England, #2
Middle
#1 and 2 In
New England
0%
1
2
3
Salutary Neglect
British have left the
colonies alone
 British try to enforce
laws and taxes after the
French and Indian War
without the consent of
the colonies
 British do not
understand colonists are
used to representative
government

Colonies have formed
own governments
 Colonist are used to
managing their own
affairs with their
elected representatives
 “Taxation without
representation”,
colonist want to have a
say in government
through elected reps.

British Mercantilism
 System
were England controls colonial trade
and taxes
– Colonies provided raw materials for Britain
– If colonies received imports the goods had to
arrive on British Ships
– Certain colonial goods were sold only to England,
but not to other countries
– Colonies were to serve as a market for English
manufactured goods
Who benefits the most from
Mercantilism?
71%
1.
0%
2.
19%
3.
10%
4.
Mother Country
Everybody
Only England
The Small Colonies
Navigation Acts 1650-1763
Restricted colonial trade,
manufacturing and shipping
to other countries
 Colonists smuggle and
disregard Acts
 Salutary Neglect: Britain has
allowed the colonies to
prosper under their
protection with little or no
control

The Proclamation Line of 1763
Colonist felt that England
was attempting to control
them
 England wants to avoid
Indian trouble
 Colonies were angered
over idea that they must
pay for cost of war and
British troops now

Could the U.S. be successful
without Taxes?
1.
2.
Yes
No
86%
14%
1
2
Sugar Act 1764
Tax placed on sugar and
molasses because
colonists are British
subjects
 Colonist protest and
smuggle sugar and
molasses

Should England be allowed to
tax goods on the Colonies?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
48%
19%
19%
14%
1
2
3
4
Would you feed and give a
soldier/veteran a place to sleep in your
Home?
1.
2.
Yes
No
90%
10%
1
2
Quartering Act 1765
Required colonies to
provide British troops
with quarters and
supplies
 Colonial assemblies
vote to refuse to supply
British soldiers

Which is the main problem the colonist
have with the New Taxes?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Too High
Too Much
control of their
lives
No
representation
Unfair to certain
people/business
.
14%
23%
14%
50%
1
2
3
4
Stamp Act 1765
Any item that was made
of paper required a
stamped tax payment to
be made
 Colonists argue
“taxation with
representation”, Stamp
Act is repealed

What Was The Stamp
Act?
Taxed all legal,
commercial and printed
documents, as well as
other printed material.
Items would be
stamped when the tax
was paid.
First direct tax placed
on the colonies.
Actual Stamps
There were a variety of
stamps used.
Stamps were put on
newspapers, customs
documents, licenses,
college diplomas, and
most legal documents.
Offenders were to be
tried in vice-admiralty
courts without a jury.
Reactions by Colonists
The colonists boycotted
British goods and
stores that sold them,
lawyers or printers who
used stamps or
stamped paper.
Many lawyers and
printers refused to use
stamps or stamped
paper.
More Reactions
In Massachusetts,
rioters destroyed
Andrew Oliver’s
house, a new stamp
commissioner. He
quit the next day!
There was also
violence sparked by
the Sons Of Liberty.
More Reactions
There were even
threats of tar and
feathering.
On November 1, 1765,
the day the Stamp Act
was to officially go into
effect, there wasn’t a
stamp commissioner
left in the colonies to
collect the tax.
In Boston, a mob hung
and then beheaded an
effigy and “stamped” it
into pieces.
In New York, rioters
ransacked a British
officer’s house. The
officer had said he
“would cram the stamps
down American throats
at the point of his
sword!”
“Taxation without
Representation”
Colonies had no
representation in
Parliament.
Because of this they felt
that they had no say in
whether or not this act
should be passed.
Many legislators felt the
colonists were being
taxed unfairly - more
than England itself.
Repeal
Stamp Act ended on
March. 18, 1766.
Parliament passed
the Declaratory Act
to keep England on
top.
Importance in American
History
United for a common cause, this response
paved the way for the American Revolution.
Set a pattern of colonial defiance.
Mutual distrust had been established.
Many young “patriots” began to take on
leadership roles including, Patrick Henry,
William Pitt, John Adams, and Samuel
Adams.
Philosophical differences remained on both
sides.
Tar and Feathering
The Townshend Act, 1767
• In 1767 Parliament tried a third tax on paper,
glass, lead, painters’ colors, and tea
• Charles Townshend was the British financial
official who sponsored this act
• One again the colonists proclaimed, “No taxation
without representation!”
• The colonist boycotted, refused to buy, anything
from Britain
• The boycott worked – the only tax was left on
tea
Townshend Acts 1767
• In 1767 Parliament tried a
third tax on paper, glass,
lead, painters’ colors, and
tea
• Charles Townshend was
the British financial
official who sponsored
this act
• One again the colonists
proclaimed, “No taxation
without representation!”
• The colonist boycotted,
refused to buy, anything
from Britain
• The boycott worked – the
only tax was left on tea
Everything you buy has a tax on
it except for food? Is this fair?
1.
2.
Yes
No
0%
1
2
The Boston Massacre, 1770
• Because they were worried by the
colonists’ anger, in 1768 Parliament sent
about 4,000 soldiers to Boston
• On March 5, 1770 a group of about 100
Bostonians threw rocks and snowballs at
the soldiers
• Crispus Attucks, a black leader, and 4
other colonists were killed
The Boston Massacre (March 5,1770)
Tea Act 1773
Tax on tea, it is a plan
to bail out East India
Tea company through
tax on tea
 Boston Tea Party and
smuggling of tea

Tea Act (1773)
8 British East India Co.:
 Monopoly on Br. tea
imports.
 Many members of
Parl. held shares.
 Permitted the Co. to
sell tea directly to
cols. without col.
middlemen
(cheaper tea!)
8 North expected the
cols. to eagerly choose
the cheaper tea.
Boston Tea Party (1773)
The Coercive or Intolerable
Acts (1774)
1. Port Bill
2. Government Act
3. New Quartering
Act
Lord North
4. Administration of
Justice Act
Coercive Act 1, 1774
Angered by the Boston Tea Party, Great
Britain’s Parliament passed four measures
to punish the American colonists
• The Boston Port Bill stated that Boston
Harbor would be closed until the colonists
paid for the destroyed tea
Coercive Acts 2 & 3, 1774
• The Administration of Justice Act said
British soldiers committing crimes in the
colonies, even murder, could not be tried
in the American colonies
• The Quebec Act moved all the American
colonies between the Ohio and Mississippi
Rivers to Canadian control
Coercive Acts 4 & %, 1774
• The Massachusetts Government Act put
Massachusetts under the control of a
British officer, General Thomas Gage, and
permitted no town meetings without his
approval
• An addition to the Quartering Act of 1765
stated that British troops could now
occupy the homes of American colonists
without the permission of the owner
Intolerable Acts 1774
Response to Tea Party,
assembly and town
meetings dissolved, port
of Boston closed,and
British tried in England
 Militias form, colonies
send representatives to
1st Continental
Congress meets and
starts colonial boycott

Quebec Act 1774
Prohibited colonists
from moving into Ohio
River Valley, Catholic
religion in region
 Colonists expected to
settle into the region

First Continental Congress (1774)
55 delegates from 12 colonies
Agenda  How to
respond to the
Coercive Acts &
the Quebec Act?
1 vote per colony
represented.
The British Are Coming . . .
Paul Revere & William Dawes make their
midnight ride to warn the Minutemen of
approaching British soldiers.
Monarchy vs. Representative
Government
In a monarchy the
governing power lies
with a king and those
that he appoints to
office
 Parliament was the
lawmaking body in
England

Citizens elect their own
representatives who will
represent them in
government
 People create their
government and have
the right to make
changes when they see
fit (laws, elections)
