Chemistry Test 1 Study Guide
Chapters 1-3
Chapter 1
-
5 Fields of Chemistry: Organic, Inorganic, Analytical, Physical, Biochemistry
Scientific Method
- Experiment
Law
- Chemistry
Matter
- Independent Variable
Observation
- Dependent Variable
Theory
- Hypothesis
Chapter 2








Scientific Notation
Powers of 10 – what they are and how to complete different mathematical operations
Significant Digits
Accuracy vs. Precision (think of the dart boards)
Percent error
SI Units
o Length = meter (m)
o Mass = kilogram (kg)  use gram (g) for your base unit when converting
o Volume = Liter (L)  remember that 1 mL = 1 cm3
o Temperature = Kelvin (K), Celsius (oC)  K = oC + 273
o Energy = Joule
Metric Prefixes
o Kilo103
o Deci10-1
o Centi10-2
o Milli10-3
o Micro10-6
o Nano10-9
Dimensional Analysis (Conversions)
o Multiply the # you are trying to convert, by a conversion factor.
o Conversion factors are equalities, such as 1ft=12in, or 60sec=1min.
o Write the conversion factor as a fraction, with the unit you want to cancel out in the
denominator.
Ex. Convert 5 hours to seconds
5hrs x 60 min x 60 sec = 18, 000 sec
1 hr
1 min
Density = mass
volume
units: g
cm3
or
g
mL
Chapter 3






Distinguish between states of matter (chart in your notes- definite vs. indefinite)
Distinguish between physical and chemical properties.
Distinguish between physical and chemical changes.
- Know several signs of a chemical change
Classify matter –Pure Substances (elements and compounds)
-Mixtures (homogeneous and heterogeneous)
Distinguish between extensive (the extent of matter) and intensive properties (sample size does
NOT matter)
Know how to separate different types of separation (filter, evaporation, distillation, etc.)
Review vocab on pages 21, 49, 81 – no need to memorize, just be familiar with it
Questions:
1) Give the rules for:
a) Adding and subtracting significant figures.
b) Multiplying and dividing significant figures.
2) How do solids, liquids and gases differ? (think about the chart in your notes)
3) Which of the following are physical properties?
Hardness of steel
taste of coffee
Flammability of gasoline
Elasticity of rubber
conductivity of copper
a rotting banana
Smell of perfume
solubility of salt in water
4) Which of the following are chemical changes?
Fermenting grapes
rusting iron
Evaporation of dry ice
Forming a snowflake
Dissolving salt in water
cooking bread dough
electricity flowing through a metal
decomposing water into hydrogen and oxygen
5) Which of the following substances are homogeneous?
An ice cube
a can of paint
Motor oil(used)
scrambled eggs
piece of wood
a container of salt
freshly opened ginger ale
newspaper
6) Label the following as compound of element
Sulfur dioxide
Glucose
iodine
oxygen
sand
silver
salt
ammonia
water
calcium chloride