Intro to Ions
Let’s look at our families- What ion will
each form?

It all starts with the noble
gases…
Everyone wants to be NOBLE
How are these ions made?

Can you mess with protons?

Would messing with neutrons do anything to
the charge?

What must you mess with???

What charge does an electron have?

So what would happen to the atom if they
LOSE one? Would they get more positive or
more negative overall???
IONS

If you mess with the electrons you change the overall
charge of the atom…an atom that is no longer neutral is
called an ION.

ANION- has a negative charge
 Means

you added an electron!
CATION- has a positive charge
 Means
you lost an electron
Let’s look at our families- What ion will
each form?

It all starts with the noble gases…
Everyone wants to be NOBLE
These are the “magic numbers”

Each of these atomic numbers will make a “full outer shell”
(OCTET RULE)

Other families will lose or gain electrons to get the these
“numbers”

Exceptions to Octet Rule: H, He, Li, Be,
Alkali Metals

All (except hydrogen- of course) will lose one electron to
form a __________ charge.

(1+)
Alkaline Earth Metals

All will lose two electrons to form a __________ charge.

(2+)
ExA neutral Mg atom has 12 protons and 12 electrons (+12) + (12) = 0
A Mg ion has 12 protons and only 10 electrons
(+12) + (-10) = +2
Boron Family

All will lose three electron to form a ____ charge.

(3+)
Carbon Family is special

All have four valence electrons, so it can lose four OR gain
four to fulfill its octet!
So it can form a _____ or a ______charge!
(4+) or (4-)
Nitrogen Family

All have 5 valence electrons, so it will look to
gain 3 electrons

So it will form a (3-) charge
Oxygen Family

All will gain two electrons to form a __________ charge.

(2-)
ExA neutral Oxygen atom has 8 protons and 8 electrons
(+8) + (-8) = 0
An Oxygen ion has 8 protons and 10 electrons
(+8) + (-10) = (2-)
HALOGENS

All will gain one electrons to form a __________ charge.

(1-)
How about those noble gases?

They will NOT FORM IONS!!!