UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
CRS Standards
LEARNING GOALS
Unit 6 – MiniUnits: Acids/Bases, Oxidation/Reduction, & Thermodynamics
5a. Analyze and explain acid/base reactions. (DOK 2)

Properties of acids and bases, including how they affect indicators and the relative pH of the solution

Formation of acidic and basic solutions

Definition of pH in terms of the hydronium ion concentration and the hydroxide ion concentration

The pH or pOH from the hydrogen ion or hydroxide ion concentrations of solution

How a buffer works and examples of buffer solutions
5b. Classify species in aqueous solutions according to the Arrhenius and
 Bronsted-Lowry definitions, respectively and predict products for aqueous neutralization reactions. (DOK 2)
4a.
Explain the thermodynamics associated with physical and chemical concepts related to temperature, entropy, enth
energy. (DOK 2)

Specific heat as it relates to the conservation of energy

Amount of heat absorbed or released in a process, given mass, specific heat, and temperature change

Energy (in calories and joules) required to change the state of a sample of a given substance, using its mass
vaporization or heat of fusion.

Endothermic or exothermic changes
5c. Analyze a reduction/oxidation reaction (REDOX) to assign oxidation numbers (states) to reaction species and identify the
and reduced, the oxidizing agent, and reducing agent. (DOK 2)
Interpretation of Data
None
Scientific Investigation
None
Evaluation of Models, Inferences, and Experimental Results

Select a simple hypothesis, prediction, or conclusion that is supported by two or more data
or modles

Determine whether given information supports or contradicts a simple hypothesis or concl

Identify strengths weaknesses in one or more models

Identify similarities and differences between models

Determine which model(s) is(are) supported or weakened by new information

Select a data presentation or a model that supports or contradicts a hypothesis, prediction,
Unit 6: Essential Questions
1) How does Chemistry relate to the real
world?
Revised: December 31, 2011
Unit 6: Big Ides
1) Real world application
UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
Day 1 – Bronsted&Arrhenius (90min)
Essential Questions
1) Why does skin burn from acid?
Key Points
Knowledge
1. Bronsted Acids are H+ donors and bases are H+ a
2. Arrhenius: Acids are H+ donors and bases are OH
Big Ideas
1) real world application
Skills
Objectives
SWBAT identify Bronsted and Arrhenius acid
and bases (DOK2)
New CRS: Identify strengths weaknesses in one
or more models
1. Identify the acid and base in a Bronsted acid-base re
1) Find a match in the reaction
2) Determine if the molecule in the reactants gaine
3) Draw an arrow of where the H goes in the reacti
4) The acid loses and the base gains the H+
2. Identify the acid and base in an Arrhenius acid-base
1) Determine if the reaction is Arrhenius (has H2O i
2) The reactant with the -OH is the base
3) The reactant with the H+ is the acid
3. Predict the products of an Arrhenius acid-base react
1) Put H2O in the reactants
2) Cross out the H and the OH in the reactants
3) Combine the remaining ions of the reactants to c
Day 2 – Properties (45min)
Essential Questions
1) Are household products acidic or basic?
Big Ideas
1) real world application
Objectives
SWBAT name properties of acids and bases
(DOK1)
New CRS: Identify similarities and differences
between models
Key Points
Knowledge
1. Acids have a sour taste. Bases have a bitter tast
2. Indicators turn a substance a color indicating w
acid or a base
3. Cabbage juice is an indicator and turns acids red
green
4. The pH of a substance + the pOH of a substance
Skills
1. Interpreting Solubility Curves
1) Mark the point on the line that is the grams an
of the solution
2) Determine if the point is over, under, or on th
solute
3) If it is over = supersaturated; on = saturated;
unsaturated
Day 3 – Concentration (90min)
Revised: December 31, 2011
UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
Essential Questions
1) What’s the difference between rain and acid
rain?
Big Ideas
1) real world application
Objectives
SWBAT describe how pH and pOH change with
concentration changes (DOK3)
Key Points
Knowledge
1. Sometimes you have extra H= or OH- which makes
and basic.
2. Concentration: the amount of solute in a solvent
3. pH measures the concentration of H= in a water.
4. pOH measures the concentration of OH- in water.
5. If you have a pH of X, then you have a concentrati
6. For every time you increase or decrease the pH by
or decrease the concentration of the solution by a
New CRS: Determine which model(s) is(are)
supported or weakened by new information
Day 4 – Titration (90min)
Essential Questions
1) How do you neutralize a pool?
Big Ideas
1) real world application
Objectives
SWBAT perform a titration. (DOK2)
CRS: none
Key Points
Knowledge
1. To represent the concentration or molarity of a su
around the substance. E.g., the concentration of H
represented as [H+].
2. A solution with equal H= and OH- is neutral.
3. A titration is an experiment where one creates a s
equal moles of H+ atoms and OH- atoms.
Titration in a Lab
A. Put indicator in your solution to see if the solution
basic.
B. Slowly add a base or acid until the indicator tells it
turning green.
4. To read a Buret look at the bottom of the miniscu
5. To determine the amount of a solution added sub
reading from the final reading.
6. Because you trying to make the concentrations an
to each other use the equation M1V1=M2V2
Skills
1. For any titration problem
1) Find your variables
2) Use the equation M1V1=M2V2
3) Multiply any concentration in the equation by t
to make the solution neutral
4) Plug and Chug
Day 5 – Oxidation & Reduction (90min)
Revised: December 31, 2011
UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
Essential Questions
1) How is fire made?
Key Points
Knowledge
1. If an element gains an electron then it goes throug
Big Ideas
1) real world application
2.
3.
4.
5.
Objectives
SWBAT write half-reactions. (DOK2)
If an element loses and electron then it goes throu
OIL – oxidation is loss
RIG – reduction is gain
To measure electrical current use voltage (V)
6. During chemical reactions energy is always
released
7. Endothermic Reactions – energy is used to
8. Exothermic Reactions – energy is released
bonds
CRS: none
Skills
1. Writing electrons in equations
Think of half reactions as money (electrons) in an Easte
1) If you gain an electron the money is outside the egg at
inside.
Egg  $1  Egg -1
2) If you lose an electron, the money is in the egg at first
outside

Egg  Egg +1  $1
Day 6 – Voltaic Cells(90min)
Essential Questions
1) How does a battery work?
Big Ideas
1) real world application
Objectives
SWBAT solve the final charge of two voltaic cells
(DOK2)
New CRS: Select a data presentation or a model
that supports or contradicts a hypothesis,
prediction, or conclusion.
Revised: December 31, 2011
Knowledge
none
Key Points
Skills
1. Determine the voltage of two chemical cells
Goal: Make sure the number of electrons on each side of
balanced.
1) If you need to flip an equation, invert the charge (
goes to negative)
2) If you need to multiply a side, multiply the entire
the number.
DO NOT MULTIPLY THE VOLTAGE
3) Cancel out the electrons and drop the remaining e
final reaction.
4) Add the final voltage together
Hint: YOU CANNOT HAVE A NEGATIVE VOLTAGE!
UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
Day 7 – Oxidation States (90min)
Essential Questions
1) Who is the sea monster GHOG?
Key Points
Knowledge
none
Big Ideas
1) real world application
Skills
Objectives
SWBAT determine oxidation state of atoms.
(DOK3)
2. Tracking electrons in an equation (oxidation states)
1) If an element is by itself, its charge is zero.
2) If there is a polyatomic ion, the charge will be g
3)
+1 G: Group 1 (Na, Li, K, etc.)
+1 H: Hydrogen
CRS: none
-2 O: Oxygen
-1 G: Group 7 (F, Cl, Br, etc.)
Hint: Make sure the charges of each molecule i
to see how an atom changes only look at on
Day 8 – Thermodynamics (90min)
Essential Questions
1) How can you calculate how much heat you
need to melt or vaporize a substance?
Big Ideas
1) real world application
Objectives
SWBAT calculate heat changes in substances
(DOK2)
CRS: Select a simple hypothesis, prediction, or
conclusion that is supported by two or more
data presentations or modles
Revised: December 31, 2011
Key Points
Knowledge
1.
2.
3.
4.
The unit for energy is J and the variable is jo
The Δ represents change.
There is always an initial state and a final st
Heat of fusion (ΔHfus) is the amount of heat
convert between a solid and a liquid
5. Heat of vaporization (ΔHvap) is the amount o
takes to convert between a liquid and a gas
6. To measure how much heat is required to v
a substance use
q=mΔHfus or q=mΔHvap
Skills
1. Predict the outcome of a change at equilibrium
1) Create a mound (extra) or hole (loss) for your
2) If a substance is removed, the reaction will sh
removed substance
If a substance is added, the reaction will shift away fr
substance
UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
Day 9 – Specific Heat (90min)
Essential Questions
3) Why can some things melt at a lower
temperature?
Knowledge
1. Calorie: The amount of heat (q) needed to raise
1o degrees Celsius.
2.
Big Ideas
3) Overlapping science
Objectives
SWBAT calculate specific heat (DOK2)
CRS: none
Key Points
The variable to represent specific heat capacity is c.
3. ∆T = Ti - Tf
4. Specific Heat Formula: q=mc∆T
Skills
1. Solve word problems involving specific heat
1) Circle variables
2) Create variable list
3) Write the equation
4) Solve for the missing variable
5) Plug and chug
Day 10 –Unit Review (90min)
Day 11 – Unit Assessment and Lab (90min)
Unit Essential Question Sample Answers
The last unit is a sampling of extra Chemistry topics, and essential questions are all
application based to increase investment/interest in Chemistry beyond Chemistry 1.
Complete List of Key Points for Unit 5: Solutions and Gases
Knowledge
1. Bronsted Acids are H+ donors and bases are H+ acceptors.
2. Arrhenius: Acids are H+ donors and bases are OH- donors.
3. Acid base neutralization is a double replacement reaction.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Acid base neutralizations always create H2O and a salt
Acids have a sour taste. Bases have a bitter taste.
Indicators turn a substance a color indicating whether it is an acid or a base
Cabbage juice is an indicator and turns acids red and bases green
The pH of a substance + the pOH of a substance equals 14
Revised: December 31, 2011
UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
Sometimes you have extra H= or OH- which makes a solution acidic and basic.
Concentration: the amount of solute in a solvent
pH measures the concentration of H= in a water.
pOH measures the concentration of OH- in water.
If you have a pH of X, then you have a concentration of 1 x 10-x
For every time you increase or decrease the pH by 1 you increase or decrease the
concentration of the solution by a factor of x10
15. To represent the concentration or molarity of a substance put _____________ around
the substance. E.g., the concentration of H+ ions can be represented as [H+].
16. A solution with equal H= and OH- is neutral.
17. A titration is an experiment where one creates a solution with equal moles of H+ atoms
and OH- atoms.
Titration in a Lab
C. Put indicator in your solution to see if the solution is acidic or basic.
D. Slowly add a base or acid until the indicator tells its neutral by turning green.
18. To read a Buret look at the bottom of the miniscus
19. To determine the amount of a solution added subtract the initial reading from the final
reading.
20. Because you trying to make the concentrations and volumes equal to each other use the
equation M1V1=M2V2
21. If an element gains an electron then it goes through reduction
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
22.
23.
24.
25.
If an element loses and electron then it goes through oxidation
OIL – oxidation is loss
RIG – reduction is gain
To measure electrical current use voltage (V)
26. During chemical reactions energy is always used or released
27. Endothermic Reactions – energy is used to break bonds
28. Exothermic Reactions – energy is released to create new bonds
29. The unit for energy is J and the variable is joules
30. The Δ represents change.
31. There is always an initial state and a final state.
32. Heat of fusion (ΔHfus) is the amount of heat to it takes to convert between a
solid and a liquid
33. Heat of vaporization (ΔHvap) is the amount of heat to it takes to convert
between a liquid and a gas
34. To measure how much heat is required to vaporize or fuse a substance use
q=mΔHfus or q=mΔHvap
35.
36.
37.
38.
Calorie: The amount of heat (q) needed to raise a substance by 1o degrees Celsius.
The variable to represent specific heat capacity is c.
∆T = Ti - Tf
Specific Heat Formula: q=mc∆T
Skills
1. Identify the acid and base in a Bronsted acid-base reaction
1) Find a match in the reaction
2) Determine if the molecule in the reactants gained or lost an H
Revised: December 31, 2011
UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
3) Draw an arrow of where the H goes in the reaction
4) The acid loses and the base gains the H+
2. Identify the acid and base in an Arrhenius acid-base reaction
1) Determine if the reaction is Arrhenius (has H2O in products)
2) The reactant with the -OH is the base
3) The reactant with the H+ is the acid
3. Predict the products of an Arrhenius acid-base reaction
1) Put H2O in the reactants
2) Cross out the H and the OH in the reactants
3) Combine the remaining ions of the reactants to create the salt
4. For any titration problem
1) Find your variables
2) Use the equation M1V1=M2V2
3) Multiply any concentration in the equation by the moles needed to make the solution
neutral
4) Plug and Chug
5. Writing electrons in equations
Think of half reactions as money (electrons) in an Easter egg (atom).
3) If you gain an electron the money is outside the egg at first, then goes inside.
Egg  $1  Egg -1
4) If you lose an electron, the money is in the egg at first, the goes outside
Egg  Egg +1  $1

6. Determine the voltage of two chemical cells
Goal: Make sure the number of electrons on each side of the equation is balanced.
 equation, invert the charge (e.g., positive goes to negative)
5) If you need to flip an
6) If you need to multiply a side, multiply the entire half reaction by the number.
DO NOT MULTIPLY THE VOLTAGE
7) Cancel out the electrons and drop the remaining elements in the final reaction.
8) Add the final voltage together
Hint: YOU CANNOT HAVE A NEGATIVE VOLTAGE!
7. Tracking electrons in an equation (oxidation states)
1) If an element is by itself, its charge is zero.
2) If there is a polyatomic ion, the charge will be given.
3)
+1 G: Group 1 (Na, Li, K, etc.)
+1 H: Hydrogen
-2 O: Oxygen
-1 G: Group 7 (F, Cl, Br, etc.)
Hint: Make sure the charges of each molecule is neutral, but to see how an atom
changes only look at one atom
Revised: December 31, 2011
UNIT VISION - CHEMISTRY
Mississippi Delta
8. Solve word problems involving specific heat
1) Circle variables
2) Create variable list
3) Write the equation
4) Solve for the missing variable
5) Plug and chug
Revised: December 31, 2011