• Title = Revolution
Recipe
–What is Revolution?
Define it
–What is the recipe
for a Revolution?
–How can
revolutions end?
• Analyze the political and
religious causes of the
English Civil War
• Analyze the mistakes of
Charles I that spark the
war
• Identify the enemies in
the English Civil War
• Analyze the political and
religious effects of the
end of the Civil War
• Political Disputes
• Religious Disputes
• James & Parliament
(nobles) argue over
power 
– James dissolves
Parliament many times
• James and Puritans
argue over Anglican
Church…
– James ignores Puritans
• 22 Years…no major
mistakes
• Less
ethical
than his
father
• “Tyrant”
• Charles I creates
trouble…
– Writes “Divine
Right of Kings”
where he defends
what? 
– Imprisons
opponents w/o
trial…breaks
Magna Carta
– Spends lots of $$$
• Forces Charles to
sign…
– Promise not to levy
taxes without
Parliament’s consent
– Can’t imprison without
just cause (Writ of
Habeas Corpus)
• Dissolves
Parliament
– No Parliament for
11 years (16291640)
• Charles gets taxes
on his own
(wisely?)
– The table is his
• Charles and ABofC
William Laud do what?
(2)
• Who is angered in
1640?
– What can they do?
• Problem for Charles with
this rebellion?
– Who does he call for
help?
• 1640-1643
• Get to work!!
– Removed Laud from office
– Repealed tax levies
– Abolish Court of Star Chamber
• But what does Parliament really want?!?!?!
– Don’t want to be dissolved for long periods (like
11 years)
• Offer Charles I the Triennial Act
– Parliament meets at least every 3 years
• Radicals in Parliament WANT MORE!!
– Want to make Puritan Reforms to the Anglican
Church
– Radical Groups in Parliament then kill Charles I’s
chief ministers (including William Laud)
• How will Charles take this?
• Sends army into
Parliament to arrest
radical politicians
• Politicians escape out
the back door
• This act by the
King/Parliament starts
the Civil War
• 1642-1649
• Cavaliers
vs
Roundheads
• How does it
end?
• Loyal to…
• Where
from?
• Class?
• Religiously?
• Upper Middle
Class
• Parliamentary
forces
• 2 Puritan groups
• Led by 
• His army is
called?
– New Model
Army
King Charles I captured
1. Parliament is split in
two…
– Presbyterians (hierarchy)
vs Independents (none)…
• Who has power where?
2. Anglican Church…how
should it look?
– Presbyterian or
Congregationalist?
3. Charles I ESCAPES!!!
– Cromwell has to fight
Charles I again and capture
him again
• Recaptured in 1648
• Many reasons…
• New religions
threatening social order
and harmony…(who +
how?)
– Baptists…
– Quakers…
– Diggers
– Seekers
– Ranters
• Who wins the
argument?
– Independents (led
by Oliver Cromwell)
kick out the
Presbyterians and
form the Rump
Parliament
– Charles I put on trial
• What charge?
• Parliament (the people?) would no
longer tolerate…
• The English people declare that a
King’s power comes from…
• England wanted to try a
government ruled by the
people…hmmm
• Monarchy???? ↓
• House of Lords? ↑
• Cromwell (CinC) and
Rump Parliament run
country
– AKA…………..
• Irish 
– Catholic
uprising
• Levellers
– Who
were
they?
– What did
they
want?
• Anglicans
and
Catholics
• What was
Cromwell
turning
into?
• Cromwell & Rump
Parliament don’t work
well together
• What will Cromwell
do? 
• Cromwell = Lord
Protector
• 1655-1658 =
Martial Law
exists
• Taxes raised
• Sound good?
• Cromwell dies in 1658
– Son takes over but has
no power
• Anglican Parliament
returns and votes for
Stuarts to return in
1660
• Someone has to pay
the price for killing the
King!!
– More on that next