Organizing the War Effort

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Organizing the War Effort

Presidential Actions

• War Industries Board

• Regulated businesses to eliminate waste and non-essential goods; developed new industries needed for the war effort

• War Finance

Corporation

• Loaned public funds to businesses who were making war materials

• Emergency Fleet Corporation

• Built ships faster than the Germans could sink them

• Railroad Administration

• Took over operation of Railroads; reorganized lines, and controlled rates and wages

• National War Labor Board and War Labor

Policies Board

• wanted to keep labor disputes to a minimum; arbitrated disputes between workers and employers, established general policies affecting wages, hours, and working conditions

• Fuel Administration

• Stimulated a larger output of coal and oil and encouraged conservation in their use

• Food Administration

• Expanded agriculture and reduced hoarding and waste of food; encouraged people to plant “Victory Gardens” and sponsored wheat less and meatless days.

• There was NO rationing during WW I.

• Committee on Public

Information

• Distributed leaflets, had rallies, and speeches to describe our war aims and denounced Germany

• Propaganda

Congressional Actions

• Selective Service Act

• All men between the age of 18 and 45 had to register.

• 24 million were registered

• 2.8 million were drafted.

• 4.7 million men served in the armed forces during WW I.

• Sale of War Bonds

• These were used to raise money for the war. There were 4 “Liberty” loans and one “Victory” loan.

• $21 billion was borrowed by the government.

• Submission of the

Prohibition Agreement

• No alcoholic beverages were made during WW I in the US in order to conserve grain.

• Espionage and Sedition Acts

• Provided penalties up to $10,000 in fines, and/or up to 20 years in prison for anyone convicted of:

• Interfering with the sale of war bonds

• Attempting to curtail production

• Criticizing the war effort or the US government.

• 1597 people were arrested.

• 31 received prison sentences of 10-20 years.

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