Module 7 information
and communications
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Intro. To the internet
URL’s/ browsers/ cache
Web security and fraud
Using internet explorer
Search engines
Chapter 7 Information and
Communications
 1.
Introduction to the internet.
 2.URL’s/browsers/Cache.
 3. Web security and fraud.
 4. Using internet explorer.
 5. Search engines.
1. Introduction to the internet
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The internet describes the physical structure which allows
millions of computers to communicate with each other. For
this to work you need e.g servers, rooters, cables, fibre
optics, wireless and satellites.
It was developed by American universities firstly to share
scientific information, the American military further
developed this to improve their lines communication.
Computers used to have to feed off a central computer out
to many computers, nowadays each individual computer
can communicate to individual using a set of rules called
protocols for the internet to function and be accessed.
TCP = Transmission Control Protocol. And IP = Internet
protocol. This gives a digital home address to your
computer.
In order to get the internet to communicate you need POP (
point of presence) and an ISP (internet service provider).
Then you can communicate down telephone lines ,wireless
,cable t.v links ,satellites ,optic fibre cables.
Internet services
 World
wide web/e–commerce/EMails/news groups/ social
networking/ youtube /file transfer
protocol which is used for uploading
web pages to websites.
World wide web
Web sites are collections of web pages, a
web page can contain video, images,
sound, text.
 The homepage is the first page that comes
up and web designers when creating web
sites call this index.html.
 Hyper text and hyper links takes you to
other places on the internet or to your
own website.
 In order that web pages can be seen you
must ftp upload onto web servers/web
posts that are on 24-7e.g
www.hosting365.ie example of a hosting
company in order to create a website you
need to buy web design software or use
note pad for a basic page e.g
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2. URL’s/Browser/Cache
Uniform resource locators:
 This is the unique web address of a web page.
 HTTP;// means hyper text transfer protocol which is part of
the web addresses.
 WWW means world wide web this means the part of the
internet you are looking for, the bit in the middle of the
web address after the WWW is the company or institution
that has created the web site.
 The .ie/.co.uk represents what country its from.
 Common domains include .ace = acedmic institution .edu =
academic institutions in the U.S .gob = government sites
.mil = military sites.
 .org = non-profitable organisations .com = international
business sites. .net = network providers.
URL’s/Browsers/Cache
 Browsers
are needed to access the
internet (such as internet explorer,
firefox, google chrome, ask jeeves)
 Cache - temporary internet files are
stored
Cache
 Cache
is an area in the memory
where your internet explorer saves
pages and images that are
downloaded from the web/temporary
internet files.
 Click tools, click internet options,
click delete internet files.
Intro. To the internet revised
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The internet describes the physical structure which allows millions
of computers to communicate with each other. For this to work
you need: server, router, cables fibre optics, wireless and
satellites. It was developed by American universities in order to
share scientific info, the American military further developed this
to improve their lines of communications.
Computers used to have to feed off central computer out to many
computers, nowadays each individual computer can talk to
individual computers using a set of rules called protocol for the
internet to function and be accessed.
TCP= Transmission Control Protocol.
IP= Internet Protocol (this gives a digital home address to your
computer).
In order to communicate with the internet, you need POP( Point
Of Presence) and ISP( Internet Server Provider),
Then you can communicate down telephone wires, wireless, cable
TV links, satellites, optic fibre cables
Internet services
 WWW
 E-commerce
 E-mails
 News
groups
 Chat rooms
 File transfer protocol which is used
for uploading web pages
Cookies
 They
are small text files e.g. when
Gmail opens it sometimes has
already remembered your email and
password. Click tools, internet
options then delete cookies.
Web, security and fraud
 You
can use names and passwords
so that people cannot get access to
all pages of your website.
 Encryption: uses public key codes
e.g. 2 long numbers have to match
before you can get access.
 Https (s=Secure): this is a more
secure/safer version of http.
Digital Certificates
 You
can use certificates to protect
your info on the internet.
Viruses
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These attach themselves to emails
floppy disks or CDs e.g. the “I love
you” virus infected
Steps to prevent the spread of
viruses:
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3.
make sure you know who the email is from
Up to date anti virus software
Up to date IOS Windows 8.1
Firewalls
 This
is a computer programming wall
that stops the spread of problems. It
screens incoming requests and can
stop network viruses, even though
you cannot protect against Trojans
viruses.
Fraud on the internet
 E.g.
banking scams, phishing. This is
where criminals try to get your
personal information online (e.g. you
might get a page similar to your
bank page.
3.Web security and fraud
 Protective
websites – you can use names
and passwords so that people cant get
access to every page on your web site
 Encryption - uses public key codes e.g.
two long numbers have to match before
you gain access
 HTTPS - Hypertext transfer protocol
secure. This a more secure version of
HTTP
 You can put a password on individual
word docs.
3.Web security continued
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digital certs- you can use certificates to protect your
info on the internet
Virus -These attach themselves to e-mails, floppy discs
e.g. the I love you virus in 2000 divested
Steps to prevent the spread of virus’s: 1.know where
the e-mail is from 2. up to date anti-virus software
Firewall – this is a computer programming wall which
stops the spread of problems. It screens incoming
requests and can stop internet virus’s however you can
protect against Trojans
Fraud on the internet - e.g. banking scams, phishingthis is where criminals try to get your personal info
online e.g. you might get a genuine banking page that
looks like your page
Other internet terms – blog is a website that is
frequently updated and can act as an online diary,
Other internet terms
A
blog is a website that is frequently
updated and can act as an online
diary.
Starting internet explorer
Displaying screen titles: if you cant see
something on the screen click view then
toolbar and tick the function that you
need.
 The internet explorer toolbar:
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The back button takes you back a page
The forward buttons takes you forward a page
The stop button stops the uploading of pages
Refresh button reloads the current page
Home returns you to the home page
Favourites lists all your favourite websites
History shows what sites you were on
The address bar
 The
address bar shows the current
website and if you click the drop
down box to see the most recent
websites students were on
Home page
 This
is the first page that appears, to
set your page go to tools, internet
options, click general tabs, click
current, then website you want.
Managing the browser history
 To
view the browser history, click the
history button.
 Web-based forms are online forms
for collecting information.
Bookmarks
 E.g.
if you find a website you love,
click favourites, click create-in and
create a new folder. Click favourites
to return to bookmarks.
Copying images from websites
 Open
a word document
 On the graphic, right click the centre
of the graphic (or control+ c)
 Then control + paste
Saving images from website to
memory stick
 Select
a picture, right click
 Select “save as”
 Enter a file name in the name box
 Note: pictures are stored as .gif or
.jpeg. Photographs are more .jpeg
whereas line drawings are more .gif
 .png files are copyright free and are
becoming more popular all the time
Saving sounds or videos from a
webpage
 Go
to the website
 Right click the sound file or video file
link.
 Click “save link as” and save into a
folder
Opening a webpage in a new
window
 When
you want to go to a link but
want to load it onto another window,
right click the link.
 Choose open in a new window to
save as a text file in the grey area in
the bottom of the window, there is a
drop down arrow
 Click it then change to text file e.g.
*.txt
Browser page set-up
 To
change the page set up, here you
can change the paper size, change it
to vertical or horizontal, or you can
change the margins
Printing a webpage
 Click
file then print
 print range allows you to print
specific ranges
 Print frames equals you can grey out
certain areas of the webpage as
WebPages are made up of groups of
frames. The Colete option allows you
to print page by page, or the entire
document
Set up home Microsoft Email
What is electronic mail
 Digital
signatures are a way of
signing a letter using encryption
technology
 It guarantees the identity of the
person
acronyms
 Asap=
as soon as possible
 Btw= by the way
 B4= before
 Otoh= on the other hand
 Lol= laugh out loud
 L8r= later
unsolicited
 Don’t
open any attachments from
unknown sources
How to create an email account
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The email software that comes with most
computers is outlook express
Start, all programs then outlook express.
Then click tools, account then mail.
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1. click add mail
enter the name of your account
Add email
Click next, then enter the pop address then the
smpt address e.g. in the incoming mail box, type
mail1.eircom.net, the outgoing mailbox type the
same thing.
Using email and outlook express
 You
can send emails to many people
by putting a comma after each email
address.
 The cc box is used
 The bcc box allows you to add in
extra people. The advantage is that
the recipients cannot see who
received the email
Sending and receiving mail
Simply click the sending and receiving
button, then check your sent box to find
the email.
 Emails can be organised in alphabetical
order by subject or by the date received
by clicking on the headings. In order to
change the view, click view columns and
you can get emails listed by different
headings.
 By clicking reply all to an email, you will
be replying to every contact that was in
the incoming mail.
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Attaching files to emails
Click the attach button or insert
attachment, browse the correct drives to
find your file, then double click on it.
 If you want to make your email a high
priority, click the priority button, then
select high.
 You can retrieve emails by going to the
deleted folder then dragging it back into
the correct folder.
 You can create a brand new folder on the
left column e.g. under your inbox folder
you can make a business folder.
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Changing the email settings
 When
in outlook express, click tools,
options, general tabs. Here you can
set the software to check send and
receive every 3 minutes.
 Also you can select the spelling tab
to check your spellings before you
send. You can also set, in the send
tab, how you would like to send and
receive messages.
Address book
If you receive an email from a person and
you want to add their address to your
address book, right click their address,
then click add sender to address book.
 To create an email using your address
book, click on the little icon of a book and
the address window will appear then, click
on the names you want and simply click
ok.
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Common test errors
 Hyperlink
is a ref doc linking to same
or other doc
 Top level domain = com
 To block cookies click privacy tab
and click and drag higher
 To bookmark click add to fav
 New bookmark folder = add to fav
again
 To print the entire web page clcik the
 To
express yourself correctly online
is called netiquette
 Attaching an executable file could
cause send email problems
 To select recipient click the to
button, then ok,
 To save attached file click file menu
 To
display date email received clcik
the subject column heading, view
menu, icon col heading
 Flag mark means message will be
followed up
 To select email as unread click edit
menu or right click
 To search click view menu, right click
message
More common mistakes
 To
sort by subject click subject
 To move to another folder click edit
menu
 To add a person to a distribution list
right click the dist list or the white
area.
Conclusions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Intro. To the internet
URL’s/ browsers/ cache
Web security and fraud
Using internet explorer
Search engines
Internet explorer
Acronyms
Working with images
Email
Common Errors
Outlook email software Lesson
 Outlook
Tutorial
Project
 Familiarising
yourself with Microsoft
word now, Type up a 300 word
document summarizing what new
things you learned about this
Internet module.
 Save on your personal drive until
you’re finished and then save to the
catchall drive under Student Credits
Questions
 Difference
between URL’s/ browsers/
cache?
 Discuss Web security and fraud
 How to Use internet explorer?
 Search engines. Give examples
 Acronyms explain
 How do you Work with images
 How to set up Email?
 Common Errors on Ecdl?