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Empires in Western Africa
Mr. Wood
World History 101
Essential Question and Standards
 How did the leaders, trade and technology affect life in
Africa?
 11.10.2- Explain how trade was a source of power and
wealth in the rise and fall of theWest African Kingdoms.
Objective
 Describe how Ghana began as an Empire
 Explain the importance of the Gold-Salt Trade in Ghana
Before we go to West Africa- Let’s go
back to Yale!
 http://oyc.yale.edu/history-art/hsar-252/lecture-2
Readings
 Empire of Ghana- p. 413-5
 Empire of Mali- p. 415-7
 Empire of Songhai- p. 417
What to do today
Today
Tomorrow
Empire of Ghana- p. 413-5
Cornell Notes-
Lecture on Ghana
Begin reading Empire of
Mali- p. 415-7
Ticket Out
 How were gold and salt important to the Ghana empire?
Do Now
 Describe what the Gold-Salt trade was and why it was
important to The Empire of Ghana.
Objective
 Describe how Ghana began and fell as an Empire
 Explain the importance of the Gold-Salt Trade in Ghana
 Describe how Islam’s influence on the Empire of Ghana
 Use and synthesize book and lecture notes into a body
paragraph
What to do today
Yesterday
Empire of Ghana- p. 413-4
Cornell Notes-
Today
Lecture on Empire of Ghana
Begin writing ParagraphEmpire of Ghana
-W/ Book + Lecture Notes
Read and write 2-3 thoughts that stick
out to you about the text
"The King adorns himself … he puts on a high cap
decorated with gold and wrapped in a turban of fine
cotton. He holds an audience in a domed pavilion
around which stand ten horses covered with goldembroidered materials…and on his right, are the
sons of the vassal kings of his country, wearing
splendid garments and their hair plaited with gold.
At the door of the pavilion are dogs of excellent
pedigree. Round their necks they wear collars of gold
and silver, studded with a number of balls of the same
metals.”
10th century geographer Al-Bakri, quoted in Corpus of Early Arabic Sources forWest African History.
Empire of Ghana
5th Century Berber Muslims
cross desert to trade- Gold in West Africa
-Empire of Ghana forms
from trade
- A.D. 800- 1076
• Also trade other goods
-Capital- Kumbi Saleh
Islam Influence and the Fall of Ghana
 Islam spreads with
traders in Ghana
 Capital of Kumbi Saleh
Muslims + Native beliefs
DeclineLost trading monopoly –
new Gold Mines
- Drought
- Almoravid take over??
Ticket out
 How did of Ghana rise and fall?
Do Now
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C
Objective
 Explain the rise and fall of Mali
 Describe the role of the strong leaders Sundiata and Mansa
Musa in Mali
Book Notes- Empire of Mali
 Empire of Mali- p. 415-7
 Cornell Notes
What to do today
Today
Empire of Mali- p. 415-7
Tomorrow
Maybe?? Begin lecture on
Mali
Begin writing Mali
paragraph
Lecture on Mali
Ticket Out
 Who do you think was a better ruler Sundiata or Mansa
Musa?
 Why? Give 2-3 reasons
Do Now
How does Education help a society advance?
Objective
 Explain the rise and fall of Mali
 Describe the role of the strong leaders Sundiata and Mansa
Musa in Mali
 Use and synthesize book and lecture notes into a body
paragraph
What to do today
Today
Lecture on Mali
Begin writing Mali
paragraph
Tomorrow
Reading on Empire of
Songhai, P. 417
Beginning of Lecture on
Songhai
The Rise of the Empire of Mali +
Timbuktu
Mail Rose after Ghana fell
-Emperor Sundiata unites
clans, Brings Islam
- Controls Gold + Salt Trade
Timbuktu becomes focal city
for trade and education
-3 Universities- Book Writing +
Producing
- Timbuktu- like Baghdad on
the silk road city- “Gold road”
Mansa Musa
Brings back strong central
Government to Mali
-Makes many stunning
buildings- many mosques
-- Brought Arab Scholars to
Timbuktu
-Made Pilgrimage to Mecca
-- Gave much gold away
Decline and Fall of Mali
 Declined in the 1400’s
 Weak rulers who followed
Mansa Musa
 Raids by neighboring groups
 By 1500 fell and Songhai
Empire began
http://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=2oag1eE2qMw
- 18:50
Ticket Out
 Give two details about:
 Timbuktu
 Mansa Musa
Do Now
O
P
T
I
C
Objective
 How did the Songhai Empire rise and fall with leaders like
Sunni Ali and Askia Muhammad
 Use and synthesize book and lecture notes into a body
paragraph
What to do today
Yesterday
Empire of Mali p. 415-7work time
Lecture on Mali
Today
Empire of Songhai- p. 417
- Due tomorrow
Lecture on the Songhai
Empire
Sunni Ali and The Songhai Empire
Songhai were ruled by Mali
-Pay taxes + kneeled to
kings
Sunni Ali rises to power
-Uses navy to control river,
army to take the cities
-- Conquers Timbuktu
-- Creates dominant
empire, but very violent
Peak of the Songhai and Their Fall
Askia Muhammad
overthrows Sunni Ali’s son
- Begins golden age of
Songhai Empire
- - Peace and stability –
strong central government
After he dies, + falls
Ticket Out
Four correct answers and we can go!!