From Bean to Bar…
Cocoa Bean Producing Countries
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The Dark Side of Chocolate (2010)
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PART 1
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 What is Harkin-Engel Protocol and how effective was it
when the documentary was being filmed?
 Where are the Malian children smuggled from? What is
the procedure of trafficking?
 What happened to the French Canadian journalist who
attempted to investigate the cocoa industry in the Ivory
Coast?
 How does the government official in the Ivory Coast feel
about the child labour issues?
 What does a buyer pay to purchase a child?
PART 2
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 What are the root causes of child labour and
trafficking in West Africa? Who are to be blamed?
 The statement issued by major chocolate companies
with regard to the child labour and trafficking in the
industry says “The vast majority of cocoa farms are
not owned by the companies that make chocolate or
supply cocoa, and we therefore don’t have direct
control over cocoa farming and labour practices.” Do
you think these companies are directly responsible
for this issue? Why or why not?
PART 2 cont’d…
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 What measures can we as consumers take to put
pressure on the chocolate industry to end the use of
child labour and trafficking in their supply chain?
 Despite the efforts made by many people to combat
child labour and trafficking, this issue continues to
exist even today. Do you think there is a way to stop
this completely? Why or why not?
If it’s not trafficking…
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Aftermath…
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 Since 2012, Nestlé and Fair Labor Association (FLA)
have worked together to improve the supply chain
of the chocolate industry.
 “School Project” to build and repair schools in the
Ivory Coast (40 schools by 2015)
Temporary Foreign Worker Program
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Source: Citizenship and Immigration Canada
Case Studies

 Why did they move to Canada?
 What kinds of challenges do they face in Canada?
 What are the problems of this program?
 What are some of the reasons why some employers
prefer to hire foreign workers over Canadians?
More about Reality…
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22% were paid less than minimum wage.
31% reported that their pay was late.
17% received paycheques that bounced.
39% who worked overtime hours never received overtime pay.
34% had problems receiving vacation pay.
36% were terminated or laid off without termination pay or
notice.
 37% did not get public holidays off with pay.
 17% were charged a fee for temporary work.
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Source: Made in Canada: How the Law Constructs Migrant Workers’ Insecurity (2012)
Discussion Question

Do you think the success of the global market economy
and the protection of human rights can be achieved at
the same time?