Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Preview
• Multiple Choice
• Short Answer
• Extended Response
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following hydrocarbons must be an
alkane?
A. C2H2
B. C5H10
C. C7H12
D. C14H30
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following hydrocarbons must be an
alkane?
A. C2H2
B. C5H10
C. C7H12
D. C14H30
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
2. A hydrocarbon with the formula C8H18 is called
A. octene.
B. octyne.
C. octane.
D. propane.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
2. A hydrocarbon with the formula C8H18 is called
A. octene.
B. octyne.
C. octane.
D. propane.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
3. During a condensation polymerization reaction,
A. single bonds replace all double bonds that are
present in the monomer.
B. water is often produced.
C. alcohol groups are formed.
D. an aldehyde group is changed to a ketone group.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
3. During a condensation polymerization reaction,
A. single bonds replace all double bonds that are
present in the monomer.
B. water is often produced.
C. alcohol groups are formed.
D. an aldehyde group is changed to a ketone group.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
4. In naming an organic compound, we
A. should remember that naming the locations of all
functional groups is optional.
B. do not consider the number of carbon atoms in the
molecule as a factor.
C. begin by identifying and naming the longest
hydrocarbon chain.
D. ignore side chains when we name the molecule.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
4. In naming an organic compound, we
A. should remember that naming the locations of all
functional groups is optional.
B. do not consider the number of carbon atoms in the
molecule as a factor.
C. begin by identifying and naming the longest
hydrocarbon chain.
D. ignore side chains when we name the molecule.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
5. Which of the following compounds cannot have
different isomers?
A. C7H16
B. C5H10
C. C3H8
D. C6H12O6
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
5. Which of the following compounds cannot have
different isomers?
A. C7H16
B. C5H10
C. C3H8
D. C6H12O6
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
6. Compounds that differ only in the order in which the
atoms are bonded together are called
A. condensation polymers.
B. addition polymers.
C. structural isomers.
D. geometric isomers.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
6. Compounds that differ only in the order in which the
atoms are bonded together are called
A. condensation polymers.
B. addition polymers.
C. structural isomers.
D. geometric isomers.
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 22
Multiple Choice
7. Examine the following structural formula.
H
H
C
H
H
H C
C
H
H
H
H
C
C H
H
H
C H
H
The correct name for this compound is
A. 2,2-dimethylbutane.
B. 1,1,1-trimethylpropane.
C. 2-ethyl-2-methylpropane.
D. 3,3-dimethylbutane.
Standardized Test Preparation
Chapter 22
Multiple Choice
7. Examine the following structural formula.
H
H
C
H
H
H C
C
H
H
H
H
C
C H
H
H
C H
H
The correct name for this compound is
A. 2,2-dimethylbutane.
B. 1,1,1-trimethylpropane.
C. 2-ethyl-2-methylpropane.
D. 3,3-dimethylbutane.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
8. Organic functional groups
A. give characteristic properties to compounds that
contain them.
B. always contain oxygen.
C. always contain a double or triple bond.
D. are present in every organic compound.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Multiple Choice
8. Organic functional groups
A. give characteristic properties to compounds that
contain them.
B. always contain oxygen.
C. always contain a double or triple bond.
D. are present in every organic compound.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Short Answer
9. What feature must be present in a compound for it to
undergo an addition reaction?
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Short Answer
9. What feature must be present in a compound for it to
undergo an addition reaction?
Answer: The compound must be unsaturated; that is, it
must contain at least one double or triple bond.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Short Answer
10. Organic compounds of what class contain only two
elements?
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Short Answer
10. Organic compounds of what class contain only two
elements?
Answer: hydrocarbons, which contain only hydrogen
and oxygen
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Extended Response
11. Describe the difference between substitution reactions
and addition reactions. Your answer should mention
the degree of saturation of the organic compound.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Extended Response
11. Describe the difference between substitution reactions
and addition reactions. Your answer should mention
the degree of saturation of the organic compound.
Answer: In a substitution reaction, one or more atoms
replace an atom or group of atoms in a molecule, so
the degree of saturation of the organic molecule is
unchanged. In an addition reaction, additional atoms
are added to a double or triple bond, so the degree of
saturation increases.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Extended Response
12. Explain why some alkanes are gases, others are
liquids, and still others are solids at room temperature.
Chapter 22
Standardized Test Preparation
Extended Response
12. Explain why some alkanes are gases, others are
liquids, and still others are solids at room temperature.
Answer: Very small alkane molecules have very weak
London dispersion forces between them, so they are
not held together tightly, so these low-mass alkanes
are gases. Somewhat larger hydrocarbon molecules,
such as those in gasoline and kerosene, have
stronger London dispersion forces, so these
molecules are held together in liquids. Alkanes that
have very high molecular mass have much stronger
London dispersion forces, so these compounds are
solids.