Vocabulary Terms—Executive Branch & Executive Branch Bureaucracy
12th Amendment
25th Amendment
Ad hoc structure
Administrative discretion
Advice and consent
Appointment power
Appropriation
Authorization legislation
Bully pulpit
Bureaucracy
Bureaucrat
Cabinet
Central clearance
Chief of staff
Circular structure
Committee clearance
Competitive service
Congressional-executive
agreement
Cycle of decreasing influence
Cycle of increasing effectiveness
Department
Discretionary authority
Divided Government
Entitlement programs
Executive agreement
Executive Office of the President
Executive orders
Executive privilege
Government corporation
Gridlock
Hatch Act
Impeachment
Implementation
Impoundment
Independent agency
Independent regulatory
commission
Indexing
Iron triangle
Kitchen cabinet
Laissez-faire
Legislative veto
Line item veto
Mandate
Merit system
Office of Management and Budget
(OMB)
Office of Personnel Management
(OPM)
Oversight
Pardon
Parliamentary system
Patronage
Permanent campaign
Pocket veto
Policy tsar
Presidential ticket
Pyramid structure
Rally point
Red tape
Regulations
Reprieve
Rule-making process
Senior Executive Service
Spoils system
State of the Union Address
Take Care clause
Treaty
Uncontrollable spending
United Government
Veto
Veto message
War powers resolution
IMPROVE YOUR VOCABULARY AND MAKE CONNECTIONS!!
Consider using one of the following strategies to improve your understanding of the vocabulary terms in this unit and to
create connections to the topics/concepts covered:

Concept Sort – to use this strategy, place words into different categories based on each word's
meaning. Define categories based on your reading and on class discussion. When this strategy is used
after reading, you can self-assess your understanding of the concepts presented.

Frayer Model – this technique requires you to (1) define the target vocabulary words or concepts, and
(2) apply this information by generating examples and non-examples; this strategy promotes critical
thinking and helps you to identify and understand unfamiliar vocabulary; this strategy draws on your
prior knowledge to build connections among new concepts and creates a visual reference by which you
learn to compare attributes and examples.
Definition
Facts
Word/Concept
Examples
Non-examples