Electronic and Printed Tax Services Chapter 6 Computer Tax Services Benefits User indexes, using any significant term Can tailor the inquiry to fit any specific tax problem Speed and flexibility, including hypertext linking Updates more current Broad availability of information and documents Published v. Electronic Published Electronic Annotated Service Topical Service Everything Currency Index Browsing Full-text search √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Major Electronic Tax Service Providers RIA Checkpoint CCH Tax Research Network Kleinrock TaxExpert The First Step Formulate the issue Is it a question of deductibility? If so, what kind of outlay is it? What is the nature of the outlay that places its status in doubt? Is it a business expense, page 2, other? Do you already know the controlling IRC § The Issue Is the $1,000 payment to Vendor on February 22 deductible? – will get you nowhere Is the purchase of a processor at a cost of $1,000 deductible as a business expense? – better Is the $1,000 purchase of a processor deductible as a business expense under IRC §162? – better, if you already know the controlling IRC § Is the $1,000 purchase of a processor deductible as a business expense under IRC §162, or must it be capitalized under IRC §263A? - better The Issue (cont’d) Does the $1,000 cost of a processor qualify as a deduction under IRC §179? Much depends upon how much you already know about the controlling law, if any, when you begin your search To begin with, some key works might be – processor – deductible - capitalize The Beginning of the Search Three search methods, depending upon how much you know about the controlling law Keyword keyword search (obviously IRC § cite search Case name cite search Content Published Tax Services Annotated Tax Services CCH – Standard Federal Tax Reporter RIA – United States Tax Reporter Organized by IRC § Hard copy “compilations” Search by Keyword – Index Topic or Subject Code Section Case Name Published Tax Services Annotated Tax Services Code Section Organization Service Annotation (not-authoritative) Code section Regulations Other authorities Cases Revenue Rulings Etc. Published Tax Services Topical Tax Services Subject matter or transactions RIA’s Federal Tax Coordinator 2d RIA’s Analysis of Federal Taxes: Income (Analysis) BNA’s Tax Management Portfolios (Portfolios) West’s Mertens Law of Federal Income Taxation (Mertens) IRS’s Website Lots of info Forms Publications Practitioner’s (info specifically needed by practitioners) www.irs.gov Questions ? Electronic and Printed Legal Services (Secondary Authorities) Chapter 7 Electronic Legal Services LexisNexis BNA (Bureau of National Affairs) Tax Management Portfolios TaxCore – daily news service Tax Analysts – very comprehensive TaxBase Tax Notes Today Westlaw Mertens – Law of Federal Income Taxation Bittker & Loken Service Questions ? Journals, Newsletters, and Internet News Services Chapter 9 Tax Periodicals Secondary Authorities Annual proceedings Scholarly reviews Professional journals Newsletters Tax Periodicals Annual Proceedings Annual tax professionals’ conferences NYU Institute on Federal Taxation University of Chicago Law School’s Annual Federal Tax Conference USC’s Major Tax Planning Institute Tulane Tax Institute Penn State Tax Conference Tax Periodicals Scholarly Reviews Law and business schools’ law review or academic journal publications Tax Law Review by NYU School of Law Virginia Tax Review by University of Virginia School of Law Boston University Journal of Tax Law / BU Florida Tax Review by U of Florida Tax Periodicals Professional Tax Journals AICPA’s Tax Adviser ABA Section on Taxation’s Tax Lawyer Warren, Gorham & Lamont’s Journal of Taxation Taxation for Accountants Journal of Partnership Taxation CCH’s Taxes Tax Periodicals Tax Newsletters CCH’s Tax News Direct Taxes on Parade BNA’s Daily Tax Report Tax Analysts’ Tax Base Tax Notes Questions? ?